User interface and time-shifted presentation of data in a system that monitors activity in a shared radio frequency band

• US 7,460,837 B2
• Filed: 09/29/2004
• Issued: 12/02/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 03/25/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Diener, Neil R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung; Nay
• Assistant Examiner(s): YOUNG, JANELLE N
• Application Number:
  US10/953,231
• Publication Number:
  US 20050227625A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,525 Days
• Field of Search: 455 68- 69, 455/67.11, 455/67.12, 455/67.7, 715733-736
• US Class Current: 455/67.7
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/23 Indication means, e.g. displays, alarms, audible means
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/26 using historical data, averaging values or statistics
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/309 Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters

Abstract

An intelligent spectrum management (ISM) system and method that includes sophisticated features to detect, classify, and locate sources of RF activity. The system comprises one or more radio sensor devices positioned at various locations in a region where activity in a shared radio frequency band is occurring. A server is coupled to the radio sensor devices and aggregates the data generated by the sensor devices. Data collected and processed by the server from the sensors may be coupled to a console application that displays the data in desirable user interface format. According to one aspect, the server continuously stores spectrum analysis data pertaining to activity in a frequency band over time and/or protocol analysis data pertaining to analysis of packets transmitted in the frequency band according to a communication protocol. A console application includes a time-shift display mode that permits a user to specify an instant of time prior to the current time from which to playback spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data generated by one or more radio sensor devices.

Claims

1. A method for presenting data related to wireless activity occurring in a frequency band, comprising:

a. continuously storing data derived from energy received in a frequency band over time, said data comprising spectrum analysis data derived from performing spectrum analysis on energy received in the frequency band and protocol analysis data pertaining to analysis of packets sent according to a wireless communication protocol in the frequency band;

b. monitoring the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data to determine whether a condition is satisfied corresponding to an event associated with wireless activity in the frequency band represented by the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data, wherein each event has associated therewith information comprising;

severity level of the event with respect to its impact to a wireless network operating in the frequency band, functional classification of the event, type of the event including whether a wireless device has been detected or is no longer active, and date and time of the event;

c. receiving from a user event filter information that determines which events detected based on said monitoring that are to be presented to the user, the event filter information comprising an indication of one or more of;

severity level, functional classification, type and time period of occurrence, of an event to be presented to the user;

d. receiving from the user alarm trigger information for issuing an alert presented to the user when the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data matches alarm trigger criteria defined by the alarm trigger information, wherein receiving the alarm trigger information comprises receiving data indicating an upper threshold or a lower threshold for each user-configurable alarm, wherein an upper threshold causes an alarm to be triggered when a value derived from the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data exceeds a threshold value and a lower threshold causes an alarm to be triggered when a value derived from the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data falls below a threshold, and receiving for an upper threshold or a lower threshold an enter value and an exist value, wherein the enter value is a value that if satisfied triggers the alarm to an “

on”

condition and the exit value is a value that if satisfied triggers the alarm to an “

off”

condition, and wherein the exit value and the enter value are different; and

e. comparing events detected based on said monitoring with said event filter information received from the user and presenting to the user an alert for an event that matches the event filter information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of presenting comprises displaying the spectrum analysis information as it occurred over time on or about the time of occurrence of the event.

3. The method of claim 1, and further comprising detecting occurrence of one or more types of signals occurring in the frequency band that interfere with operation of a wireless network operating in the frequency band.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein presenting data comprises displaying information indicating the type of signal detected and time of detection.

5. The method of claim 1, and further comprising receiving energy in a frequency band at each of a plurality of radio devices, and generating the data from the received energy at each of the plurality of radio devices.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein receiving energy comprises receiving energy in a building where wireless network activity is occurring in the frequency band together with other activity.

7. The method of claim 5, and further comprising aggregating statistics derived from the data from two or more radio devices, and wherein presenting comprises displaying data aggregated from two or more radio devices.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein aggregating comprises combining statistics derived from spectrum data pertaining to spectrum analysis performed by the two or more radio devices based on energy they receive in the frequency band and/or from protocol analysis data pertaining to analysis of packets sent according to a communication protocol in the frequency band and received by the two or more radio devices.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting comprises retrieving the data from storage beginning at an instant of time prior to the current time.

10. The method of claim 9, and further comprising controlling playback of the data with one or more controls including:

play, pause, reverse and forward.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting comprises displaying data including plots of power versus frequency data derived from the energy received in the frequency band over time.

12. The method of claim 11, and further comprising controlling the playback of the data with one or more controls including:

play, pause, reverse and forward.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of presenting comprises displaying plots for statistics associated with pulses of energy detected in the frequency band over time including one or more of center frequency, bandwidth, time duration, time between pulses, power and number of pulses.

14. The method of claim 13, and further comprising controlling the playback of the information with one or more controls including:

play, pause, reverse and forward.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of presenting comprises displaying plots over time for one or more of:

average power, duty cycle and maximum power in a particular frequency range within the frequency band.

16. The method of claim 15, and further comprising controlling the playback of the information with one or more controls including:

play, pause, reverse and forward.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting comprises displaying plots of statistics, with respect to activity in a particular frequency range within the frequency band, for one or more of:

pulses of radio frequency energy per time interval, duration of pulses of radio frequency energy, percentage of packet resends associated with a communication protocol, average data rate associated with a communication protocol traffic in the frequency band and number of detected client stations that operate according to the communication protocol.

18. The method of claim 17, and further comprising controlling the playback of the information with one or more controls including:

start, play, pause, reverse and forward.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving comprises receiving data for the enter value and exit value for an alarm selected such that they are close enough to each other so that they both reflect a major change in an radio frequency environment but far enough apart such that once the alarm is triggered “

on”

, a distinct change in the radio frequency environment is required for the alarm to go “

off”

.

25. The method of claim 3, and further comprising receiving from the user information that specifies a time interval of interest for displaying information for an event pertaining to detection of a signal that interferes with operation of the wireless network during the specified time interval.

26. The method of claim 1, wherein monitoring comprises monitoring the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data to determine occurrence of an event, wherein the functional classification of an event comprises one or more of:

identification of a non-wireless network wireless device that produces a signal that interferes with a wireless network operating in the frequency band, identification of a device that operates on a wireless network operating in the frequency band, an alarm associated with a statistic derived from the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data that exceeds a user-configurable threshold.

19. A method for presenting data related to wireless activity occurring in a frequency band, comprising:

a. receiving wireless energy in the frequency band at each of a plurality of devices;

b. generating spectrum analysis data from the received energy at each of the plurality of devices;

c. generating protocol analysis data pertaining to analysis of packets sent according to a wireless communication protocol in the frequency band at each of the plurality of devices;

d. continuously storing the spectrum analysis data and protocol analysis data produced by each of the plurality of radio devices;

e. monitoring the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data to determine whether a condition is satisfied corresponding to an event associated with wireless activity in the frequency band represented by the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data, wherein each event has associated therewith information comprising;

severity level of the event with respect to its impact to a wireless network operating in the frequency band, functional classification of the event, type of the event including whether a wireless device has been detected or is no longer active, and date and time of the event;

f. receiving from a user event filter information that determines events detected based on said monitoring that are to be presented to the user, the event filter information comprising an indication of one or more of;

severity level, functional classification, type and time period of occurrence, of an event to be presented to the user;

g. receiving from the user alarm trigger information for issuing an alert presented to the user when the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data matches alarm trigger criteria defined by the alarm trigger information, wherein receiving the alarm trigger information comprises receiving data indicating an upper threshold or a lower threshold for each user-configurable alarm, wherein an upper threshold causes an alarm to be triggered when a value derived from the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data exceeds a threshold value and a lower threshold causes an alarm to be triggered when a value derived from the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data falls below a threshold, and receiving for an upper threshold or a lower threshold an enter value and an exist value, wherein the enter value is a value that if satisfied triggers the alarm to an “

on”

condition and the exit value is a value that if satisfied triggers the alarm to an “

off”

condition, and wherein the exit value and the enter value are different; and

h. comparing events detected based on said monitoring with said event filter information received from the user and presenting to the user an alert for an event that matches the event filter information.

20. The method of claim 19, and further comprising aggregating data from two or more radio devices, wherein presenting comprises displaying data aggregated from two or more radio devices.

21. The method of claim 19, and further comprising retrieving the spectrum analysis data and/or protocol analysis data beginning at an instant of time prior to the current time.

22. The method of claim 21, and further comprising presenting the spectrum analysis and/or protocol analysis data with one or more controls including:

play, pause, reverse and forward.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein presenting comprises displaying plots over time for one or more of:

average power, duty cycle and

maximum power in a particular frequency range within the frequency band.

27. The method of claim 19, wherein receiving comprises receiving data for the enter value and exit value for an alarm selected such that they are close enough to each other so that they both reflect a major change in an radio frequency environment but far enough apart such that once the alarm is triggered “

on”

, a distinct change in the radio frequency environment is required for the alarm to go “

off”

.