Device and method for rapid aspiration and collection of body tissue from within an enclosed body space

• US 7,462,181 B2
• Filed: 06/04/2003
• Issued: 12/09/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 06/04/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stanford Office of Technology Licensing, Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford University)
• Original Assignee: Stanford Office of Technology Licensing
• Inventors: Kraft, Daniel, Hole, James
• Primary Examiner(s): Hindenburg; Max
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lloyd; Emily M
• Application Number:
  US10/454,846
• Publication Number:
  US 20030225364A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,015 Days
• Field of Search: 600/565, 600/137, 606/79, 606/80, 606/96, 606/108
• US Class Current: 606/96
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/025 for taking bone, bone marrow or cartilage samples
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0283 with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe A61B10/025, A61B10/0266 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1615 Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/2202 the ultrasound transducer being inside patient's body at the distal end of the catheter
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3415 for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters A61B17/3417 takes precedence; body piercing catheter guide needles A61M25/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3423 Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands access sites for liquids A61M39/0247
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3472 for bones, e.g. intraosseus injections
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2010/0258 Marrow samples
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00292 mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00309 Cut-outs or slits
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/320032 Details of the rotating or oscillating shaft, e.g. using a flexible shaft
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/32007 with suction or vacuum means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3413 guided by ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/378 using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/85 with gas or fluid supply means, e.g. for supplying rinsing fluids or anticoagulants for negative pressure wound therapy A61M1/92, A61M1/94; combined with tracheal tubes A61M16/0463; dental instruments with combined rinsing and aspirating A61C17/0208
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/09 Body tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/10 Bone-marrow
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/02 Bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0082 Catheter tip comprising a tool
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 3/0279 Cannula; Nozzles; Tips; their connection means

Abstract

Device and method for rapid extraction of body tissue from an enclosed body cavity. Hollow entry cannula with optional core element provides entry into body tissue space such as bone marrow. Aspiration cannula is inserted through entry cannula into body tissue and is manipulated to advance directionally through body cavity. Optional stylet within aspiration cannula aids in advancing aspiration cannula through body tissue and is removed to facilitate extraction of body tissue through the aspiration cannula. Inlet openings near distal tip of aspiration cannula allow tissue aspiration, with negative pressure source at proximal end of aspiration cannula providing controlled negative pressure. Aspiration cannula may be withdrawn and its path adjusted for multiple entries through the same entry point, following different paths through tissue space for subsequent aspiration of more tissue.

Claims

1. A system for tissue aspiration, comprising:

an aspiration cannula comprising a flexible length, a first end and a second end coupled to a handle;

a tip at the first end of the aspiration cannula, where the tip is rotatable relative to the handle when through a body tissue; and

an access guide configured to be positioned adjacent to an opening through cortical bone in communication with the body tissue to provide a pre-defined entry path into the opening,

where the access guide has a first diameter and a second diameter which is different from the first diameter such that the guide defines a plurality of distinct curved, grooved pathways through the guide along an interior of a round body such that each pathway converges directly from the first diameter to the second diameter in a common exit adjacent to the opening and where each pathway is sized to receive the aspiration cannula in a first orientation while providing an initial directional entry of the tip through the opening and into the body tissue such that the tip is oriented laterally through the opening and into the body tissue in a second orientation different from the first orientation, the guide further defining a tapering profile between the first diameter and second diameter to accommodate the plurality of pathways therethrough,

wherein the tip disrupts the body tissue by rotating and allowing the aspiration cannula to advance through the body tissue and to aspirate an amount of the body tissue through one or more openings defined along the tip or proximal there to along the flexible length,

wherein the flexible length allows the aspiration cannula to follow a path within the body tissue such that the tip is deflectable in all directions relative to the second end when advanced through the body tissue, and

wherein the tip comprises a rounded blunt tip which is shaped to move sideways along a cortical bone surface upon encountering the surface while rotating and without causing trauma thereto.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the aspiration cannula farther comprises an aperture through which the amount of the body tissue enters the aspiration cannula.

3. The system of claim 1, farther comprising an entry cannula for providing an entry into the body tissue.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the entry cannula comprises a core element for disrupting a boundary of the body tissue.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the aspiration cannula comprises a curved profile allowing the aspiration cannula to follow a linear or a non-linear path within the body tissue.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the aspiration cannula further comprises a port for administering a substance into the aspiration cannula.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the access guide is configured to be positioned upon a patient body externally of the opening.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the initial directional entry of the tip through the access guide is determined by selection of the pathway.