Automated system approach to analyzing harmonic distortion in an electric power system

• US 7,469,190 B2
• Filed: 03/23/2007
• Issued: 12/23/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 07/01/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Square D Company (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: Square D Company (Schneider Electric SE)
• Inventors: Bickel, Jon A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wachsman; Hal D
• Application Number:
  US11/726,824
• Publication Number:
  US 20070179726A1
• Time in Patent Office: 641 Days
• Field of Search: 702/60, 702/58, 702/69
• US Class Current: 702/60
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/002 Remote reading of utility meters
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 22/063 related to remote communication
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/01 Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/40 Arrangements for reducing harmonics
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

A method and system to detect and evaluate harmonic distortion in an electrical power system is disclosed. A plurality of monitoring devices is installed in the electrical power system. The hierarchy of the electrical power system is received. Data indicative of harmonic distortion on the electrical power system is received from at least two of the monitoring devices. The data indicative of harmonic distortion is automatically aligned in a temporal or pseudo-temporal context. An electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion from the data indicative of harmonic distortion is determined.

Claims

1. A method of harmonic distortion monitoring in an electrical power system that includes a plurality of monitoring devices, comprising:

receiving a representation of a hierarchy of the electrical power system, the hierarchy indicating how the plurality of monitoring devices are linked together in the electrical power system;

receiving data, which is indicative of respective current or voltage signals measured by at least two of the plurality of monitoring devices, from the at least two monitoring devices;

automatically temporally or pseudo-temporally aligning the data received from the at least two monitoring devices to produce synchronized data, by causing the data received from the at least two monitoring devices to be synchronized to a zero-crossing of the respective current or voltage signals measured by the at least two monitoring devices;

responsive to the automatically aligning, receiving harmonic distortion data indicative of harmonic distortion on the electrical power system from the at least two monitoring devices;

determining an electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion from the harmonic distortion data; and

analyzing the electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion to determine a location of a harmonic distortion source or a harmonic distortion sink in the electrical power system based on at least the representation of the hierarchy and on the synchronized data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrical characteristics of the harmonic distortion include 1) total voltage harmonic distortion;

2) total current harmonic distortion;

     3) discrete harmonic distortion component magnitudes and angles (voltages, currents, and powers);

     4) discrete harmonic distortion component flow directions;

     5) discrete interharmonic distortion component magnitudes (voltages, currents, and powers);

     6) discrete interharmonic distortion component flow directions;

     7) affected phase(s) (A,B,C);

     8) total even harmonic distortion and total odd harmonic distortion;

     9) triplens;

     10) harmonic distortion associated with three-phase rectifiers;

     11) harmonic distortion associated with positive sequence components;

     12) harmonic distortion associated with negative sequence components;

     13) harmonic distortion associated with zero-sequence components;

     14) true power factor versus displacement power factor;

     15) crest factors;

     16) total demand distortion;

or

     17) neutral current flows.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion includes comparing the aligned data received from one of the at least two monitoring devices with a threshold value to determine whether the aligned data received from one of the at least two monitoring devices represents a harmonic distortion signal.

4. A method of claim 1, further comprising determining potential sources for harmonic distortion in the electrical power system based on the determined electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising classifying at least one of the potential sources for harmonic distortion based on the determined electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising analyzing the electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion to determine an optimal location for a harmonic distortion mitigation device in the electrical power system.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the effects of mitigation devices on harmonic distortion in the electrical power system.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the monitoring devices include a top level monitoring device on a circuit of the electrical power system and at least one lower level monitoring device on a subcircuit directly linked to the circuit, wherein the data is sensed from at least one virtual monitoring point derived from the data received from the top level monitoring device and the at least one lower level monitoring device.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the data received from the at least two monitoring devices is synchronized to the zero-crossing of the respective current or voltage signals measured by the at least two monitoring devices.

10. A system to monitor harmonic distortion in an electrical power system, comprising:

a plurality of monitoring devices in the electrical power system;

a central controller coupled to the plurality of monitoring devices; and

a computer readable medium encoded with instructions executed by the central controller for directing the central controller to;

receive a representation of a hierarchy of the electrical power system, the hierarchy indicating how the plurality of monitoring devices are linked together in the electrical power system;

receive data, which is indicative of respective current or voltage signals measured by at least two of the plurality of monitoring devices, from the at least two monitoring devices; and

automatically temporally or pseudo-temporally align the data received from the at least two monitoring devices to produce synchronized data, by causing the data received from the at least two monitoring devices to be synchronized to a zero-crossing of the respective current or voltage signals measured by the at least two monitoring devices;

responsive to the automatically aligning, receive harmonic distortion data indicative of harmonic distortion on the electrical power system from the at least two monitoring devices;

determine an electrical characteristic of harmonic distortion from the harmonic distortion data; and

analyze the electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion to determine a location of a harmonic distortion source or a harmonic distortion sink in the electrical power system based on at least the representation of the hierarchy and on the harmonic distortion data.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the harmonic distortion characteristics include 1) total voltage harmonic distortion;

2) total current harmonic distortion;

     3) discrete harmonic distortion component magnitudes and angles (voltages, currents, and powers);

     4) discrete harmonic distortion component flow directions;

     5) discrete interharmonic distortion component magnitudes (voltages, currents, and powers);

     6) discrete interharmonic distortion component flow directions;

     7) affected phase(s) (A,B,C);

     8) total even harmonic distortion and total odd harmonic distortion;

     9) triplens;

     10) harmonic distortion associated with three-phase rectifiers;

     11) harmonic distortion associated with positive sequence components;

     12) harmonic distortion associated with negative sequence components;

     13) harmonic distortion associated with zero-sequence components;

     14) true power factor versus displacement power factor;

     15) crest factors;

     16) total demand distortion;

or

     17) neutral current flows.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the computer readable medium is further encoded with instructions for directing the central controller to determine potential sources for harmonic distortion in the electrical power system based on the determined electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein the computer readable medium is further encoded with instructions for directing the central controller to classify at least one of the potential sources for harmonic distortion based on the determined electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein the computer readable medium is further encoded with instructions for directing the central controller to analyze the harmonic distortion characteristics to determine a location of a harmonic distortion source or a harmonic distortion sink.

15. The system of claim 10, further comprising a mitigation evaluation module analyzing the electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion to determine an optimal location for a harmonic distortion mitigation device in the electrical power system.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein the monitoring devices include a top level monitoring device on a circuit of the electrical power system and at least one lower level monitoring device on a subcircuit directly linked to the circuit, wherein the central controller determines the data via at least one virtual monitoring point derived from the data received from the top level monitoring device and the at least one lower level monitoring device.

17. A method of determining harmonic distortion on an electrical power system including a plurality of monitoring devices, the method comprising:

receiving a representation of a hierarchy of the electrical power system, the hierarchy indicating how the plurality of monitoring devices are linked together in the electrical power system;

receiving data, which is indicative of respective current or voltage signals measured by at least two of the plurality of monitoring devices, from the at least two monitoring devices;

automatically temporally or pseudo-temporally aligning the data received from the at least two monitoring devices to produce synchronized data, by causing the data received from the at least two monitoring devices to be synchronized to a zero-crossing of the respective current or voltage signals measured by the at least two monitoring devices;

determining an electrical characteristic of harmonic distortion from the synchronized data;

analyzing the electrical characteristic of the harmonic distortion to determine a location of a harmonic distortion source or a harmonic distortion sink in the electrical power system based on at least the representation of the hierarchy and on the synchronized data.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the analyzing is performed via Fourier analysis to produce analyzed data indicative of harmonic distortion, the method further comprising confirming the presence of harmonic distortion in the electrical power system by comparing the analyzed data to a threshold value.