Fluid delivery device having an electrochemical pump with an anionic exchange membrane and associated method

• US 7,470,267 B2
• Filed: 05/01/2002
• Issued: 12/30/2008
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microlin LLC
• Original Assignee: Microlin LLC
• Inventors: Joshi, Ashok V., Bhavaraju, Sai, Theeuwes, Felix, Wright, Jeremy Corwin, Zecevic, Strahinja K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lucchesi; Nicholas D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bouchelle; Laura A.
• Application Number:
  US10/137,661
• Publication Number:
  US 20030205582A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,435 Days
• Field of Search: 604/892.1, 604/891.1, 604/890.1
• US Class Current: 604/892.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0004 Osmotic delivery systems; Sustained release driven by osmosis, thermal energy or gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0024 Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue compositions for intravenous administration, normal injectable solutions or dispersions for, e.g. subcutaneous administration A61K9/0019; brain implants A61K9/0085; (coated) prostheses, catheters or stents A61L
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/14513 with secondary fluid driving or regulating the infusion
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1452 pressurised by means of pistons
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14526 the piston being actuated by fluid pressure

Abstract

A fluid delivery device, comprising an electrochemical pump, wherein the pump is capable of transporting water; a pump product chamber, wherein the pump product chamber is capable of retaining water generated from the pump; a displaceable member positioned between the pump product chamber and a reservoir, wherein the displaceable member is controllably displaced upon generation of water from the electrochemical pump; a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is capable of containing a fluid which is delivered upon displacement of the displaceable member; and an housing for containing the pump, the pump product chamber, the displaceable member, and the reservoir.

Claims

1. A fluid delivery device, comprising:

an electrochemical pump comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an anion exchange membrane positioned therebetween, at least one of said electrodes spaced from said anion exchange membrane, wherein the electrochemical pump is capable of transporting water;

an electrochemical pump product chamber, wherein the electrochemical pump product chamber is capable of retaining water transported by the electrochemical pump;

a displaceable member positioned between the electrochemical pump product chamber and a reservoir, wherein the displaceable member is controllably displaced upon transportation of water from the electrical pump;

a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is capable of containing a fluid which is delivered upon displacement of the displaceable member; and

a housing for containing the electrochemical pump, the electrochemical pump product chamber, the displaceable member, and the reservoir, said housing configured to allow fluid external to said housing to operably communicate with at least one of said electrodes.

2. The fluid delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical pump farther comprises a protective porous separator and an electric resistor.

3. The fluid delivery device according to claim 2, wherein the electrochemical pump further includes an activation switch, and a support member.

4. The fluid delivery device according to claim 2, wherein the protective porous separator is generally permeable to H₂O molecules.

5. The fluid delivery device according to claim 2, wherein the first and second electrodes form a galvanic couple.

6. The fluid delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the displaceable member is selected from the group consisting of a piston, bladder, diaphragm, plunger, and mixtures thereof.

7. The fluid delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir contains a fluid selected from the group consisting of a medicament, lubricant, fragrant fluid, chemical agent, and mixtures thereof.

8. The fluid delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir includes one or more apertures.

23. The fluid delivery device according to claim 2, wherein the porous separator is not in contact with an electrode.

24. The fluid delivery device according to claim 3, wherein the support member is not an electrode.

25. The fluid delivery device according to claim 1, wherein at least one electrode is substantially nonporous.

26. The fluid delivery device according to claim 25, wherein the substantially nonporous electrode is a solid pellet.

27. The fluid delivery device according to claim 1, further comprising a water source external to said housing.

9. A fluid delivery device, comprising:

an electrochemical pump, wherein the electrochemical pump is capable of transporting water, and wherein the electrochemical pump includes a protective porous separator, a first electrode, a second electrode, an anion exchange membrane, and an electric resistor;

an electrochemical pump product chamber, wherein the electrochemical pump product chamber is capable of retaining water transported from the electrochemical pump;

a displaceable member positioned between the electrochemical pump product chamber and a reservoir, wherein the displaceable member is controllably displaced upon transportation of water from the electrical pump;

a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is capable of containing a fluid which is delivered upon displacement of the displaceable member; and

a housing for containing the electrochemical pump, the electrochemical pump product chamber, the displaceable member, and the reservoir, said housing configured to allow fluid external to said housing to operably communicate with at least one of said electrodes.

10. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein the electrochemical pump further includes an activation switch, and a support member.

11. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein the protective porous separator is generally permeable to H₂O molecules.

12. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein the first and second electrodes form galvanic couple.

13. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein the displaceable member is selected from the group consisting of a piston, bladder, diaphragm, plunger, and mixtures thereof.

14. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein the reservoir contains a fluid selected from the group consisting of a medicament, lubricant, fragrant fluid, chemical agent, and mixtures thereof.

15. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein the reservoir includes one or more apertures.

28. The fluid delivery device according to claim 9, wherein at least one electrode is not in physical contact with said anion exchange membrane.

16. A fluid delivery device, comprising:

an electrochemical pump, wherein the electrochemical pump is capable of transporting water, and wherein the electrochemical pump comprises;

a protective porous separator positioned at an end of the fluid delivery device;

a first electrode compartment which emanates contiguously from the a protective porous separator;

a first electrode residing within the first electrode compartment;

an anion exchange membrane which emanates contiguously from the first electrode compartment;

a second electrode compartment which emanates contiguously from the anion exchange membrane opposite the first electrode compartment;

a second electrode residing within the second electrode compartment; and

an electric resistor which is in electrical communication with the first and second electrodes;

an electrochemical pump product chamber, wherein the electrochemical pump product chamber is capable of retaining water transported from the electrochemical pump;

a displaceable member positioned between the electrochemical pump product chamber and a reservoir, wherein the displaceable member is controllably displaced upon transportation of water from the electrochemical pump;

a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is capable of containing a fluid which is delivered upon displacement of the displaceable member; and

a housing for containing the electrochemical pump, the electrochemical pump product chamber, the displaceable member, and the reservoir, said housing configured to allow fluid external to said housing to operably communicate with at least one of said electrodes.

17. The fluid delivery device according to claim 16, wherein the electrochemical pump further includes an activation switch, and a support member.

18. The fluid delivery device according to claim 16, wherein the protective porous separator is generally permeable to H₂O molecules.

19. The fluid delivery device according to claim 16, wherein the first and second electrodes form a galvanic couple.

20. The fluid delivery device according to claim 16, wherein the displaceable member is selected from the group consisting of a piston, bladder, diaphragm, plunger, and mixtures thereof.

21. The fluid delivery device according to claim 16, wherein the reservoir contains a fluid selected from the group consisting of a medicament, lubricant, fragrant fluid, chemical agent, and mixtures thereof.

22. The fluid delivery device according to claim 16, wherein the reservoir includes one or more apertures.

29. A fluid delivery device, comprising:

an electrochemical pump comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an ion exchange membrane positioned therebetween, at least one of said electrodes spaced from said ion exchange membrane, wherein the electrochemical pump is capable of transporting water and wherein said first and second electrodes do not participate in an oxygen-generating reaction;

an electrochemical pump product chamber, wherein the electrochemical pump product chamber is capable of retaining water transported by the electrochemical pump;

a displaceable member positioned between the electrochemical pump product chamber and a reservoir, wherein the displaceable member is controllably displaced upon transportation of water from the electrical pump;

a reservoir, wherein the reservoir is capable of containing a fluid which is delivered upon displacement of the displaceable member; and

a housing for containing the electrochemical pump, the electrochemical pump product chamber, the displaceable member, and the reservoir, said housing configured to allow fluid external to said housing to operably communicate with at least one of said electrodes.

30. The fluid delivery device according to claim 29, further comprising a protective porous separator that is permeable to H₂O molecules.

31. The fluid delivery device according to claim 29, wherein the first and second electrodes form a galvanic couple.

32. The fluid delivery device according to claim 29, wherein the ion exchange membrane is an anionic exchange type membrane.