Closed loop polar modulation system with open loop option at low power levels

• US 7,474,878 B1
• Filed: 03/02/2005
• Issued: 01/06/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/02/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qorvo US, Inc. (Qorvo, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: RF Micro Devices Incorporated (Qorvo, Inc.)
• Inventors: Jensen, Niels Jorgen, Humphreys, Scott Robert, Hietala, Alexander Wayne
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran; Pablo N
• Application Number:
  US11/070,704
• Time in Patent Office: 1,406 Days
• Field of Search: 455/121, 455/126.1, 455/127.1, 455/127.2, 455/102, 455/108, 455/110, 455/126, 455/180.3, 455/183.1, 455/91, 455/123, 455/522, 455/136, 455/67.11, 455/67.13, 455/67.16, 455/42, 455/147, 455/260, 455/164.1, 455/182.1, 455/76, 455/165.1, 375144-145, 375/149, 375294-305, 375/308, 375/327, 375/345, 375/376, 332/144, 332/145, 332/149, 332/300, 332/302, 327/147, 327/156, 327/105, 330/129, 330/136, 330/141, 330/149, 330/151, 330/286, 370/344, 370/347
• US Class Current: 455/126
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 3/0925 applying frequency modulation at the divider in the feedback loop
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 3/0933 using fractional frequency division in the feedback loop of the phase locked loop
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 3/0966 modulating the reference clock
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 3/0975 applying frequency modulation in the phase locked loop at components other than the divider, the voltage controlled oscillator or the reference clock
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 3/0983 containing in the loop a mixer other than for phase detection
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 5/00 Amplitude modulation and angle modulation produced simultaneously or at will by the same modulating signal H03C7/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/07 using several loops, e.g. for redundant clock signal generation
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/1974 for fractional frequency division

Abstract

A polar transmitter that is configurable as either a closed loop polar transmitter or an open loop polar transmitter is provided. In general, the polar transmitter is configured as an open loop polar transmitter when operating at an output power level less than a predetermined threshold and as a closed loop polar transmitter when operating at an output power greater than the predetermined threshold.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a polar transmitter adapted to operate in an open loop mode of operation when an output power level of the polar transmitter is below a predetermined threshold and operate in a closed loop mode of operation when the output power level is above the predetermined threshold;

wherein the polar transmitter comprises;

a polar modulator adapted to modulate data to provide an amplitude modulation signal and a phase modulation signal, the polar modulator comprising a phase locked loop (PLL) providing the phase modulation signal and adapted to receive a feedback signal;

power amplifier circuitry adapted to amplify the phase modulation signal based on a variable supply voltage to provide an output signal;

power control circuitry adapted to provide the variable supply voltage based on the amplitude modulation signal;

feedback circuitry adapted to provide a signal corresponding to the output signal of the power amplifier circuitry; and

switching circuitry coupled to an output of the feedback circuitry to receive the signal corresponding to the output signal of the power amplifier circuitry and coupled to an output of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) of the PLL providing the phase modulation signal and adapted to provide the signal corresponding to the output signal of the power amplifier circuitry to the PLL as the feedback signal when operating in the closed loop mode of operation and provide the output of the VCO as the feedback signal when operating in the open loop mode of operation.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the feedback circuitry is coupled to an output of the power amplifier circuitry in order to provide the signal corresponding to the output signal of the power amplifier circuitry such that the power amplifier circuitry is enclosed within the PLL when operating in the closed loop mode of operation.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the feedback circuitry comprises coupling circuitry adapted to couple an output of the power amplifier circuitry to the switching circuitry, thereby providing the signal corresponding to the output signal to the switching circuitry.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein the polar modulator comprises:

a digital mapping module adapted to receive digital data and convert the digital data into a digital quadrature signal having an in-phase component and a quadrature component;

a digital polar converter adapted to receive the digital quadrature signal and convert the digital quadrature signal into a digital polar signal having an amplitude component and a phase component;

first circuitry adapted to provide the amplitude modulation signal based on the amplitude component;

second circuitry adapted to provide a digital frequency deviation signal based on the phase component; and

the PLL further adapted to provide the phase modulation signal based on the digital frequency deviation signal, the feedback signal, and a reference signal.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein the first circuitry comprises compensation circuitry adapted to pre-distort the amplitude component to compensate for an amplitude modulation to amplitude modulation (AM/AM) distortion of the power amplifier circuitry, thereby providing a compensated amplitude component, wherein the amplitude modulation signal is provided based on the compensated amplitude component.

6. The system of claim 4 wherein the second circuitry comprises compensation circuitry adapted to pre-distort the phase component to compensate for an amplitude modulation to phase modulation (AM/PM) distortion of the power amplifier circuitry, thereby providing a compensated phase component, wherein the digital frequency deviation signal is provided based the compensated phase component.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein the PLL is a fractional-N phase locked loop (FN-OPLL).

8. The system of claim 7 wherein the FN-OPLL has a loop bandwidth greater than or equal to 800 kHz.

9. The system of claim 1 wherein the polar transmitter is further adapted to operate according to the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) standard.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein the predetermined threshold is in a range including +10 dBm to +15 dBm.

11. A method comprising:

providing a polar transmitter adapted to operate in either an open loop mode of operation or a closed loop mode of operation wherein providing the polar transmitter comprises;

providing a polar modulator adapted to modulate data to provide an amplitude modulation signal and a phase modulation signal, the polar modulator comprising a phase locked loop (PLL) providing the phase modulation signal and adapted to receive a feedback signal;

providing power amplifier circuitry adapted to amplify the phase modulation signal based on a variable supply voltage to provide an output signal;

providing power control circuitry adapted to provide the variable supply voltage based on the amplitude modulation signal;

providing a signal corresponding to the output signal of the power amplifier circuitry to the PLL as the feedback signal when operating in the closed loop mode of operation; and

providing an output of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) of the PLL to the PLL as the feedback signal when operating in the open loop mode of operation; and

operating the polar transmitter in the open loop mode of operation when an output power level of the polar transmitter is below a predetermined threshold; and

operating the polar transmitter in the closed loop mode of operation when the output power level is above the predetermined threshold.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein providing the polar modulator comprises:

providing a digital mapping module adapted to receive digital data and convert the digital data into a digital quadrature signal having an in-phase component and a quadrature component;

providing a digital polar converter adapted to receive the digital quadrature signal and convert the digital quadrature signal into a digital polar signal having an amplitude component and a phase component;

providing first circuitry adapted to provide the amplitude modulation signal based on the amplitude component;

providing second circuitry adapted to provide a digital frequency deviation signal based on the phase component; and

providing the PLL adapted to provide the phase modulation signal based on the digital frequency deviation signal, the feedback signal, and a reference signal.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein providing the first circuitry comprises providing compensation circuitry adapted to pre-distort the amplitude component to compensate for an amplitude modulation to amplitude modulation (AM/AM) distortion of the power amplifier circuitry, thereby providing a compensated amplitude component, wherein the amplitude modulation signal is provided based the compensated amplitude component.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein providing the second circuitry comprises providing compensation circuitry adapted to pre-distort the phase component to compensate for an amplitude modulation to phase modulation (AM/PM) distortion of the power amplifier circuitry, thereby providing a compensated phase component, wherein the digital frequency deviation signal is provided based the compensated phase component.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein providing the polar transmitter further comprising providing the polar transmitter such that the polar transmitter operates according to the Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) standard.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising selecting the predetermined threshold from a range including +10 dBm to +15 dBm.