Temperature responsive systems

• US 7,476,224 B2
• Filed: 04/09/2008
• Issued: 01/13/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/17/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Dennis N. Petrakis
• Original Assignee: Dennis N. Petrakis
• Inventors: Petrakis, Dennis N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith; R. A.
• Application Number:
  US12/081,030
• Publication Number:
  US 20080215037A1
• Time in Patent Office: 279 Days
• Field of Search: 604/890.1, 604/891.1, 222/54, 128/DIG.12
• US Class Current: 604/890.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 1/02 Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 2207/04 for conservation purposes
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 3/005 Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature fire detection G08B17/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 5/483 using materials with a configuration memory, e.g. Ni-Ti alloys

Abstract

A shape memory material activated device of the present invention uses a shape memory material activator to create a path through a shell wall of the device. The path through the shell wall may release a substance contained in the shell or allow a substance to enter the shell. The path may be created by fracturing, puncturing, exploding, imploding, peeling, tearing, stretching, separating, debonding, abrading or otherwise opening the shell and, may be permanent or reversible. The substance may be released in one location while the device is stationary or along a path while it is traveling, self-powered by the shape memory material activator. In addition, the substance may be delivered to an object upon contact with its surface. The self powering abilities allow these devices to be used as substance delivery devices as well as actuators, transporters, and energy conversion systems with modular characteristics and growth potential. The devices may be armed, prior to the beginning of their service life, to be placed in a state of readiness to release their substances once the path is created. Prior to arming they may be maintained at any temperature, incapable of releasing their substances. The devices according to the present invention may be used as temperature sensors or warning devices, drug delivery devices, and the like.

Claims

1. A shape memory material activated device for controlling the passing rate of a substance through a shell, the device comprising:

a shell;

a barrier of variable permeability; and

a shape memory material activator configured to create a path through the shell during temperature changes such that progressive exposure of the variable barrier occurs thereby permitting the substance to pass therethrough at a changing rate.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein said barrier forms part of the shell wall.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein said shape memory material activator includes a housing and wherein said path is created through the shell by unidirectional volumetric change of the housing caused by the shape memory material activator undergoing shape cycling during temperature changes.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein said barrier forms part of the shell wall whereby the substance is exuded out under pressure.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the path through the shell includes means for exposing progressively larger paths during increasing temperatures.