Coordinating data synchronous triggers on multiple devices

• US 7,478,256 B2
• Filed: 01/24/2006
• Issued: 01/13/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: National Instruments Corporation (Emerson Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: National Instruments Corporation (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Conway, Craig M., Bergeron, Jeff A., Baker, Daniel J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Du; Thuan N
• Application Number:
  US11/338,923
• Publication Number:
  US 20070174647A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,085 Days
• Field of Search: 713/401, 713/501, 713/600, 326/93, 327/141, 327/162
• US Class Current: 713/401
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3016 Delay or race condition test, e.g. race hazard test
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/31726 Synchronization, e.g. of test, clock or strobe signals; Signals in different clock domains; Generation of Vernier signals; Comparison and adjustment of the signals

Abstract

System and method for synchronizing multiple devices coupled to a system timing module (STM) via respective first transmission media, wherein two or more of the respective first transmission media have different respective transmission times. The STM and devices share a common clock, in phase and with respect to a common reference. Each device is configured to transmit respective signals to the STM within a common clock cycle. Respective delays corresponding to the devices are determined based on the respective transmission times, where the respective delays are applicable to respective signals received from the devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within a common clock cycle. The respective delays are applied to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within the common clock cycle, after which the STM is operable to trigger the devices as a single device.

Claims

1. A method for synchronizing a plurality devices coupled to a system timing module via respective first transmission media, wherein two or more of the respective first transmission media have different respective transmission times, wherein the system timing module and the plurality of devices share a common clock, in phase and with respect to a common reference, and wherein the plurality of devices are operable to transmit respective signals to the system timing module within a first cycle of the common clock, the method comprising:

determining respective delays corresponding to each of the plurality of devices based on the respective transmission times, wherein the determined respective delays are applicable to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within a second cycle of the common clock; and

applying the determined respective delays to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within the second cycle of the common clock, wherein, after said applying the determined respective delays, the system timing module is operable to trigger the plurality of devices as a single device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of devices and the system timing module operate in accordance with a first clock derived from the common clock, wherein the first clock has a first clock rate, wherein the common clock rate is an integral multiple of the first clock rate.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining respective delays comprises:

each of the plurality of devices sending a respective synchronous pulse train to the system timing module in accordance with the first clock rate via the respective first transmission medium;

determining respective first delays for each of the synchronous pulse trains, wherein the determined respective first delays are applicable to respective received pulses in the pulse trains to prevent metastability, to generate first synchronized pulse trains; and

determining respective second delays for each of the first synchronized pulse trains, wherein the determined respective second delays are synchronous with the common clock, and are applicable to the first synchronized pulse trains to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the first synchronized pulse trains to within a third cycle of the common clock;

wherein the respective delays comprise the respective first delays and the respective second delays.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

applying the determined respective first delays to each of the synchronous pulse trains, thereby generating the first synchronized pulse trains; and

applying the determined respective second delays to the first synchronized pulse trains to synchronize the received corresponding pulses in the first synchronized pulse trains to within the third cycle of the common clock; and

terminating said sending the respective synchronous pulse trains.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

each of the plurality of devices acquiring respective data;

each of the plurality of devices comparing the acquired respective data to a respective condition;

for each of the plurality of devices, if the acquired data match the respective data pattern, the device sending a trigger indicating a match to the system timing module through the first transmission medium; and

upon detection of respective triggers indicating matches from all of the plurality of devices within a third cycle of the common clock, sending a common trigger to all of the plurality of devices via a second transmission medium.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said determining respective delays further comprises:

for each of the plurality of devices, determining a respective first transmission medium time interval, comprising a time interval between a rising edge of the first clock and a subsequent pulse in the respective synchronous pulse train, the method further comprising;

determining a time of acquisition for the matching data based on the respective time interval for at least one of the devices.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said determining the time of acquisition is performed by one or more of:

the system timing module; and

a host computer system coupled to the system timing module.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of devices has an associated latency between acquiring matching data and said sending the trigger indicating the match to the system timing module, wherein said determining the time of acquisition comprises:

for the at least one of the plurality of devices;

recording a time stamp for reception of the trigger indicating the match from the device;

determining a total delay interval based on the associated latency and the respective first transmission medium time interval; and

subtracting the total delay interval from the time stamp to determine the time of acquisition for the matching data.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of devices has an associated latency between acquiring matching data and said sending the trigger indicating the match to the system timing module, wherein said determining the time of acquisition comprises:

for the least one of the plurality of devices;

recording a time stamp for reception of the trigger indicating the match from the device;

determining a total delay interval based on the associated latency, the respective first transmission medium time interval, and the respective first and second delays associated with the device; and

subtracting the total delay interval from the time stamp to determine the time of acquisition for the matching data.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of devices comprises a buffer for storing the acquired data, wherein the buffer is large enough to store data acquired during a time interval comprising:

the associated latency of the respective device, the first transmission medium time interval, the respective first and second delays, a latency of the system timing module comprising a time interval between the detection of the respective triggers and said sending the common trigger, a time interval of transmission of the common trigger, and a response time of the device to the common trigger, the method further comprising;

the system timing module sending the time of acquisition to each of the plurality of devices; and

each of the plurality of devices performing an operation on the matching data specified by the time of acquisition.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the operation comprises one or more of:

retrieving data from the buffer comprising the matching data, and sending the data to the system timing module;

retrieving data from the buffer comprising the matching data, and sending the data to an external device; and

storing the matching data in memory of the device.

12. The method of claim 4, wherein the system timing module comprises a respective flip-flop and a respective delay module corresponding to each of the plurality of devices, wherein said determining first delays comprises the delay module adjusting the first delay to avoid metastability in the flip-flop, and wherein said applying the first and second delays is performed by the delay module.

13. The method of claim 2, wherein the first clock comprises a virtual clock which provides periodic common clock pulses in accordance with the integral multiple of the common clock rate.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the system timing module is coupled to a controller, wherein said determining respective delays corresponding to each of the plurality of devices is performed at least in part by the controller, wherein the controller comprises a host computer system coupled to the system timing module or a controller board coupled to the system timing module.

15. The method of claim 1,

wherein the plurality of devices comprise a respective plurality of boards comprised in a chassis.

16. The method of claim 15,

wherein the system timing module comprises a system timing module board comprised in the chassis.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first transmission media comprise a star trigger bus facilitating point-to-point communications between the system timing module board and the plurality of boards.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the second transmission medium comprises a common trigger bus facilitating backplane communications among the system timing module board and the plurality of boards.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of boards and the system timing module board each comprises a respective PXI board, and wherein the chassis comprises a PXI chassis.

20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

each of the plurality of devices acquiring respective data;

each of the plurality of devices comparing the acquired respective data to respective data patterns;

for each of the plurality of devices, if the acquired data match the respective data pattern, the device sending a trigger indicate a match to the system timing module through the first transmission medium; and

upon detection of respective triggers indicating matches from all of the plurality of devices within a third cycle of the common clock, sending a common trigger to all of the plurality of devices via a second transmission medium.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining respective delays comprises:

each of the plurality of devices sending a respective synchronous pulse train to the system timing module in accordance with the common clock rate via a first line of the respective first transmission medium, and concurrently sending the common clock signal from the device via a second line of the respective first transmission medium; and

using the sent common clock signal and the sent synchronous pulse train to determine the delays.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the system timing module comprises a plurality of flip-flops for each of the plurality of devices, and wherein said using the sent common clock signal and the sent synchronous pulse train to determine the delays comprises:

for each device of the plurality of devices;

a first flip-flop receiving the synchronous pulse train from the device, wherein the first flip-flop is driven by the common clock signal from the device and outputting a first resulting synchronous pulse train;

a second flip-flop receiving the first resulting synchronous pulse train, wherein the second flip-flop is driven by the common clock signal from the system timing module;

determining a phase adjustment for the common clock signal from the system timing module that avoids metastability in the second flip-flop;

adjusting a phase of the common clock signal from the system timing module driving the second flip-flop;

the second flip-flop outputting a second resulting synchronous pulse train;

determining a delay for the second resulting synchronous pulse train;

wherein the respective delays for each of the second resulting synchronous pulse train are applicable to synchronize corresponding pulses in the synchronous pulse trains from the plurality of devices to within the second cycle of the common clock.

23. A system, comprising:

a system timing module; and

a plurality of devices, wherein each device of the plurality of devices is coupled to the system timing module via respective first transmission media, and wherein two or more of the respective first transmission media have different respective transmission times, and wherein the system timing module and the plurality of devices share a common clock, in phase and with respect to a common reference, and wherein the plurality of devices are operable to transmit respective signals to the system timing module within a first cycle of the common clock;

wherein the system timing module is operable to;

determine respective delays corresponding to each of the plurality of devices based on the respective transmission times, wherein the determined respective delays are applicable to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within a second cycle of the common clock; and

apply the determined respective delays to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within the second cycle of the common clock, wherein, after the determined respective delays are applied, the system timing module is operable to trigger the plurality of devices as a single device.

24. A system for synchronizing a plurality devices coupled to a system timing module via respective first transmission media, wherein two or more of the respective first transmission media have different respective transmission times, wherein the system timing module and the plurality of devices share a common clock, in phase and with respect to a common reference, and wherein the plurality of devices are operable to transmit respective signals to the system timing module within a first cycle of the common clock, the system comprising:

means for determining respective delays corresponding to each of the plurality of devices based on the respective transmission times, wherein the determined respective delays are applicable to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within a second cycle of the common clock; and

means for applying the determined respective delays to respective signals received from the plurality of devices to synchronize received corresponding pulses in the signals to within the second cycle of the common clock, wherein, after said applying the determined respective delays, the system timing module is operable to trigger the plurality of devices as a single device.