Engine running at fixed speed incorporated controllable transmission power system

• US 7,479,091 B2
• Filed: 08/15/2005
• Issued: 01/20/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/15/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Tai-Her Yang
• Original Assignee: Tai-Her Yang
• Inventors: Yang, Tai-Her
• Primary Examiner(s): Le; David D.
• Application Number:
  US11/203,179
• Publication Number:
  US 20070037661A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,254 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 477/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2006/268 Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/105 the accumulator being a flywheel
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/42 characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/48 Parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/441 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/443 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/26 Transition between different drive modes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/30 using propulsion power stored mechanically, e.g. in fly-wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/02 including control of driveline clutches
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/10 including control of change-speed gearings
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/11 : Stepped gearings
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 : for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 : Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/15 : Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/30 : Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio control of change speed gearings, together with other vehicle sub-units B60W10/10; HEV transmission gearing B60K6/36; gearings and control thereof F16H
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/02 : Clutches
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0666 : Engine power
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/0644 : Engine speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/188 : Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/1882 : characterised by the working point of the engine, e.g. by using engine output chart
• CPC Class Codes: F02N 11/0814 : comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 : Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/84 : Data processing systems or methods, management, administration

Abstract

A power system of controllable transmission incorporated with an engine running at fixed speed that controls the engine to run at a fixed speed or approaching a fixed speed within an rpm range with higher BSFC (braking specific fuel consumption) when the engine is started up from static status and in the accelerated drive from low rpm, the output end of the engine drives to achieve active control of the controllable front-end gearbox that is capable of executing variable or invariable gear shift so to activate the output end to execute accelerated drive output from low to high rpm; meanwhile, in the course of start-up and acceleration from lower to high rpm and in driving operation, the engine runs in an rpm range with higher BSFC for saving fuel.

Claims

1. A power system of controllable transmission, the power system incorporated with an engine that controls the engine to run at a substantially fixed speed or approaching a fixed speed within an rpm range with higher BSFC (braking specific fuel consumption) when the engine is started up from static status and in an acceleration from low to high rpm, an output end of the engine is provided to drive a controllable front-end gearbox that is capable of actively controlling and executing variable or invariable gearshift so to activate the output end to execute the acceleration from lower to higher rpm;

meanwhile, in the course of the start-up and the acceleration from lower to higher rpm and in driving operation, the engine runs in an rpm range with higher BSFC for saving fuel, wherein;

the engine (100) comprises an internal combustion engine driven by any type of fuel;

adapted optionally with peripherals related to the operation status of the engine (100) including start-up, rpm detection, rpm control, electric system, fuel supply, ignition, exhaust treatment, cooling devices;

a clutch (101) is provided comprising a clutching device driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or a one-way transmission to be disposed between the output end of the engine (100) and the controllable front-end gearbox (102);

the controllable front-end gearbox (102);

comprises an active control device (1020) for direct manual active control or indirect active control through a drive control interface (105) manual operation of step gearshift, or manual operation of shift of transmission ratio including step automatic transmission, or step or stepless automatic gearbox;

or using a microprocessor to execute step or stepless gearbox in automatic transmission operation;

further comprising a transmission driven by gear, friction gear, pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission having an zero-output or selected rating of output at lower rpm as a starting point, and executing the active control to change the transmission ratio and execute the acceleration from lower to higher rpm; and

the output end is available for driving a load, or driving two loads that may execute differential operation, or driving an optional rear-end output gearbox when disposed as required to drive a load from the output end of the rear-end output gearbox;

the active control device (1020) comprises a physical structure that produces activated displacement when driven by a mechanical structure, electro-mechanical structure, air pressure, hydraulic, coil, vacuum suction, electromagnetic attraction or rejection, or any other control device so to put under control by manual, mechanical force, electric signal or photo signal for executing the active control of the controllable front-end gearbox (102) to engage in relative change in the transmission ratio;

the rear-end output gearbox (103), is provided comprising a gearbox with fixed transmission ratio, a step gearshift operated by manual, or a step or stepless automatic gearbox, or a step or stepless gearbox of microprocessor controlled automatic gearshift, including gear, friction gear, pulley, sprocket, fluidity or electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission, wherein to execute reverse output for reverse gear, an output of the rear-end gearbox may be manually controlled or controlled in automatic transmission by a microprocessor to provide output at higher rpm by changing the transmission ratio from zero-output or a selected output at lower rpm, and wherein an output end of the rear-end gearbox is available for driving a load, or driving two loads that execute differential operation;

a manual operation interface (104) is provided comprising a physical interface device operating by hand, or operating by electric ON/OFF push button, or photo or audio energy to directly control or indirectly control the engine (100), the clutch (101), the active control device (1020), the controllable front-end gearbox (102), and the rear-end output gearbox (103) through the drive control interface (105) for outputting to drive the load; and

the drive control interface (105) comprises a mechanical device, electromechanical device, electronic device or a microprocessor and related software for receiving the transmission operation from the manual operation interface (104), or electric, radio wave, photo or audio signals to control those peripherals related to the operation status of the engine (100), the clutch (101), or the active control device (1020) of the controllable front-end gearbox (102) to engage in the operation of related mechanism;

wherein said power system as described above upon starting the engine (100) provides better BSFC efficiency by having the engine (100) run at or approximately at fixed speed within the range of higher rpm and executing the active control the optional controllable front-end gearbox to output from lower rpm and higher rpm, such that when the output from the controllable front-end gearbox (102) reaches a preset rpm or torque, the engine (100) engages in variable operation within the range of higher rpm through control by the drive interface device (105) controlling the manual operation interface (104) so as to increase rpm or torque;

meanwhile, the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is directly subject to control by the manual operation interface (104) or by the active control device (1020) to make an output of relatively variable speed ratio;

the output of relatively variable speed ratio is made by means of controlling the speed ratio of the rear-end output gearbox (103).

2. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the system further comprises

a revolving electric machine connected in series that provides at the same time function as a generator and as a motor to be applied in a power system of stop-go function of an engine;

first and second clutches (101), (201);

each driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force;

wherein the clutch (101) is disposed between the output side of the engine (100) and the revolving electric machine (121), and the second clutch (201) is disposed between the revolving electric machine (121) and the controllable front-end gearbox (102);

the manual operation interface (104); and

the drive control interface (105);

the revolving electric machine (121) is a dual-end shaft revolving electric machine comprised of AC or DC, brush or brushless, synchronous or asynchronous revolving electric machine with the shafts at both ends thereof connected in series between the first clutch (101) and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) for the active control to provide the following functions;

(a) when the revolving machine (121) is driven to operate as a generator, it recharges a battery (123) or supplies power to other loads driven by electric energy through a circuit control device (122);

at this time, the first clutch (101) is closed, and the second clutch (201) may be closed or released as applicable, and

(b) when the revolving electric machine (121) is driven by the power from the battery (123) through a circuit control device (122) to operate as a motor, to start up an engine or drive other mechanical force to drive a load;

at this time, the first clutch (101) is closed, and the second clutch (201) may be closed or released as applicable;

the circuit control device (122) is a dynamo-electric device or electronic device subject to control by the manual operation interface (104) and the drive control interface (105) so to further control the power in the battery (123), drive the revolving electric machine (121) to operate as a motor, and control features of amperage, voltage, rpm, revolving direction, and torque when the revolving electric machine (121) is operating as a motor;

or when the revolving electric machine (121) operates as a generator, to control the power generated from the revolving electric machine (121), voltage, amperage, timing and automatic cut-off upon saturation in charging the battery (123); and

the battery (123) comprises any type of rechargeable battery, capacitor, or super-capacitor configured to store or discharge electric power.

3. The power system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:

an electric machine integrated with the functions of a motor and a generator to be applied in a power system of Stop &

Go Function of the engine;

the electric machine (131) integrated with the functions of a motor and a generator being a revolving electric machine comprised of AC or DC, brush or brushless, synchronous or asynchronous revolving electric machine with its revolving shaft directly coupled to the front end or the rear rend of the shaft of the engine (100), or to engage in transmission mutually with the shaft of the engine (100) by means of a transmission assembly (130) to provide the following functions;

(i) when the electric machine (131) functions as a generator, it recharges a battery (123) or supplies power to other loads driven by electric energy through a circuit control device (122); and

(ii) the power from the battery (123) controls through the circuit control device (122) driving the electric machine (131) to operate as a motor to start up the engine or drive a load;

the circuit control device (122) is a dynamo-electric device or electronic device subject to the control by the manual operation interface (104) and the drive control interface (105);

the battery (123) comprises any type of rechargeable battery, capacitor, or super-capacitor configured to store or discharge electric power; and

the transmission assembly (130) comprises a shaft-to-shaft coupler, or gear, friction gear, pulley, serrated pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic, or any other transmission;

or when required, an optional item of a controllable clutch subject to control by the circuit control device (122) and is disposed between a shaft of the engine (100), and a rotation part of the electric machine (131) so as to control transmission between the shaft of the engine (100), and the rotation part of the electric machine (131);

the electric machine (131) may comprise a conventional motor and a generator if and when required, and their operating functions in the system are the same as that provided by the electric machine (131) integrated with the functions of a motor and a generator;

the power system provided with the immediate Stop and Go Function of the present invention is controlled through the manual operation interface (104) and the drive interface device (105) with its operation mechanism as follows;

(a) provide immediate operation of Stop &

Go Function;

when the load stops, the engine stops running;

upon starting up, the power from the battery (123) drives the electric machine (131) to operate as a motor for starting up the engine or driving the load, and controlling features of amperage, voltage, rpm, revolving direction, and torque;

(b) once started, the engine maintains running at a fixed speed or at a speed approaching a fixed speed within the area with comparatively higher BSFC;

the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is controlled by the manual operation interface (104) through the drive interface device (105) and then through the active control device (1020), or is directly controlled by the drive interface device (105) for the output from the controllable front-end gearbox (102) to engage in relatively faster or slower operation;

(c) provide a function;

when the output from controllable front-end gearbox (102) reaches a preset rpm or torque, the engine (100) is controlled to engage in the variable operation within a range of comparatively higher rpm through the by the drive interface device (105) controlling the manual operation interface (104) so as to increase rpm or torque;

meanwhile, the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is directly subject to the control by the manual operation interface (104) or through the control by the active control device (1020) to make the output of relatively variable speed ratio;

if the system is provided with a rear-end output gearbox (103), the output of relatively variable speed ratio is made by means of controlling the speed ratio of the rear-end output gearbox (103);

(d) to control charging voltage, amperage, timing to start charging, and automatic cut-off, upon charging the battery (123) is saturated with power generated from the electric machine (131) when the electric machine (131) is operating as a generator; and

(e) during a process of deceleration, driving down a slope, or applying a brake, the electric machine (131) is driven by load inertia to operate as a generator to supply power to the battery (123) to produce braking.

4. The power system of claim 1, wherein

a controllable clutch (201) is further disposed between the input end and the output end of the controllable front-end gearbox (102);

once the controllable clutch (201) is closed, both of the input and the output ends are directly coupled to each other for transmission for reducing transmission loss;

or

alternatively, the controllable clutch (201) may be disposed inside or outside the controllable front-end gearbox, having a first gearbox (108) to function as a transmission between the in put end of the controllable front-end gearbox (102) and the input end of the controllable clutch (201), and having a second gearbox (109) as the transmission between the output end of the controllable front-end gearbox (102) and the output end of the controllable clutch (201), both of the input and the output ends of the controllable front-end gearbox (102) execute directly coupled transmission through the controllable clutch (201) when closed to reduce transmission loss.

5. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the system is further provided with a transmission (110), a controllable clutch (301) and a flywheel (300);

in applying a braking, or where the engine (100) is running with comparatively low load of BSFC (Braking Specific Fuel Consumption), the controllable clutch (301) adapted to the flywheel (300) is closed while rotary motion from the engine drives the flywheel (300) to store kinetic energy for increasing the load of the engine through the transmission (110) and the controllable clutch (301) for the engine (100) to operate in a range with better BSFC;

while the controllable clutch (301) is closed, the kinetic energy stored in the flywheel (300) is released within a heavy load operation range in case of startup or emergency acceleration to provide auxiliary drive to help the engine (100) to drive the load for energy saving purposes; and

wherein;

the flywheel (300), comprises a rotary part to execute input and output of free revolution and to input or output the rotary kinetic energy;

wherein as an inertial revolving object the flywheel is capable of directly accepting the input or output of rotary kinetic energy, or a front-end gearbox (310) containing various speed ratios may be adapted to the flywheel (300) as required;

the controllable clutch (301) is driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or to a one-way transmission disposed between the output side of the engine (100) and the rotary part of the flywheel (300);

the transmission (110) disposed between the rotary part of the flywheel (300) and a revolving power source of the engine (100)-comprises a conventional transmission, e.g., a gear, friction gear, pulley, serrated pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission; and

the front-end gearbox (310) comprises a gear, friction gear, pulley, serrated pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic, or any other prior art of transmission to provide the rotary motion.

6. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the system is further provided with a transmission (110, a controllable clutch (301), and a revolving electric machine (302) that operates as a generator or electric motor;

in applying a braking, or where the engine is running with comparatively low load of BSFC (Braking Specific Fuel Consumption), the controllable clutch (301) is closed, and the rotary kinetic energy from the engine (100) drives the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a generator through the transmission (110) and the controllable clutch (301) and to charge a rechargeable device (304) by way of a control device (303) so as to increase a load of the engine (100) for the engine to operate in a range with better BSFC;

while the engine (100) is running in heavy load operation range in case of start-up or emergency acceleration, the controllable clutch (301) operated to close, power is released from the rechargeable device (304) to drive the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a motor through the control device (303) to help the engine (100) drive the load for achieving energy saving purposes;

wherein;

the controllable clutch (301) comprises a clutching device driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or a one-way transmission disposed between the output side of the engine (100) and the revolving electric machine (302);

the revolving electric machine (302) comprises an internal or external rotation type of AC or DC, brush or brushless, synchronous or asynchronous revolving electric machine, containing magnetic field and a rotor to function as a generator through the control device (303) to charge a rechargeable device (304) with the generated power, and to function as a motor for the power from the rechargeable device (304) to drive the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a motor;

the control device (303) comprises a dynamo-electric, electronic, or power type solid status electronic device to control the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a generator, and to control output voltage, amperage or polarity;

the rechargeable device (304) comprises any rechargeable battery, capacitor, super-capacitor, or fuel cell to recharge or release electric energy; and

the transmission (110) is disposed between the rotary part of the revolving electric machine (302) and a revolving power source of the engine, and is comprised of a conventional transmission, e.g., a gear, friction gear, pulley, serrated pulley, sprocket, fluidity, or electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission.

7. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the system is applied in power output of multiple output power trains;

the motive power side of a power allotment device (111) to drive a controllable clutch (301) and an inertial flywheel (300), in applying a braking, or where the engine (100) is running with comparatively low load of BSFC (Braking Specific Fuel Consumption), the controllable clutch (301) adapted to the flywheel (300) is closed while rotary kinetic energy from the engine (100) drives the flywheel (300) through a motive power side of the power allotment device (111) and the controllable clutch (301) to store kinetic energy to increase the load of the engine (100) so that the engine (100) operates in an range with better BSFC;

while the engine (100) is running in heavy load operation range in case of start-up or emergency acceleration, the controllable clutch (301) is operated to close, the power is released from the flywheel (300) to provide auxiliary drive to help the engine (100) to drive the load to achieve energy saving purposes;

wherein;

the flywheel (300) comprises a rotary part to execute input and output of free revolution and to input or output the rotary kinetic energy;

wherein the flywheel, as an inertial revolving object, is capable of directly accepting the input or output rotary kinetic energy, or a front-end gearbox (310) containing various speed ratios may be adapted to the flywheel (300) as required;

the controllable clutch (301)-is a clutching device driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or a one-way transmission disposed between the power allotment device (111) and the rotary part of the flywheel (300); and

the front-end gearbox (310) comprises a gear, friction gear, pulley, serrated pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission to provide the rotary kinetic energy.

8. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the system is applied in power output of multiple output power trains;

a motive power side of a power allotment device of the system drives a controllable clutch (301) and a revolving electric machine (302) that operates as a generator or a motor, in applying a braking, or where the engine (100) is running with comparatively low load of BSFC (Braking Specific Fuel Consumption), the controllable clutch (301) is operated to close while the revolving electric machine (302) operates as a generator, and to charge a rechargeable device (304) by means of a control device (303) to increase the load of the engine (100), so that the engine (100) operates in an range with better BSFC;

while the engine (100) is running in heavy load operation range in case of start-up or emergency acceleration, the controllable clutch (301) is operated to close, power is released from the rechargeable device (304) to drive the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a motor through the control device (303) to help the engine drive the load for achieving energy saving purposes;

wherein;

the controllable clutch (301) comprises a clutching device driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or a one-way transmission disposed between the power allotment device (111) and the revolving electric machine (302);

the revolving electric machine (302) comprises an internal or external rotation type of AC or DC, brush or brushless, synchronous or asynchronous revolving electric machine, said revolving electric machine (302), containing magnetic field and a rotor is operated as a generator to charge a rechargeable device (304), and is operated as a motor by the power from the rechargeable device (304) through control by the controllable device (303);

the control device (303) comprises a dynamo-electric, electronic, or power type solid status electronic device to control the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a generator, and to control output voltage, amperage or polarity, or control its frequency or phase sequence when operating in an AC power generation system; and

the rechargeable device (304) comprises any rechargeable battery, capacitor, super-capacitor, or fuel cell to recharge or release electric energy.

9. The power system of claim 1, wherein the rear-end output gearbox (1033) consists of a transmission of fixed transmission ratio, speed increase or reduction as required, and an inverse output for inverse gear function adapted as required to output for driving a load, or driving two loads that engage in differential operation.

10. The power system of claim 9, wherein the power system provides any or all of the following functions:

(a) stand-by function;

wherein the engine (100) may be killed or idling at low rpm, the clutch (101) is in released status; and

the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is at its Stop position;

(b) start→

low speed→

medium speed drive function;

wherein the engine (100) runs at or approximately at a fixed speed to operate within an rpm range of better BSFC efficiency, the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) produces output from low rpm accelerated to medium rpm to drive a load through the active control via the manual control interface (104) or indirectly by the drive control interface (105);

(c) medium speed→

high speed or greater torque drive function;

wherein if the system requires drive output function at higher speed or greater torque, the engine (100) engages in the variable operation within a range of comparatively higher rpm through control by the drive interface device (105) controlling the manual operation interface (104) so as to increase rpm or torque;

meanwhile, the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is directly subject to control by the manual operation interface (104) or by the active control device (1020) to make the output of relatively variable speed ratio when the output from controllable front-end gearbox (102) reaches a preset rpm or torque;

if the system is provided with a rear-end output gearbox (103), the output of relatively variable speed ratio is made by means of controlling the speed ratio of the rear-end gearbox (103);

(d) engine braking function;

wherein, the engine (100) rpm is reduced by the operating the manual operation interface (104) and the drive control interface (105), the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and inertia from a load side is transmitted in reverse back to the engine (100) for the engine (100) to execute braking by internal friction; and

(e) reverse gear function;

wherein the engine (100) runs at or approximately at a fixed speed to operate within the rpm range of better BSFC efficiency, the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) engages in reverse drive by operating the manual operation interface (104);

the reverse drive is a transmission provided with reverse gear to be disposed at the output end or to the controllable front-end gearbox (102) that is controllable to engage in reverse output.

11. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the rear-end output gearbox (1035) consists of a manual gearbox provided with step gearshift function, or a manual step provided with step automatic transmission function, or a gearbox provided with stepless function directly operated by hand to output for driving a load, or driving two loads that engage in differential operation.

12. The power system of claim 11, wherein the power system provides any or all of the following functions:

stand-by function;

wherein the engine (100) may be killed or idling at low rpm, the clutch (101) is in released status; and

the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is at its Stop position;

(b) start→

low speed→

medium speed drive function;

wherein the engine 100 runs at or approximately at a fixed speed to operate within an rpm range of better BSFC efficiency, the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) produces output from low rpm accelerated to medium rpm to drive a load through the active control via the manual control interface (104) or indirectly by the drive control interface (105), and further to drive a load through the rear-end output gearbox (1035) comprised of a gearbox provided with manual step gearshift, or manual automatic transmission step gearshift, or manual stepless function;

(c) medium speed→

high speed drive function;

wherein if the system is provided with the function of high speed drive output, the engine (100) is accelerated from medium speed up to high speed to drive a load through operation of the manual operation interface (104) and operation of the drive control interface (105), and further to drive a load through the rear-end output gearbox (1035);

(d) engine braking function;

wherein the engine (100) speed is reduced by the operating the manual operation interface (104) and the drive control interface (105), the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and inertia from the load side is transmitted in reverse back to the engine (100) for the engine (100) to execute braking by internal friction; and

(e) reverse gear function;

wherein the engine (100) runs at or approximately at a fixed speed to operate within the rpm range of better BSFC efficiency, the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) engages in reverse drive by operating the manual operation interface (104);

the reverse operation is a transmission provided with reverse gear to be disposed at the output end or to the controllable front-end gearbox (102) or the rear-end output gearbox (1035) that is controllable to engage in reverse output.

13. The power system of claim 1, wherein:

the rear-end gearbox (1037) consists of a microprocessor controlled or other automatic transmission operated step or stepless gearbox to output for driving a load, or driving two loads that engage in differential operation.

14. The power system of claim 13, wherein the power system provides any or all of the following functions:

(a) stand-by function;

wherein the engine (100) may be killed or idling at low speed, the clutch (101) is in released status; and

the controllable front-end gearbox (102) is at its Stop position;

(b) start→

low speed→

medium speed drive function;

wherein the engine (100) runs at or approximately at a fixed speed to operate within an rpm range of better BSFC efficiency, the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) produces output from low rpm accelerated to medium rpm to drive a load through the active control via the manual control interface (104) or indirectly by means of the drive control interface (105); and

further to drive a load through the rear-end output gearbox (1037);

(c) medium speed→

high speed drive function;

wherein if the system is provided with the function of high speed drive output, the engine (100) is accelerated from medium speed up to high speed to drive a load through the operation of the manual operation interface (104) and the operation of the drive control interface (105), and further to drive a load through the rear-end output gearbox (1037);

(d) engine braking function;

wherein the engine (100) speed is reduced by the operating the manual operation interface (104) and the drive control interface (105), the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and inertia from a load side is transmitted in reverse back to the engine (100) for the engine (100) to execute braking by internal friction; and

(e) reverse gear function;

wherein the engine (100) runs at or approximately at a fixed speed to operate within the rpm range of better BSFC efficiency, the clutch (101) is in its closed status, and the controllable front-end gearbox (102) engages in reverse drive by operating the manual operation interface (104);

the reverse operation is provided by a transmission provided with reverse gear to be disposed at the output end or to the controllable front-end gearbox (102) that is controllable to engage in reverse output.

15. The power system of claim 1, wherein

the system is further applied in a multiple output power train to drive a load, the engine drives multiple output power trains that allow active control of gearshift to further drive loads respectively allotted to each output power train;

and the system further comprises;

a power allotment device (111);

a second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

), whereas the controllable front-end gearbox recited in claim 1 constitutes a first controllable front-end gearbox, and wherein the first and second controllable front-end gearboxes (102), (102′

) are respectively driven by two output ends of the power allotment device (111);

whereas the active control device recited in claim 1 is a first active control device, a second active control device (1020′

) related to a physical structure that produces activated displacement when driven by a mechanical structure, electro-mechanical structure, air pressure, hydraulic, coil, vacuum suction, electromagnetic attraction or rejection, or any other control device so as to put under the control by manual, mechanical force, electric signal or photo signal for executing active control of the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

) to engage in relative change in transmission ratio;

whereas the rear-end output gearbox recited in claim 1 is a first rear-end output gearbox, a second rear-end output gearbox (103′

) with fixed transmission ratio, a step gearshift operated by manual, or a step or stepless automatic gearbox, or a step or stepless gearbox of microprocessor controlled automatic gearshift, including gear, friction gear, pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission; and

the output from the second rear-end gearbox (103′

) may be manually controlled or controlled in automatic transmission by a microprocessor to provide output at higher rpm by changing the transmission ratio from zero-output or a selected output at lower rpm, and its output end is available for driving a load, or driving two loads that may execute differential operation;

the manual operation interface (104) controls the first and second controllable front-end gearboxes (102), (102′

), and the first and second rear-end output gearboxes (103), (103′

) for outputting to drive the load;

the drive control interface (105) controls the first and second active control devices (1020), (1020′

) of the respective first and second controllable front-end gearboxes (102), (102′

) to engage in the operation of related mechanism; and

the power allotment device (111);

to input from its input end rotary motion transmitted from the engine (100) by the clutch (101), and to output the rotary motion from its both output ends;

may be further provided with a clutch function, variable transmission ratio, differential operation between at least two output ends, torque control, or torque limitation to control its incoming and outgoing rotary motion;

said power allotment device (111) may be subject to control by the manual operation interface (104) or the drive control interface (105);

one end of both output ends of the power allotment device (111) is provided for transmitting to the first controllable front-end gearbox (102), and further to respectively drive the adapted first rear-end output gearbox (103) from the output end of the first controllable front-end gearbox (102);

therefore, the first controllable front-end gearbox (102) is subject to the control by the adapted first active control device (1020), which is either directly subject to the active control by the manual operation interface (104), or indirectly subject to the active control by the drive control interface (105) to execute the active control over the transmission ratio of the first controllable front-end gearbox (102);

another end of both output ends of the power allotment device (111) is provided for transmitting to the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

), and further to respectively drive the adapted second rear-end output gearbox (103′

) from the output end of the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

);

therefore, the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

) is subject to the control by the adapted second active control device (1020′

), which is either directly subject to the active control by the manual operation interface (104), or indirectly subject to the active control by the drive control interface (105) to execute the active control over the transmission ratio of the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

);

as required, two or more than two revolving output ends may be disposed at the output end of the power allotment device (111);

said multiple output power trains may be provided in two or more than two sets for executing multiple-wheel drive, e.g., to drive vehicles with four or more than four wheels, or to drive a tracked vehicle.

16. The power system of claim 15, wherein

the first controllable front-end gearbox (102) of a first power train is disposed between the input end to couple the power allotment device (111) and the output end to drive the first rear-end output gearbox (103), so that when the controllable clutch (201) is closed, the input end is coupled to the power allotment device (111) and the output end to drive the first rear-end gearbox (103) to reduce transmission loss via direct coupling to the transmission by means of the controllable clutch (201) without relying upon the first front-end gearbox (102);

said controllable clutch (201) may be provided inside or outside the first controllable front-end gearbox (102). If the controllable clutch is provided externally to the first controllable front-end gearbox (102), the first gearbox (108) is disposed to provide transmission between the input end of the first controllable front-end gearbox (102) and the input end of the controllable clutch (201);

when the externally disposed controllable clutch (201) is closed, the first controllable front-end gearbox (102) executes direct transmission through the controllable clutch (201) between the input end to couple to the power allotment device (111) and the output end to drive the first rear-end output gearbox (103) for promoting the transmission efficiency;

in a second power train, a second controllable clutch (201′

) is disposed to the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

) between the input end to couple the power allotment device (111) and the output end to drive the second rear-end output gearbox (103′

);

when the second controllable clutch (201′

) is closed, directly coupled transmission is achieved between the input end to couple the power allotment device (111) and the output end to drive the second rear-end output gearbox (103′

) for reduction of transmission loss;

said second controllable clutch (201)′

may be provided inside or outside the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

);

if the second controllable clutch is provided externally to the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

), a third gearbox (108′

) is disposed to provide the transmission between the input end of the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

) and the input end of the clutch (201′

);

when the externally disposed second controllable clutch (201′

) is closed, the second controllable front-end gearbox (102′

) executes direct transmission through the second controllable clutch (201′

) between the input end to couple to the power allotment device (111) and the output end to drive the second rear-end output gearbox (103′

) for promoting the transmission efficiency;

two or more than two revolving output ends may be provided at the output end of the power allotment device (111) as required, and the multiple output power train may contain two or more than two power trains to drive multiple wheels, such as drive vehicles with four or more than four wheels, or to drive a tracked vehicle.

17. The power system of claim 16, wherein

the system is applied in power output of multiple output power trains;

a motive power side of a power allotment device (111) of the system to drive a controllable clutch (301) and an inertial flywheel (300), in applying a braking, or where the engine (100) is running with comparatively low load of BSFC (Braking Specific Fuel Consumption), the controllable clutch (301) adapted to the flywheel (300) is closed while rotary kinetic energy from the engine (100) drives the flywheel (300) through the motive power side of the power allotment device (111) and the controllable clutch (301) to operate for storage of rotary kinetic energy to increase the load of the engine (100), so that the engine (100) operates in an range with better BSFC;

while the engine (100) is running in heavy load operation range in case of start-up or emergency acceleration, the controllable clutch (301) is operated to close, power is released from the flywheel (300) to provide auxiliary drive to help the engine (100) drive the load for achieving energy saving purposes;

wherein;

the flywheel (300) comprises a rotary part to execute input and output of free revolution and to input or output the rotary kinetic energy; and

its nature as an inertial revolving object makes it being capable of directly accepting the input or output of rotary kinetic energy, or a front-end gearbox (310) containing various speed ratios may be adapted to the flywheel (300) as required;

the controllable clutch (301) comprises a clutching device driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or a one-way transmission disposed between the power allotment device (111) and the flywheel (300); and

the front-end gearbox (310) comprises a gear, friction gear, pulley, serrated pulley, sprocket, fluidity, electromagnetic transmission, or any other transmission to provide the revolving kinetics.

18. The power system of claim 16, wherein

the system is applied in power output of multiple output power trains;

a motive power side of a power allotment device of the system drives a controllable clutch (301) and a revolving electric machine (302) that operates as a generator or a motor, in applying a braking, or where the engine is running with comparatively low load of BSFC (Braking Specific Fuel Consumption), the controllable clutch (301) is operated to close and the revolving electric machine (302) operates as a generator, and to charge a rechargeable device (304) by means of a control device (303) to increase the load of the engine, so that the engine (100) operates in an range with better BSFC;

while the engine (100) is running in heavy load operation range in case of start-up or emergency acceleration, the controllable clutch (301) is operated to close, power is released from the rechargeable device (304) to drive the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a motor through the control device (303) to help the engine drive the load for achieving energy saving purposes;

wherein;

the controllable clutch (301) comprises a clutching device driven by manual, mechanical, electromagnetic, fluid, or eccentric force, or a one-way transmission disposed between the power allotment device (111) and the revolving electric machine (302);

the revolving electric machine (302) comprises an internal or external rotation type of AC or DC, brush or brushless, synchronous or asynchronous revolving electric machine, said revolving electric machine (302), containing magnetic field and a rotor operates as a generator to charge a rechargeable device (304) by the generated power, and operates as a motor by the power from the rechargeable device (304) through control by the control device (303);

the control device (303) comprises a dynamo-electric, electronic, or power type solid status electronic device to control the revolving electric machine (302) to operate as a generator, and to control output voltage, amperage or polarity, or control its frequency or phase sequence when operating in an AC power generation system; and

the rechargeable device (304) comprises any rechargeable battery, capacitor, super-capacitor, or fuel cell to recharge or release electric energy.