Implantable wireless sensor for pressure measurement within the heart
First Claim
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1. An apparatus comprising:
- an elongated catheter having proximal and distal ends and having a lumen extending therethrough, said lumen having a cross-sectional area;
a push rod slidably disposed within said lumen of said catheter;
said catheter and said push rod being arranged such that there is a recess formed at said distal end of said catheter; and
a flexible sensor for wirelessly determining a physical property in a patient'"'"'s heart chamber, which sensor comprises a self-contained resonant circuit a that is variable in response to said physical property, and said sensor being folded and received within said recess at said distal end of said catheter.
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Abstract
The progress of a endovascular cardiac repair can be monitored by inserting a pressure transducer sensor using a catheter into a chamber of the heart during endovascular repair and then using a small, hand-held read out device to measure pressure easily, safely, inexpensively and accurately. In one aspect a sensor is introduced into the body by the steps of folding or rolling the sensor into a cylinder, loading it into a catheter, and deploying into the heart chamber by allowing it to unroll or unfold, either by itself or facilitated by the incorporation of a super-elastic alloy component.
260 Citations
32 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
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an elongated catheter having proximal and distal ends and having a lumen extending therethrough, said lumen having a cross-sectional area; a push rod slidably disposed within said lumen of said catheter; said catheter and said push rod being arranged such that there is a recess formed at said distal end of said catheter; and a flexible sensor for wirelessly determining a physical property in a patient'"'"'s heart chamber, which sensor comprises a self-contained resonant circuit a that is variable in response to said physical property, and said sensor being folded and received within said recess at said distal end of said catheter.
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2. An apparatus comprising:
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an elongated catheter having proximal and distal ends and having a lumen extending therethrough, said lumen having a cross-sectional area; a push rod slidably disposed within said lumen of said catheter; said catheter and said push rod being arranged such that there is a recess formed at said distal end of said catheter; and a flexible sensor for wirelessly determining a physical property in a patient'"'"'s heart chamber, which sensor comprises a self-contained resonant circuit comprising a capacitor and an inductor, wherein the circuit is variable in response to said physical property, wherein the capacitance of the capacitor is variable in response to the physical property of the patient, wherein the inductor is adapted to allow inductance of a current in the resonant circuit when the sensor is subjected to a time-varying electromagnetic field, and said sensor being folded and received within said recess at said distal end of said catheter.
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3. An apparatus comprising:
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an elongated catheter having proximal and distal ends and having a lumen extending therethrough, said lumen having a cross-sectional area; a push rod slidably disposed within said lumen of said catheter; said catheter and said push rod being arranged such that there is a recess formed at said distal end of said catheter; and a flexible sensor for wirelessly determining a physical property in a patient'"'"'s heart chamber, which sensor comprises a self-contained resonant circuit comprising a capacitor and an inductor, wherein the circuit is variable in response to the physical property of the patient, and wherein the sensor has an anchoring system attached to a flat surface of the sensor, and said sensor being folded and received within said recess at said distal end of said catheter. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A sensor comprising:
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a first layer of material having an upper surface and a lower surface, a first capacitor element disposed on a central portion of said lower surface of said first layer of material; a first inductor element disposed on said lower surface of said first layer of material coplanar with said first capacitor element and electrically connected to said first capacitor element; a second layer of material having an upper surface and a lower surface, said second layer of material being disposed in generally parallel, spaced-apart relation to said first layer of material with said lower surface of said first layer of material and said upper surface of said second layer of material being adjacent one another; a second capacitor element disposed on a central portion of said upper surface of said second layer of material; a second inductor element disposed on said upper surface of said second layer of material coplanar with said second capacitor element and electrically connected to said second capacitor element; a third layer of material extending between said lower surface of said first layer of material and said upper surface of said second layer of material, said third layer of material being interposed between said first and second inductor elements, said third layer of material having an opening formed in a central portion thereof substantially in alignment with said first and second capacitor elements and maintaining said first and second capacitor elements in spaced-apart relation, said opening being dimensioned and configured such that said first and second capacitor elements are moveable toward and away from one another in response to changes in pressure against the upper surface of said first layer of material and the lower surface of said second layer of material; said first and second capacitor elements forming a capacitor, said first and second inductor elements forming an inductor, said capacitor and inductor forming a self-contained resonant circuit, and the capacitance of said resonant circuit being variable in response to changes in pressure in the surrounding environment. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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Specification