Product flow based auto-ID infrastructure

• US 7,482,931 B2
• Filed: 03/12/2007
• Issued: 01/27/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/01/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SAP SE
• Original Assignee: SAP AG (SAP SE)
• Inventors: Lin, Tao
• Primary Examiner(s): PHAM, TOAN NGOC
• Application Number:
  US11/684,734
• Publication Number:
  US 20070156545A1
• Time in Patent Office: 687 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572.1, 340/572.4, 340/539.13, 340/10.1, 340/10.42, 340/5.8, 235/375, 235/376, 235/385, 235/384, 382/103, 705/28, 705/22, 705/50, 705/58, 702/82
• US Class Current: 340/572.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/00 Administration; Management
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/087 Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders

Abstract

A system includes a memory for storing a predetermined path through a plurality of data reading points in a auto-ID system, a plurality of auto-ID tracking devices operable to track an asset at the data reading points, and a processor. The processor is operable to receive data provided from the tracking devices about progress of the asset through the auto-ID system and operable to determine, based on received data indicating that the asset has passed through fewer than all of the plurality of data reading points in the predetermined path, whether or not the progress of asset through the auto-ID system has followed the predetermined path.

Claims

1. A method of tracking an object in a supply chain using an auto-ID node, comprising:

receiving an event associated with an object from a tracking device at an event message dispatcher, the event including an event description, and the event description including an event type, a time stamp, and an event location;

analyzing the event description at the event handler;

transmitting the event to one of a plurality of activity handlers based upon analyzing the event description at the event handler;

searching for a rule in a rule set of a business process workflow model to apply to the event, at a rule engine of the activity handler;

applying the rule to the event at the rule engine;

determining an action to be taken in response to the event at the activity handler based upon applying the rule;

calculating a new expected action for the object based upon the event;

updating static and dynamic data for the object based upon the event description, at an association data management module, the dynamic data including an expected action component storing the calculated new expected action for the object, a current state component storing the event description, and a history component storing data previously stored in the current state component; and

transmitting the action for execution.

2. A method of tracking an object in a supply chain using an auto-ID node, comprising:

receiving an event associated with an object at an event message dispatcher, the event including an event description;

transmitting the event to an activity handler based upon the event description;

comparing the event description to a business process workflow model at the activity handler;

determining an action to be taken in response to the event at the activity handler based upon comparing the event description to the business process workflow;

updating dynamic data for the object based upon the event description, at an association data management module; and

transmitting the action for execution.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the event is received from a tracking device, a human operator, a backend system, or an external auto-ID node.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the event is formatted in a standardized manner.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the event description includes an object identifier, an event type, an event source, a time stamp, an event location, an event subject identifier, and/or other event information.

6. The method of claim 2, further comprising analyzing the event at the event message handler and/or the activity handler.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein the business process workflow model describes anticipated experiences for the object during distribution of the object through a supply chain.

8. The method of claim 2, wherein transmitting the action further comprises notifying a human operator to perform the action, raising an alert, or notifying an external auto-ID node of an activity.

9. The method of claim 2, further comprising updating a status of the activity with respect to the object.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein the business process workflow model includes a set of rules associated with the object indicating different actions to be taken in response to particular conditions or circumstances.

11. The method of claim 2, wherein comparing the event description to the business process workflow model further comprises applying a rule set to the event at a rule engine of the activity handler.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising adding, deactivating or removing a rule set at the rule engine.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein comparing the event description to the business process workflow model further comprises searching for a rule in the rule set to apply to the event.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the rule is a time-limited rule.

15. The method of claim 13, the rule dictates that the object is to be shipped if a quantity drops below a selected amount, wherein the selected amount changes based upon a date.

16. The method of claim 2, wherein comparing the event description to the business process workflow model further comprises:

parsing the event;

calculating selective criteria of a rule or rule set, thereby determining an applicable rule.

17. The method of claim 2, wherein comparing the event description to the business process workflow model further comprises executing a rule by activating the action and/or communicating an action request.

18. The method of claim 2, further comprising updating static data for the object at the association data management module.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the static data is updated periodically or semi-periodically.

20. The method of claim 18, further comprising communicating with a location database, a product database, a business process database, or a resource database, wherein the static data is updated based upon the communication.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the static data includes data that does not change in time, or that infrequently changes in time.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein the static data includes object color or weight data.

23. The method of claim 2, wherein the dynamic data includes data about the object as it progresses through a supply chain.

24. The method of claim 2, wherein the dynamic data includes data that changes in time, that is expected to change in time, or that has changed as the object moves through time.

25. The method of claim 2, wherein the dynamic data includes location data or object color data.

26. The method of claim 2, wherein the dynamic data includes an expected action component, a current state component, and a history component, wherein the expected action component includes anticipated future events for the object, the current state component includes the current state of the event for the object, and the history component includes a list of past events experienced by the object.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the anticipated future event is an acceptance event, a rejection event, a rerouting event, or an end-of-business-process event.

28. The method of claim 26, further comprising calculating a new expected action using the rule engine, wherein updating dynamic data for the object further comprises updating the expected action component with the calculated new expected action, updating the current state component based upon the event description, and updating the history component with data previously stored in the current state component.

29. The method of claim 26, wherein the anticipated future event is a ‘

in transit’

event, a ‘

received shipment’

event, a ‘

shipped’

event, or an ‘

at warehouse’

event.

30. The method of claim 26, wherein, if the list of past events does not include an event received at the previous auto-ID node, the action is a status request of a previous auto-ID node in a predetermined path.

31. The method of claim 2, further comprising configuring the auto-ID node using a configuration and administration module.

32. The method of claim 2, further comprising archiving the event.

33. The method of claim 2, further comprising determining that the activity handler is appropriate based upon the event description.

34. The method of claim 2, further comprising outputting an exception if the activity handler fails to determine an action to be taken in response to the event.

35. The method of claim 2, wherein determining an action to be taken in response to the event further comprises determining, based upon the event indicating that the object has passed through fewer than all of a plurality of auto-ID nodes in a predetermined path, whether or not the progress of the asset has followed the predetermined path.

36. The method of claim 2, wherein comparing the event description to a business process workflow model further comprises comparing a path of the object to a predetermined path.

37. The method of claim 2, wherein the action is a report that an unauthorized object has entered a supply chain, or that an object has been marked for additional inquiry.

38. An auto-ID node for tracking an object in a supply chain, the auto-ID node comprising:

an event message dispatcher configured to;

receive an event associated with an object, the event including an event description, and

transmit the event based upon the event description;

an activity handler configured to;

receive the event from the event message dispatcher,

compare the event description to a business process workflow model handler,

determine an action to be taken in response to the event based upon comparing the event description to the business process workflow, and

transmit the action for execution; and

an association data management module configured to update dynamic data for the object based upon the event description.

39. A computer program product tangibly embodied in a machine-readable storage medium, the computer program product for tracking an object in a supply chain using an auto-ID node, wherein the computer program product comprises instructions that, when read by a machine, operate to cause data processing apparatus to:

receive an event associated with an object at an event message dispatcher, the event including an event description;

transmit the event to an activity handler based upon the event description;

compare the event description to a business process work flow model at the activity handler;

determine an action to be taken in response to the event at the activity handler based upon comparing the event description to the business process workflow;

update dynamic data for the object based upon the event description, at an association data management module; and

transmit the action for execution.