Protection circuit for lithium battery pack serving as tool power source

• US 7,486,049 B2
• Filed: 10/13/2006
• Issued: 02/03/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Wei-Liang Wan
• Original Assignee: Wei-Liang Wan
• Inventors: Wan, Wei-Liang
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane; Adolf
• Assistant Examiner(s): Berhanu; Samuel
• Application Number:
  US11/549,123
• Publication Number:
  US 20080088280A1
• Time in Patent Office: 844 Days
• Field of Search: 320134-136, 361/93.1
• US Class Current: 320/134
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00306 Overdischarge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00309 Overheat or overtemperature protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00711 with introduction of pulses during the charging process
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 of the battery

Abstract

A protection circuit for a lithium battery pack that serves as a power source of a power tool is arranged in the lithium battery pack and connected among a reversal/forward rotation circuit, a speed variation circuit, and a motor of the power tool. During a discharging process, the protection circuit detects battery voltage and temperature and when abnormal events occur, the protection circuit cuts off the discharge current. The protection circuit has a simple structure, low costs, and is easy to incorporate to the currently existing pressing-control circuit of the power tool.

Claims

1. A protection circuit for a lithium battery pack serving as a power source of a power tool, adapted to connect to a reversal/forward rotation circuit, a speed variation circuit, and a motor of the power tool, comprising:

an abnormality control integrated circuit, a first resistor, a second resistor, a power transistor, a first diode, and a second diode, wherein the abnormality control integrated circuit has a power terminal connected to an anode of a lithium battery set constituting in part the battery pack, and connected to a first detection terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit via the first resistor, the first detection terminal being also connected via the second resistor to a negative terminal of the protection circuit, which is further connected to an emitter terminal of the power transistor, the power transistor having a base terminal connected to an output control terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, a collector terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit being connected through the first diode to the anode of the lithium battery set, the second diode being arranged between the emitter and collector of the power transistor, the collector of the power transistor being connected to corresponding throw terminal of a single-pole-tripe-throw switch constituting in part the speed variation circuit of power tool, the abnormality control integrated circuit also having a second detection terminal connected to a pulse width modulation generation circuit that constitutes in part the speed variation circuit of the power tool, the grounding terminal of the protection circuit being connected to second and third throw positions of the single-pole-triple-throw switch of the speed variation circuit.

2. The protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reversal/forward rotation circuit comprises a pair of single-pole-double-throw switches each having two throw terminals coupled to each other respectively and connected to opposite terminals of the motor respectively, a first one of the two single-pole-double-throw switches having a common terminal connected to the anode of the battery set, a second one of the single-pole-double-throw switches having a common terminal connected to the collector of the power transistor of the protection circuit.

3. The protection circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the speed variation circuit further comprises a switch that is controlled to open/close by switching operation of the single-pole-triple-throw switch, and a diode, the single-pole-triple-throw switch having a common terminal connected to a cathode of the battery set, and a first throw position that is open-circuited, the second throw position being connected to a grounding terminal of the pulse width modulation generation circuit and also connected to the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit of the protection circuit, the third throw position being connected to the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, the pulse width modulation generation circuit having an input terminal connected to the anode of the battery set and an output terminal connected to the detection terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, switch that is controlled to open/close by the switching operation of the single-pole-triple-throw switch having a terminal connected to the anode of the battery set and an opposite terminal connected to the third throw position of the single-pole-triple-throw switch, the switch being controlled to close by the switching operation of the single-pole-triple-throw switch to the first throw position, the diode having a positive terminal connected to the anode of the battery set, and a negative terminal connected to the third throw position of the single-pole-triple-throw switch.

4. A protection circuit for a lithium battery pack serving as a power source of a power tool, adapted to connect to a reversal/forward rotation circuit, a speed variation circuit, and a motor of the power tool, comprising:

an abnormality control integrated circuit, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a temperature sensing resistor, a power transistor, a first diode, a second diode, a voltage regulation integrated circuit, and a capacitor, wherein the abnormality control integrated circuit has a power terminal connected to an operation terminal of the voltage regulation integrated circuit, and further connected, through a power terminal of the voltage regulation integrated circuit, to an anode of a lithium battery set constituting in part the battery pack, the operation terminal of the voltage regulation integrated circuit being grounded through the capacitor and being further grounded through the seventh resistor that is in series connection with the temperature sensing resistor, a node point between the seventh resistor and the temperature sensing resistor being connected to a third detection terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, the anode of the lithium battery set being connected to a first detection terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit via the first resistor, the first detection terminal being also connected via the second resistor to a negative terminal of the protection circuit, which is further connected to an emitter terminal of the power transistor, the power transistor having a base terminal connected to an output control terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit via the fifth resistor, a collector terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit being connected through the sixth resistor to the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, the collector of the power transistor being connected through the first diode to the anode of the battery set, the second diode being arranged between the emitter and collector of the power transistor, the collector of the power transistor being connected to corresponding throw terminal of a single-pole-tripe-throw switch constituting in part the speed variation circuit of power tool, the abnormality control integrated circuit also having a second detection terminal connected through the third resistor to a pulse width modulation generation circuit that constitutes in part the speed variation circuit of the power tool, the second detection terminal being also connected to the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit through the fourth resistor, the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit being the same as the grounding terminal of the protection circuit connected to second and third throw positions of the single-pole-triple-throw switch of the speed variation circuit.

5. The protection circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the reversal/forward rotation circuit comprises a pair of single-pole-double-throw switches each having two throw terminals coupled to each other respectively and connected to opposite terminals of the motor respectively, a first one of the two single-pole-double-throw switches having a common terminal connected to the anode of the battery set, a second one of the single-pole-double-throw switches having a common terminal connected to the collector of the power transistor of the protection circuit.

6. The protection circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the speed variation circuit further comprises a switch that is controlled to open/close by switching operation of the single-pole-triple-throw switch, and a diode, the single-pole-triple-throw switch having a common terminal connected to a cathode of the battery set, and a first throw position that is open-circuited, the second throw position being connected to a grounding terminal of the pulse width modulation generation circuit and also connected to the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit of the protection circuit, the third throw position being connected to the grounding terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, the pulse width modulation generation circuit having an input terminal connected to the anode of the battery set and an output terminal connected to the detection terminal of the abnormality control integrated circuit, switch that is controlled to open/close by the switching operation of the single-pole-triple-throw switch having a terminal connected to the anode of the battery set and an opposite terminal connected to the third throw position of the single-pole-triple-throw switch, the switch being controlled to close by the switching operation of the single-pole-triple-throw switch to the first throw position, the diode having a positive terminal connected to the anode of the battery set, and a negative terminal connected to the third throw position of the single-pole-triple-throw switch.