Automated identification and marking of new and changed content in a structured document

• US 7,487,190 B2
• Filed: 08/27/2004
• Issued: 02/03/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/27/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Burnard, Keith A, Black, Jason E.
• Primary Examiner(s): LEROUX, ETIENNE PIERRE
• Application Number:
  US10/927,676
• Publication Number:
  US 20060047682A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,621 Days
• Field of Search: 707/1, 707/2, 707/200, 707/102, 707/203, 726/22, 719/310
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/143 Markup, e.g. Standard Generalized Markup Language [SGML] or Document Type Definition [DTD]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/197 Version control for software G06F8/71

Abstract

A method for indicating changes in a structured document includes identifying a new topic or a modified topic in an updated version of a structured document having one or more topics, generating a table of contents having one or more topic entries associated with the one or more topics, marking a topic entry associated with the new topic or the modified topic with a marker indicating that the associated topic is new or modified. A system includes an unmarked table of contents having an entry associated with a unit of updated topic content, and a marking module marking the entry if the unit of updated topic content has changed or the unit of updated topic content comprises a new topic.

Claims

1. An automatic method of indicating changes in a structured document implemented via a computer, the method comprising:

determining that a unit of content in an updated version of a structured document and a related unit of content in a previous version of the structured documents are associated with the same entry, wherein determining comprises;

accessing a base topic set having a single topic identifier associated with each unit of content in the previous version of the structured document;

accessing an undated topic set having a single topic identifier associated with each unit of content in the updated version of the structured document;

identifying a particular topic identifier in the updated topic set that corresponds to the same particular topic identifier in the base topic set

comparing the unit of content associated with the particular topic identifier in the updated version of the structured document with the related unit of content associated with the particular topic identifier in the previous version of the structured document to determine whether the unit of content in the updated version of the structure document has been modified with respect to the related unit of content in the previous version of the structure document;

generating a table of contents associated with the updated version of the structured document, the table of contents having one entry associated with each unit of content in the updated version of the structured document; and

marking a first entry in the table of contents if the unit of content associated with the first entry has been modified a predetermined degree from a previous version of the content, wherein the predetermined degree is represented by a difference metric as determined by a content comparator, such that;

in an event that the difference is counted as a modification, the difference metric represents each change in words, tags, and formatting, wherein the changes comprise changes in font, color, size, inserted content, and deleted content between the respective units of content in the updated version of the structured document and the previous version of the structured document; and

in an event that not all differences are counted as modifications, changes are classified by type such that changes of meaning are classified in a different type than changes in form, wherein changes in form include rephrasing that does not change the meaning of the content, and the difference metric represents the number of changes of meaning within each unit of content.

2. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising determining whether a modification in a unit of content associated with a marked entry is a relevant modification.

3. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising classifying one or more modifications in a unit of content associated with a marked entry by a modification type.

4. A method as recited in claim 1 further comprising:

generating an unmarked table of contents including one or more topic identifiers associated with the one or more units of content, wherein the unmarked table of contents serves as a previous version of the table of contents when changes are next indicated in the one or more units of content associated with the one or more topic identifiers;

generating a set of one or more updated topic identifiers, each updated topic identifier being uniquely associated with one of the one or more units of content in the updated version of the structured document;

associating each of the one or more topic identifiers in the unmarked table of contents with each of the one or more updated units of content.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause a computer to perform a process comprising:

determining that a unit of content in an updated version of a structured document and a related unit of content in a previous version of the structured document are associated with the same entry, wherein determining comprises;

accessing a base topic set having a single topic identifier associated with each unit of content in the previous version of the structured document;

accessing an updated topic set having a single topic identifier associated with each unit of content in the updated version of the structured document;

identifying a particular topic identifier in the updated topic set that corresponds to the same particular topic identifier in the base topic set;

comparing the unit of content associated with the particular topic identifier in the updated version with the related unit of content associated with the particular topic identifier in the previous version to determine whether the unit of content in the updated version has been modified with respect to the related unit of content;

generating a table of contents associated with the updated version of the structured document, the table of contents having one entry associated with each unit of content in the updated version of the structured document; and

marking a first entry in the table of contents if the unit of content associated with the first entry has been modified a predetermined degree from a previous version of the content, wherein the predetermined degree is represented by a difference metric as determined by a content comparator, such that;

in an event that the difference is counted as a modification, the difference metric represents each change in words, tags, and formatting, wherein the changes comprise changes in font, color, size, inserted content, and deleted content between the respective units of content in the updated version and the previous version; and

in an event that not all differences arc counted as modifications, changes are classified by type such that changes of meaning are classified in a different type than changes in form, wherein changes in form include rephrasing that does not change the meaning of the content, and the difference metric represents the number of changes of meaning within each unit of content.

6. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 5 wherein the generating comprises generating an unmarked table of contents associated with the updated version of the structured document.

7. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 5 wherein the process further comprises combining the table of contents with the one or more units of content to generate the updated version of the structured document.

8. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 5 further comprising marking a second entry in the table of contents if the unit of content associated with the second entry is a new unit of content with respect to a previous version of the structured document, wherein a new unit of content corresponds to a unit of content which had not previously been addressed.

9. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 5 wherein marking the first entry comprises displaying a symbol near the first entry, the symbol indicating that the associated unit of content has been modified.

10. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 8 wherein marking the second entry comprises displaying a symbol near the second entry, the symbol indicating that the associated unit of content is new.

11. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 8 wherein marking the first entry and the second entry comprises presenting a symbol near each of the first entry and the second entry, the symbol indicating that the units of content associated with the first entry and the second are either new or modified.

12. A computer-readable storage medium as recited in claim 10 wherein the marking further comprises:

marking each entry in the table of contents in an event that the unit of content associated with the entry has been modified the predetermined degree from a previous version of the content, such that;

in an event that the predetermined degree indicates not less than a threshold number of changes in the unit of content is represented by the difference metric as determined by a content comparator, the associated topic identifier is copied in a list of modified topics; and

in an event that the predetermined degree indicates not less than a threshold percentage of change in the unit of content is represented by the difference metric as determined by a content comparator, the associated topic identifier is copied in a list of modified topics generated by a modified content identification module.

13. A system comprising:

means for storing one or more units of content included in an updated version of a structured document;

means for updating a table of contents having an entry associated with each unit of content;

means for automatically generating a list of modified topics comprising means for determining that a unit of content in the updated version of the structured document and a related unit of content in a previous version of the structured document are associated with the same entry, wherein the means for determining comprises;

means for accessing a base topic set having a single topic identifier associated with each unit of content in the previous version of the structured document;

means for accessing an updated topic set having a single topic identifier associated with each unit of content in the updated version of the structured document;

means for identifying a particular topic identifier in the updated topic set that corresponds to the same particular topic identifier in the base topic set;

means for comparing the unit of content associated with the particular topic identifier in the updated version of the structured document with the related unit of content associated with the particular topic identifier in the previous version of the structured document, to determine whether the unit of content in the updated version of the structured document has been modified with respect to the related unit of content in the previous version of the structured document;

means for generating a table of contents associated with the updated version of a structured document, the table of contents having one entry associated with each unit of content in the updated version of the structured document; and

means for automatically marking a first entry in the table of contents indicating that the unit of content associated with the first entry has been modified a predetermined degree from a previous version of the content, wherein the predetermined degree is represented by a difference metric as determined by a content comparator, such that;

in an event that the each difference is counted as a modification, the difference metric represents each change in words, tags, and formatting, wherein the changes comprise changes in font, color, size, inserted content, and deleted content between the respective units of content in the updated version of the structured document and the previous version of the structured document; and

in an event that not all differences are counted as modifications, changes are classified by type such that changes of meaning are classified in a different type than changes in form, wherein changes in form include rephrasing that does not change the meaning of the content. and the difference metric represents the number of changes of meaning within each unit of content.

14. A system as recited in claim 13 wherein the means for identifying comprises a new topic identification module generating a list of new topics.

15. A system as recited in claim 14 wherein the means for marking comprises a table of contents marking module receiving the list of new topics and marking associated entries in the table of contents.