Battery optimization system and method of use
First Claim
1. A battery optimization system for determining the total electrical charge capacity of individual cells and for maintaining all cells at the same percentage of their individual charge capacity in a battery made of a number of electric cells connected in series so as to optimize the output capacity of the battery, comprising:
- one fixed current output DC/DC convertor circuit per individual cell for inputting a charging current to each said cell;
one DC/DC convertor switch per individual DC/DC convertor, that when actuated, enables the input flow of electric current to said DC/DC convertor;
a charging circuit adapted for supplying charge to the battery and to each DC/DC convertor when said DC/DC convertor switch is actuated;
one charging current sensor;
one load current sensor;
one charging disconnect switch that when actuated by a third actuation signal disconnects said charging circuit from said battery;
one cell temperature sensor per individual cell;
one microcontroller unit per individual cell for measuring the voltage of said cell and the temperature from said temperature sensor of each said cell, storing and transmitting data of said cell voltage and temperature to a processing unit, and adapted for actuating said DC/DC convertor switch in response to a first actuation signal from said processing unit;
a battery disconnect switch that when actuated by a second actuation signal disconnects any load from said battery;
a processing unit that receives and analyses simultaneously taken data input from all said microcontroller units, said charging current sensor and said load current sensor, and by the application of algorithmic programs generates and sends any combination of said first actuation signal to any of said microcontroller, said second actuation signal to said battery disconnect switch and said third actuation signal to said charger disconnect switch, and adjusts the current output of said charging circuit so as to maintain all cells at the same percentage of their total electrical charge capacity; and
wherein said processing unit is a microcomputer; and
wherein said first actuation signal sent to any of said microcontrollers by said processing unit is determined by comparison of the present state of charge of a cell to said previously determined total electrical charge capacity of said same cell with respect to the total time and amount of current used by the battery since a last charging.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a microprocessor controlled battery management system that optimizes the total electrical capacity of that battery. It uses localized cell power sources that correct the capacity of the individual connected cells to achieve the maximum capacity of the battery as it acts in a synergistic series connection of cells. The microprocessor retrieves data of battery load current, cell voltage, cell temperature, and battery charger current in timed increments. Through the application of the microprocessor'"'"'s algorithms, after an initial cell profiling of individual cell capacities has been performed, individual cell DC/DC converters are enabled to correct the condition of the individual cells. In this manner the battery capacity is not affected by the capacity of the weakest cell.
91 Citations
5 Claims
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1. A battery optimization system for determining the total electrical charge capacity of individual cells and for maintaining all cells at the same percentage of their individual charge capacity in a battery made of a number of electric cells connected in series so as to optimize the output capacity of the battery, comprising:
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one fixed current output DC/DC convertor circuit per individual cell for inputting a charging current to each said cell; one DC/DC convertor switch per individual DC/DC convertor, that when actuated, enables the input flow of electric current to said DC/DC convertor; a charging circuit adapted for supplying charge to the battery and to each DC/DC convertor when said DC/DC convertor switch is actuated; one charging current sensor; one load current sensor; one charging disconnect switch that when actuated by a third actuation signal disconnects said charging circuit from said battery; one cell temperature sensor per individual cell; one microcontroller unit per individual cell for measuring the voltage of said cell and the temperature from said temperature sensor of each said cell, storing and transmitting data of said cell voltage and temperature to a processing unit, and adapted for actuating said DC/DC convertor switch in response to a first actuation signal from said processing unit; a battery disconnect switch that when actuated by a second actuation signal disconnects any load from said battery; a processing unit that receives and analyses simultaneously taken data input from all said microcontroller units, said charging current sensor and said load current sensor, and by the application of algorithmic programs generates and sends any combination of said first actuation signal to any of said microcontroller, said second actuation signal to said battery disconnect switch and said third actuation signal to said charger disconnect switch, and adjusts the current output of said charging circuit so as to maintain all cells at the same percentage of their total electrical charge capacity; and wherein said processing unit is a microcomputer; and wherein said first actuation signal sent to any of said microcontrollers by said processing unit is determined by comparison of the present state of charge of a cell to said previously determined total electrical charge capacity of said same cell with respect to the total time and amount of current used by the battery since a last charging. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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Specification