Down-converting electromagnetic signals, including controlled discharge of capacitors
DC CAFCFirst Claim
1. An apparatus for down-converting an electromagnetic signal, comprising:
- a first and second capacitor each having a first and second port;
a first and second switching device each having a first, second, and third port; and
a first and second impedance device each having a first and second port, whereinthe second port of the first capacitor is electrically coupled to the second port of the first switching device and the second port of the first impedance device,the second port of the second capacitor is electrically coupled to the second port of the second switching device and the second port of the second impedance device, andthe first port of the first switching device is electrically coupled to the first port of the second switching device and the first port of the first and second impedance devices, and whereina first switching signal is applied to the third port of the first switching device, anda second switching signal is applied to the third port of the second switching device.
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Abstract
Methods, systems, and apparatuses, for down-converting and up-converting an electromagnetic signal. In embodiments the invention operates by receiving an EM signal and recursively operating on approximate half cycles of the carrier signal. The recursive operations can be performed at a sub-harmonic rate of the carrier signal. The invention accumulates the results of the recursive operations and uses the accumulated results to form a down-converted signal. In embodiments, up-conversion is accomplished by controlling a switch with an oscillating signal, the frequency of the oscillating signal being selected as a sub-harmonic of the desired output frequency. When the invention is being used in the frequency modulation or phase modulation implementations, the oscillating signal is modulated by an information signal before it causes the switch to gate the bias signal. The output of the switch is filtered, and the desired harmonic is output.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. An apparatus for down-converting an electromagnetic signal, comprising:
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a first and second capacitor each having a first and second port; a first and second switching device each having a first, second, and third port; and a first and second impedance device each having a first and second port, wherein the second port of the first capacitor is electrically coupled to the second port of the first switching device and the second port of the first impedance device, the second port of the second capacitor is electrically coupled to the second port of the second switching device and the second port of the second impedance device, and the first port of the first switching device is electrically coupled to the first port of the second switching device and the first port of the first and second impedance devices, and wherein a first switching signal is applied to the third port of the first switching device, and a second switching signal is applied to the third port of the second switching device. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method for down-converting an electromagnetic signal, comprising the steps of:
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(1) receiving an information signal; (2) inverting the information signal to generate an inverted information signal; (3) electrically coupling the information signal to a first capacitor and the inverted information signal to a second capacitor; (4) controlling a charging and discharging cycle of the first and second capacitors with first and second switching devices electrically coupled to the first and second capacitors, respectively; and (5) performing a plurality of charging and discharging cycles of the first and second capacitors to generate first and second down-converted information signals across first and second impedance devices, respectively; wherein the information signal is used to store a charge on the first capacitor when the first switching device is closed and the inverted information signal is used to store a charge on the second capacitor when the second switching device is closed. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification