Ultrasonic medical device and associated method

• US 7,497,828 B1
• Filed: 02/28/2000
• Issued: 03/03/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: WILK Ultrasound of Canada Incorporated
• Original Assignee: WILK Ultrasound of Canada Incorporated
• Inventors: Wilk, Peter J., Weber, Peter T., Nohara, Timothy J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US09/514,928
• Time in Patent Office: 3,291 Days
• Field of Search: 600443-448, 600454-456, 600/442, 600/460, 600/459, 600/437, 128/916, 73625-626, 736/28
• US Class Current: 600/443
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3403 Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3413 guided by ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3492 against the outside of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/378 using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6804 Garments; Clothes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/00 Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves imaging of objects using sonar G01S15/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/08 Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings A61B8/02 - A61B8/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/13 Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4227 characterised by straps, belts, cuffs or braces
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4281 characterised by sound-transmitting media or devices for coupling the transducer to the tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4494 characterised by the arrangement of the transducer elements devices for short-range imaging using particular transducer elements arrangements under G01S15/8909; arrangements of transducers in generation of mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency B06B1/0607
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/483 involving the acquisition of a 3D volume of data
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/916 Ultrasound 3-D imaging

Abstract

A medical system includes a carrier and a multiplicity of electromechanical transducers mounted to the carrier, the transducers being disposable in effective pressure-wave-transmitting contact with a patient. Energization componentry is operatively connected to a first plurality of the transducers for supplying the same with electrical signals of at least one pre-established ultrasonic frequency to produce first pressure waves in the patient. A control unit is operatively connected to the energization componentry and includes an electronic analyzer operatively connected to a second plurality of the transducers for performing electronic 3D volumetric data acquisition and imaging (which includes determining three-dimensional shapes) of internal tissue structures of the patient by analyzing signals generated by the second plurality of the transducers in response to second pressure waves produced at the internal tissue structures in response to the first pressure waves. The control unit includes phased-array signal processing circuitry for effectuating an electronic scanning of the internal tissue structures which facilitates one-dimensional (vector), 2D (planar), and 3D (volume) data acquisition. The control unit further includes circuitry for defining multiple data gathering apertures and for coherently combining structural data from the respective apertures to increase spatial resolution. When the data gathering apertures are contained in a flexible web or carrier so that the instantaneous positions of the data gathering apertures are unknown, a self-cohering algorithm is used to determine their positions so that coherent aperture combining can be performed.

Claims

1. A medical method comprising:

providing a carrier holding a multiplicity of electromechanical transducers defining respective data gathering apertures;

placing said carrier and a patient adjacent to one another so that said transducers are disposed in effective pressure-wave-transmitting contact with the patient;

supplying a first plurality of said transducers with electrical signals of at least one pre-established ultrasonic frequency to produce first pressure waves in the patient;

receiving, via a second plurality of said transducers, second pressure waves produced at internal tissue structures of the patient in response to said first pressure waves; and

performing electronic 3D volumetric data acquisition and imaging of said internal tissue structures by analyzing signals generated by said second plurality of said transducers in response to said second pressure waves,

the analyzing of signals generated by said second plurality of said transducers including coherently combining structural data from the respective data-gathering apertures,

said carrier including a plurality of rigid substrates containing said data-gathering apertures, the coherently combining of structural data from the respective data-gathering apertures including determining relative positions and orientations of said substrates relative to one another,

the determining of relative positions and orientations of said substrates including executing computations according to a self-cohering algorithm.

2. The method defined in claim 1 wherein each of said substrates is provided with a plurality of point scatterers, the determining of relative positions and orientations of said substrates including periodically scanning said point scatterers with ultrasonic pressure waves and calculating instantaneous positions of said point scatterers.

3. The method defined in claim 2 wherein the determining of relative positions and orientations of said carriers includes executing computations according to a self-cohering algorithm.

4. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the determining of relative positions and orientations of said carriers includes periodically energizing at some of said transducers with at least one predetermined electrical frequency and calculating instantaneous positions of the transducers so energized.

5. A medical scanning method comprising:

providing a plurality of electromechanical sensors disposed in data-gathering arrays or apertures on respective rigid substrates mounted to a flexible carrier;

disposing said carrier in relation to a patient;

after the disposing of said carrier, activating said sensors to effectuate a solely electronic ultrasonic-wave scan of internal organic structures of the patient resulting in encoded three-dimensional structural data pertaining to the internal organic structures, the activating of said sensors including exciting said sensors to define said data-gathering arrays or apertures;

the activating of said sensors including generating a plurality of tissue-scanning beams via respective ones of said data-gathering arrays or apertures to capture or produce structural data pertaining to said internal organic structures and combining the structural data from said data-gathering arrays or apertures; and

operating on the data from said sensors to produce an electronically encoded three-dimensional model or analog of said internal organic structures.

6. The method defined in claim 5 wherein said three dimensional model is produced from said data alone.

7. The method defined in claim 6, further comprising generating an image of at least one of said internal structures from said model.