Exhaust emission purifying apparatus for engine

• US 7,500,356 B2
• Filed: 07/31/2006
• Issued: 03/10/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 02/02/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. (Isuzu Motors Limited)
• Original Assignee: Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. (Isuzu Motors Limited)
• Inventors: Miyata, Tatsuji, Masaki, Nobuhiko, Hirata, Kiminobu
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran; Binh Q.
• Application Number:
  US11/495,643
• Publication Number:
  US 20070000240A1
• Time in Patent Office: 953 Days
• Field of Search: 602/74, 602/86, 602/95, 602/97, 603/01, 603/03, 239/104, 239/110, 239/121, 222/148, 222/149, 222/150, 222/151
• US Class Current: 60/286
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/2062 Ammonia
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/9431 Processes characterised by a specific device
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 13/009 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 13/0097 the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 13/18 Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2240/20 a flow director or deflector
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2260/14 for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2260/20 for heat or sound protection, e.g. using a shield or specially shaped outer surface of exhaust device
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2450/30 Removable or rechangeable blocks or cartridges, e.g. for filters
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2470/00 Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2560/08 the means being a pressure sensor
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2570/14 Nitrogen oxides
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/02 the substance being ammonia or urea
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/03 the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/005 for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus F01N3/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/2066 Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

An exhaust emission purifying apparatus for an engine having: a reduction catalytic converter disposed in an exhaust system of the engine, for reductively purifying nitrogen oxides in the exhaust emission with a reducing agent; an injection nozzle for injection-supplying the reducing agent to an exhaust upstream side of the reduction catalytic converter in an exhaust pipe of the exhaust system; and a reducing agent supply device supplying the reducing agent to the injection nozzle, in which a recess portion is formed on an inner wall on a lower portion of the exhaust pipe, by concaving a site to which at least the reducing agent injection-supplied from the injection nozzle is attached, and also, a bottom wall of the recess portion is made detachable.

Claims

1. An exhaust emission purifying apparatus for an engine comprising:

a first oxidation catalytic converter disposed in an exhaust system of the engine, for reducing nitrogen monoxide in exhaust emission by an oxidation reaction;

a reduction catalytic converter disposed in said exhaust system of the engine, for reductively purifying nitrogen oxides in exhaust emission with a reducing agent;

a second oxidation catalytic converter for ammonia-slip disposed on a latter stage of said reduction catalytic converter in said exhaust system;

an injection nozzle disposed within an exhaust passage of said exhaust system, for injection-supplying the reducing agent to an upstream side of a flow of exhaust emission with respect to the reduction catalytic converter within an exhaust passage of said exhaust system from a downstream side of the flow of exhaust emission with respect to said first oxidation catalytic converter; and

a reducing agent supply device which supplies the reducing agent to the injection nozzle,

wherein the exhaust passage is provided, in an inner wall of a lower portion thereof, with a recess portion by concaving a given site to which at least the reducing agent injection-supplied via the injection nozzle is attached, and

wherein the recess portion has a bottom wall thereof configured to be detachably assembled.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said recess portion has a width thereof taken in a horizontal direction along an axial direction of the exhaust passage, the width being substantially the same as a width of the exhaust passage taken in a horizontal direction.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a bent portion arranged to extend substantially vertically downward along an exhaust gas flow direction and thereafter to be bent toward a substantially horizontal direction is disposed to an exhaust passage portion extending between the injection nozzle and the reduction catalytic converter, and wherein the recess portion is formed by concaving an inner wall of a lower portion of the bent portion.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heater is provided on a bottom wall of the recess portion for heating the bottom wall up to at least a fusion point of a component of the reducing agent or above.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a thermal insulating material is disposed on an outer face side of the heater for suppressing heat radiation from the heater to the atmosphere.

6. An exhaust emission purifying apparatus for an engine comprising:

a first oxidation catalytic converter disposed in an exhaust system of the engine, for reducing nitrogen monoxide in exhaust emission by an oxidation reaction;

a reduction catalytic converter disposed in said exhaust system of the engine, for reductively purifying nitrogen oxides in exhaust emission with a reducing agent;

a second oxidation catalytic converter for ammonia-slip disposed on a latter stage of said reduction catalytic converter in said exhaust system;

an injection nozzle disposed within an exhaust passage of said exhaust system, arranged for injection-supplying the reducing agent to an upstream side of the exhaust emission flow with respect to the reduction catalytic converter within an exhaust passage of the exhaust system from a downstream side of the exhaust emission flow with respect to said first oxidation catalytic converter; and

a reducing agent supply device arranged for supplying the reducing agent to the injection nozzle,

wherein the apparatus further comprises blocking means which is detachably disposed for blocking an exhaust passage portion between a portion of the exhaust passage, to which the reducing agent injection-supplied from said injection nozzle is attached, and another portion of the exhaust passage, on which at least said reduction catalytic converter is disposed, and a feed port for feeding washing water and a drain port for drainage of the washing water are provided on a wall portion of the exhaust passage at the portion to which said reducing agent is attached.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the blocking means is disposed on each of an upstream side position of the exhaust emission flow and a downstream side position of the exhaust emission flow with the injection nozzle therebetween in the exhaust system.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the blocking means comprises a partitioning plate that is inserted to cross the exhaust passage from an insertion opening portion formed on a part of joining portions at which flanges disposed on a connecting portion on a halfway of the exhaust system are joined together to be opposite to each other, and the partitioning plate is held to be sandwiched between the joining portions of the flanges.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said blocking means is provided with a lock means disposed in the vicinity of the insertion opening portion of said flange joining portions and latched on outer faces of the flanges to be secured in an inserted state between said flanges.

10. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the feed port for the washing water is disposed on an upper wall portion of the exhaust passage, and the drain port for the washing water is disposed on a bottom wall portion of the exhaust passage.

11. An exhaust emission purifying apparatus for an engine comprising:

a first oxidation catalytic converter disposed in an exhaust system of the engine, for reducing nitrogen monoxide in exhaust emission by an oxidation reaction;

a reduction catalytic converter disposed in said exhaust system of the engine, for reductively purifying nitrogen oxides in exhaust emission with a reducing agent;

a second oxidation catalytic converter for ammonia-slip disposed on a latter stage of said reduction catalytic converter in said exhaust system;

an injection nozzle disposed within an exhaust passage of said exhaust system, arranged for injection-supplying the reducing agent to an upstream side of the exhaust emission flow with respect to the reduction catalytic converter within an exhaust passage of the exhaust system from a downstream side of the exhaust emission flow with respect to said first oxidation catalytic converter; and

a reducing agent supply device arranged for supplying the reducing agent to the injection nozzle,

wherein the apparatus is further provided with a detachable structure formed in the exhaust passage at a portion thereof to which the reducing agent injection-supplied from said injection nozzle is attached.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portion to which the reducing agent is attached in the exhaust passage is configured by said injection nozzle, said injection nozzle being arranged to be mounted on but detachable from the exhaust passage.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portion to which the reducing agent is attached in the exhaust passage, is a given portion of the exhaust passage, which extends by a predetermined length from the vicinity of the injection nozzle on the downstream side of the exhaust emission flow, said given portion of the exhaust passage is configured to be detachable.

14. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portion to which the reducing agent is attached in the exhaust passage, is a given portion of the exhaust passage, which extends from the vicinity of the injection nozzle on the downstream side of the exhaust emission flow to the vicinity of an inlet portion of said reduction catalytic converter, said given portion of the exhaust passage is configured to be detachable.

15. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portion to which the reducing agent is attached in the exhaust passage, is a given portion of the exhaust passage, which extends by a predetermined length from the vicinity of said injection nozzle on an upstream side of the exhaust emission flow toward a downstream side of the exhaust emission flow, said given portion of said exhaust passage is configured to be detachable.

16. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the portion to which the reducing agent is attached in the exhaust passage, is a given portion of the exhaust passage, which extends from the vicinity of said injection nozzle on an upstream side of the exhaust emission flow to the vicinity of an inlet portion of said reduction catalytic converter, said given portion of the exhaust passage is configured to be detachable.

17. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said injection nozzle is configured to be detachable from the given portion of the exhaust passage that is per se configured to be detachable.

18. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising:

deposition detecting means for detecting that the reducing agent supplied from said injection nozzle into the exhaust passage is attached due to depositing thereof onto the inside of the exhaust passage; and

alarm means for alarming of the attachment deposition of the reducing agent based on a detection signal from the deposition detecting means.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the deposition detecting means is configured to measure an exhaust emission pressure difference between the upstream side of said injection nozzle along the exhaust emission flow and a downstream side of a site where the reducing agent is attached to be deposited on the downstream side of said injection nozzle, to thereby detect the attachment of the reducing agent due to deposition thereof.