Cartesian loop transmitter and method of adjusting an output level of such transmitter

• US 7,502,599 B2
• Filed: 05/20/2004
• Issued: 03/10/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 07/04/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Motorola Solutions Israel Ltd. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Avayu, Izak, Ben-Ayun, Moshe, Rozental, Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): Jackson; Blane J
• Application Number:
  US10/563,466
• Publication Number:
  US 20070184789A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,755 Days
• Field of Search: 455/90, 455/115, 455/116, 455/126, 455/127.1, 455/127.2, 455/127.3, 330/107, 330/109, 330/149
• US Class Current: 455/126
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/32 Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion by negative feedback H03F1/34
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/34 Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback H03F1/02 - H03F1/30, H03F1/38 - H03F1/50, H03F3/50 take precedence ; for rejection of common mode signals H03F3/45479
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/336 A I/Q, i.e. phase quadrature, modulator or demodulator being used in an amplifying circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/57 Separate feedback of real and complex signals being present
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages

Abstract

A Cartesian loop transmitter having isolator eliminator circuitry is presented. The isolator eliminator circuitry includes a set of low pass and wide band pass as well as narrow band pass filters for each of I- and Q-channels, root mean square detectors and dividers connected to a means for comparing. Signals from the means for comparing are received by a microprocessor which controls attenuation setting. The output level of the transmitter is adjusted by generating a small signal measuring an on-channel signal level and a small signal level and then calculating a ratio of the small signal to the on-channel signal. The attenuation setting is increased if the ratio exceeds a defined threshold.

Claims

1. A Cartesian loop transmitter having a forward path and a feedback path, each of these paths comprising an I-channel and a Q-channel, as well as an isolator eliminator, said transmitter comprising:

a) a first low pass filter and a first wide band pass filter connected to said I-channel at LP2;

b) a second low pass filter and a second wide band pass filter connected to said Q-channel at LP2;

c) a first root mean square detector collecting signals from said first wide band pass filter;

and from said second wide band pass filter;

d) a second root mean square detector collecting signals from said first low pass filter and from said second low pass filter;

e) a first divider connected to said first and said second root mean square detectors to produce a first ratio using signals from said first and said second root mean square detectors; and

f) a means for comparing connected to said first divider, the means for comparing comparing the first ratio to a first threshold, the means for comparing providing a signal; and

g) a digital system connected to input attenuators on said I- and Q-channels and to the means for comparing, the digital system controlling an attenuation setting of the transmitter based on the signal from the means for comparing.

2. The Cartesian loop transmitter according to claim 1 further comprising:

a) a first narrow band pass filter connected to said I-channel at LP2;

b) a second narrow band pass filter connected to said Q-channel at LP2;

c) a third root mean square detector collecting signals from said first narrow band pass filter and from said second narrow band pass filter; and

d) a second divider connected to said second and said third root mean square detectors and to said means for comparing, the second divider producing a second ratio using signals from said second and third second root mean square detectors, the means for comparing comparing the second ratio to a second threshold.

3. The Cartesian loop transmitter according to claim 1 wherein a memory storing the attenuation setting is connected to said digital system.

4. The Cartesian loop transmitter according to claim 1 wherein a generator generating a small signal at a predefined frequency offset in relation to a transmission channel of the transmitter is connected to said digital system.

5. The Cartesian loop transmitter according to claim 4 wherein said generator is a sine wave generator.

6. The transmitter according to claim 1 wherein the transmitter is operable to provide communications in at least one of the following communication systems:

TETRA, GSM, and IDEN.

7. The transmitter according to claim 1 further comprising attenuators in each of the I- and Q-channel paths, the digital system connected to the attenuators such that the attenuation setting is applied to the attenuators by the digital system.

8. The transmitter according to claim 1 wherein the attenuation is increased if the first ratio is larger than the first threshold.

9. The transmitter according to claim 2 wherein the attenuation is decreased if the second ratio is less than the second threshold.

10. The transmitter according to claim 2 wherein after changing the attenuation setting, the digital system delays calculating the first and second ratios based on next samples by amounts dependent on whether the attenuation setting is increased or decreased.

11. A method of adjusting an output level of a Cartesian loop transmitter in a digital radio system, the method comprising the steps of:

a) generating a small signal at a predefined frequency offset in relation to a transmission channel;

b) applying a factory predefined attenuation setting for adjusting said output level if an attenuation setting for a previous slot is not available, or

c) applying said attenuation setting obtained in previous slot for adjusting said output level in a current slot;

d) measuring an on-channel baseband signal level at LP2;

e) measuring a small signal level of said small signal at a predefined frequency offset at LP2;

f) calculating a first ratio of said small signal level to said on-channel baseband signal level; and

g) increasing an attenuation setting of an input signal if said first ratio is above a first threshold; and

h) storing said attenuation setting of an input signal in a memory.

12. The method according to claim 11 wherein said small signal level is measured after filtering in a wide band pass filter.

13. The method according to claim 11 wherein said on-channel signal level is measured after filtering in a low pass filter.

14. The method according to claim 11 further comprising steps:

e1) measuring said small signal level after filtering in a narrow band pass filter at said predefined frequency offset at LP2;

f1) calculating a second ratio of said small signal level after filtering in said narrow band pass filter to said on-channel baseband signal level; and

g1) reducing said attenuation setting of an input signal if said second ratio is below a second threshold.

15. The method according to claim 14 wherein steps d) through h) are repeated in a loop while said first ratio and said second ratio are between said first and said second thresholds and while there is a modulated signal to transmit.

16. The method according to claim 14 wherein for determining at least one of said first or said second ratio, root mean square values of said on-channel baseband signal level and said small signal level are taken.

17. The method according to claim 14 wherein after increasing said attenuation setting, execution of software is delayed by a first delay, the software calculating said first and said second ratio and increasing said attenuation setting based on next samples.

18. The method according to claim 14 wherein after reducing said attenuation setting, execution of software is delayed by a second delay, the software calculating said first and said second ratio and reducing said attenuation setting based on next samples.

19. The method according to claim 11 wherein said small signal is generated on a level significantly below said on-channel signal level.