Federated multiprotocol communication

• US 7,509,437 B2
• Filed: 03/31/2005
• Issued: 03/24/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: RPX Corporation
• Original Assignee: Rpx-Nw Acquisition LLC (RPX Corporation)
• Inventors: Dowling, Eric Morgan
• Primary Examiner(s): Jean, Frantz B
• Application Number:
  US11/094,129
• Publication Number:
  US 20050169227A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,454 Days
• Field of Search: 709/217, 709/230, 709/249, 709/250, 370/331, 455/432.1, 455/436
• US Class Current: 709/249
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/04 Payment circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/325 using wireless networks
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/327 Short range or proximity payments by means of M-devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0272 Virtual private networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/08 for authentication of entities cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication H04L9/32
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/14 Reselecting a network or an air interface
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/1446 wherein at least one of the networks is unlicensed
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/22 for handling the traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/38 by fixed network equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/245 from a network towards a terminal
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/06 adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Abstract

Methods, apparatus, and business techniques are disclosed for use in distributed communication systems comprising a plurality of communication protocols. In one embodiment a first air interface is used to initiate communication between a wireless client and a remote server at least partially using a first wireless access point. The server sends the wireless client a stub of a distributed object. The stub is used to instantiate an object class. The object class defines an interface that the remote client can use to communicate with the remote server using an upper layer interface. The distributed object stub also provides an implementation of a software radio configuration for a set of lower protocol layers in a second air interface. The wireless client can thereby communicate with a second wireless access point using said second air interface protocol. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are disclosed that focus on toll-tag and electronic-commerce related highway systems, distributed federated wireless access systems, and wide area wireless system capacity augmentation.

Claims

1. A method for use in a system comprising a cellular network coupled to an Internet and a wireless local area network coupled to an Internet, wherein a mobile unit communicates via a packet switched data network at a transport layer or above with a remote server system which determines whether or not a second connection between the mobile unit and the wireless local area network is superior to a first connection between the mobile unit and the cellular network, the method comprising:

establishing the first connection to thereby provide the mobile unit access to a remote application server, at least partially over the Internet, via the first connection, wherein the establishing of the first connection is performed by at least one member of the group consisting of the mobile unit and the cellular network;

establishing an application layer communication interaction between a first peer application program resident in the mobile unit and a second peer application layer program resident in a remote application server that is coupled to the Internet, at least partially via the first connection, using a packet switched data transmission protocol, wherein the establishing of the application layer communication interaction is performed by at least one member of the group consisting of the first peer application program and the second peer application program;

after establishing the application layer communication interaction, the mobile unit receiving from the remote server system, an indication to automatically switch from the first connection to the second connection; and

the mobile unit switching from the first connection to the second connection, in response to the indication, to thereby provide the mobile unit access to the remote application server, at least partially over the Internet, via the second connection;

wherein the switching is performed in a manner which results in continuity of the application layer communication interaction, to thereby provide a seamless application layer handoff between the cellular network and the wireless local area network;

wherein the remote application server and the remote server system are separate and independent.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the packet switched data network is the Internet.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the Internet is a member of the group consisting of the ubiquitous global Internet, a corporate intranet, an intranet, a virtual private network, and a virtual private network that is embedded within another network.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the switching is performed in a manner transparent to a user of the mobile unit.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

executing the first peer application program as a client side application program that communicates with the second peer application layer program via the application layer communication interaction;

performing at least a first client-server interaction with the second peer application layer program, prior to the switching, by interacting with a protocol stack in the mobile unit;

performing at least a second client-server interaction with the second peer application layer program, after the switching, by interacting with the protocol stack; and

implementing the switching, at least in part, by switching at least one portion of a lower layer of the protocol stack from a cellular network air interface protocol software to a wireless local area network air interface protocol software;

wherein the client side application program interacts with the protocol stack at an interface point above the at least one portion of the lower layer of the protocol stack affected by the switching, so that the switching is transparent to the client side application program.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

the mobile unit receiving from the remote server system one or more executable software modules in order to at least partially implement the wireless local area network air interface protocol software.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

the mobile unit receiving from the remote server system one or more executable software modules in order to implement a software feature to be used while interacting with the wireless local area network.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

sending, via the packet switched data network, at the transport layer or above, to the remote server system, an indication that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network;

wherein the indication to automatically switch is received from the remote server system via the packet switched data network, at the transport layer or above.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the indication that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network includes an identification of a set of GPS coordinates indicative of a current location of the mobile unit.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the indication that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network includes an indication that the mobile unit and the wireless local area network have made radio contact.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

the mobile unit making radio contact with the wireless local area network; and

the wireless local area network informing the remote server system, via the packet switched data network, at the transport layer or above, that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile unit communicates via the Internet at the transport layer or above with at least one mobile IP server and the mobile unit uses mobile IP addressing to communicate with the remote application server both before and after the switching.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the remote server system determines whether or not the second connection is superior to the first connection in accordance with the application of an optimization strategy that makes use of information accessed from at least one database; and

the at least one database includes information related to one or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the wireless local area network.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include at least one member of the group consisting of a current network loading condition of the wireless local area network, a currently available quality of service of the wireless local area network, a currently available connection speed of the wireless local area network, and fee data posted on behalf of a service provider associated with the wireless local area network.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one database further includes subscriber-specific information including at least one user preference related to at least one condition under which a user of the mobile unit would prefer the seamless application layer handoff to occur.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the cellular network and the wireless local area network are operated by different service providers.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the remote server system maintains information concerning level of usage by the mobile unit of the cellular network and the wireless local area network.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the remote server system manages apportionment of revenues between the different service providers.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of candidate wireless local area networks are potentially available for the seamless application layer handoff, depending upon a current location of the mobile unit.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the remote server system determines whether or not the second connection is superior to the first connection in accordance with the application of an optimization strategy that makes use of information accessed from at least one database.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the at least one database includes information concerning one or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the information concerning one or more dynamic network operating conditions is provided by different network service providers associated with the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the information concerning one or more dynamic network operating conditions is provided by a single network service provider which operates all of the candidate wireless local area networks.

24. The method of claim 21, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include at least one member of the group consisting of a current network loading condition of each of the candidate wireless local area networks, a currently available quality of service of each of the candidate wireless local area networks, a currently available connection speed of each of the candidate wireless local area networks, and fee data posted associated with each of the candidate wireless local area networks.

25. The method of claim 20, wherein the at least one database includes fee data associated with each of the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks, wherein the fee data is posted in an online marketplace server system accessible by the remote server system.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the fee data associated with the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks includes competing fee data posted by competing service providers which operate different ones of the candidate wireless local area networks.

27. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the remote server system determines whether or not the second connection is superior to the first connection in accordance with the application of an optimization strategy that makes use of information accessed from at least one database; and

the at least one database includes information related to one or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the cellular network and the wireless local area network.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include a current network loading condition of the wireless local area network and a current network loading condition of the cellular network.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include a currently available quality of service of the wireless local area network and a currently available quality of service of the cellular network.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include a currently available connection speed of the wireless local area network, and a currently available connection speed of the cellular network.

31. The method of claim 27, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include fee data associated with the wireless local area network and fee data associated with the cellular network.

32. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote server system acts as an independent agent on behalf of a user of the mobile unit to secure an optimized service across a pool of service providers.

33. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote server system maintains a description of software resources available to the mobile unit, and identifies a subset of the available software resources that are not already present in the mobile unit and that need to be loaded into the mobile unit in order to implement a communication protocol feature provided by the wireless local area network, the method further comprising:

the remote server system sending the identified subset of the available software resources to the mobile unit.

34. A method for use in a system comprising a mobile unit, a cellular network, a wireless local area network coupled to an Internet, and a remote server system, wherein the remote server system communicates via a packet switched data network at a transport layer or above with at least one of the mobile unit, the cellular network, and the wireless local area network, and the remote server system determines, in accordance with the application of an optimization strategy that makes use of information accessed from at least one database, whether or not a second connection between the mobile unit and the wireless local area network is superior to a first connection between the mobile unit and the cellular network, the method comprising:

establishing the first connection to thereby provide the mobile unit access to a remote application server, at least partially over the Internet, via the first connection, wherein the establishing of the first connection is performed by at least one member of the group consisting of the mobile unit and the cellular network;

establishing an application layer communication interaction between a first peer application program resident in the mobile unit and a second peer application layer program resident in a remote application server that is coupled to the Internet, at least partially via the cellular network, using a packet switched data transmission protocol, wherein the establishing of the application layer communication interaction is performed by at least one member of the group consisting of the first peer application program and the second peer application program;

after establishing the application layer communication interaction, the mobile unit receiving at least indirectly in response to the determination by the remote server system, an indication to automatically switch from the first connection to the second connection; and

the mobile unit switching from the first connection to the second connection, in response to the indication, to thereby provide the mobile unit access to the remote application server, at least partially over the Internet, via the second connection;

wherein the switching is performed while maintaining an application layer Internet connectivity between the first and second peer application layer programs, to thereby provide a seamless application layer handoff between the cellular network and the wireless local area network.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the packet switched data network is the Internet.

36. The method of claim 34, wherein the Internet is a member of the group consisting of the ubiquitous global Internet, a corporate intranet, an intranet, a virtual private network, and a virtual private network that is embedded within another network.

37. The method of claim 34, wherein the switching is performed in a manner transparent to a user of the mobile unit.

38. The method of claim 34, further comprising:

executing the first peer application program as a client side application program that communicates with the second peer application layer program via the application layer communication interaction;

performing at least a first client-server interaction with the second peer application layer program, prior to the switching, by interacting with a protocol stack in the mobile unit;

performing at least a second client-server interaction with the second peer application layer program, after the switching, by interacting with the protocol stack; and

implementing the switching, at least in part, by switching at least one portion of a lower layer of the protocol stack from a cellular network air interface protocol software to a wireless local area network air interface protocol software;

wherein the client side application program interacts with the protocol stack at an interface point above the at least one portion of the lower layer of the protocol stack affected by the switching, so that the switching is transparent to the client side application program.

39. The method of claim 38, further comprising:

the mobile unit receiving from the remote server system one or more executable software modules in order to at least partially implement the wireless local area network air interface protocol software.

40. The method of claim 34, further comprising:

the mobile unit receiving from the remote server system one more executable software modules in order to implement a software feature to be used while interacting with the wireless local area network.

41. The method of claim 34, further comprising:

.

sending, via the packet switched data network at the transport layer or above, to the remote server system, an indication that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network.

42. The method according to claim 41, wherein an indication that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network includes an identification of a set of GPS coordinates indicative of a current location of the mobile unit.

43. The method according to claim 41, wherein the indication that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network includes an indication that the mobile unit and the wireless local area network have made radio contact.

44. The method of claim 34, further comprising:

the mobile unit making radio contact with the wireless local area network; and

the wireless local area network informing the remote server system, via the packet switched data network, at the transport layer or above, that the mobile unit is in a coverage area of the wireless local area network.

45. The method of claim 34, wherein the mobile unit communicates via the Internet at the transport layer or above with at least one mobile IP server and the mobile unit uses mobile IP addressing to communicate with the remote application server both before and after the switching.

46. The method of claim 34, wherein the at least one database includes information related to one or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the wireless local area network.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include at least one member of the group consisting of a current network loading condition of the wireless local area network, a currently available quality of service of the wireless local area network, a currently available connection speed of the wireless local area network, and fee data associated with the wireless local area network.

48. The method of claim 34, wherein the at least one database includes information related to One or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the cellular network.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the one or more dynamic network operating conditions include at least one member of the group consisting of a current network loading condition of the cellular network, a currently available quality of service of the cellular network, a currently available connection speed of the cellular network, and fee data associated with the wireless local area network.

50. The method of claim 34, wherein the at least one database includes information related to one or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the cellular network, and one or more dynamic network operating conditions related to the wireless local area network,

51. The method of claim 34, wherein the at least one database includes subscriber-specific information including at least one user preference related to at least one condition under which a user would prefer the seamless application layer handoff to occur.

52. The method of claim 34, wherein the cellular network and the wireless local area network are operated by different service providers.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein the remote server system maintains information concerning level of usage of the cellular network and the wireless local area network.

54. The method of claim 52, wherein the remote server system manages apportionment of revenues between the different service providers.

55. The method of claim 34, wherein a plurality of candidate wireless local area networks are potentially available for the seamless application layer handoff, depending upon a current location of the mobile unit.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein the at least one database includes information concerning one or more dynamic operating conditions related to the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein the information concerning one or more dynamic operating conditions is provided by different service providers associated with the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks.

58. The method of claim 56, wherein the information concerning one or more dynamic operating conditions is provided by a single service provider which operates all of the candidate wireless local area networks.

59. The method of claim 55, wherein the at least one database includes fee data associated with each of the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks, wherein the fee data is posted in an online marketplace system accessible by the remote server system.

60. The method of claim 59, wherein the fee data associated with the plurality of candidate wireless local area networks includes competing fee data posted by competing service providers which operate different ones of the candidate wireless local area networks.

61. The method of claim 34, wherein the remote server system acts as an independent agent on behalf of a user of the mobile unit to secure an optimized service across a pool of service providers.

62. The method according to claim 34, wherein the remote server system maintains a description of software resources available to the mobile unit, and identifies a subset of the available software resources that are not already present in the mobile unit and that need to be loaded into the mobile unit in order to implement a communication protocol feature provided by the wireless local area network, the method further comprising:

the remote server system sending the identified subset of the available software resources to the mobile unit.

63. A method for use in a system comprising a cellular network, a wireless local area network coupled to an Internet, and a remote server system that communicates wit one or more external devices via a packet switched data network at a transport layer or above, the method comprising:

establishing an application layer communication interaction between a first peer application program resident in the mobile unit and a second peer application layer program resident in a remote application server tat is coupled to the Internet, at least partially via the cellular network, using a packet switched data transmission protocol, wherein the establishing of the application layer communication interaction is performed by at least one member of the group consisting of the first peer application program and the second peer application program;

after establishing the application layer communication interaction, the mobile unit receiving, at least indirectly in response to a determination to switch made by the remote server system, an indication to automatically switch a wireless Internet access connectivity from the cellular network to the wireless local area network; and

the mobile unit switching the wireless Internet access connectivity of the mobile unit from the cellular network to the wireless local area network, in response to the indication, wherein the switching is performed at least in part, by switching at least one portion of a lower layer of a protocol stack from a cellular network air interface protocol software to a wireless local area network air interface protocol software;

wherein the first peer application program interacts with the protocol stack at an interface point above the at Least one portion of the lower layer of the protocol stack affected by the switching, so that the switching is transparent to the client side application program and whereby the switching is performed in a manner which results in continuity of the application layer communication interaction, to thereby provide a seamless application layer handoff between the cellular network and the wireless local area network.

64. The method of claim 63, wherein the packet switched data network is the Internet.

65. The method of claim 64, wherein the seamless call handoff is transparent to the user.

66. The method of claim 63, wherein the one or more external devices comprises the mobile unit.

67. The method of claim 63, wherein the one or more external devices comprises the wireless local area network.

68. The method of claim 63, wherein the one or more external devices comprises the cellular network.

69. The method of claim 63, wherein the Internet is a member of the group consisting of the ubiquitous global Internet, a corporate intranet, an intranet, a virtual private network, and a virtual private network tat is embedded into another network.

70. The method of claim 63, wherein the seamless call handoff is managed by the remote server system.

71. The method of claim 70, wherein the wireless local area network and the cellular network are operated by a single service provider.

72. The method of claim 70, wherein the wireless local area network and the cellular network are operated by different service providers.

73. The method of claim 71, wherein the remote server system is operated by the single service provider.

74. The method of claim 72, wherein the remote server system is operated by the different service providers.

75. The method of claim 71, wherein the remote server system is operated by an entity other than the single service provider.

76. The method of claim 72, wherein the remote server system is operated by an entity other than the different service providers.