Multi-series battery control system

• US 7,511,457 B2
• Filed: 04/29/2005
• Issued: 03/31/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Astemo Ltd. (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Shin-Kobe Electric Machinery Company Limited (Resonac Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Sasazawa, Kazuyoshi, Horiba, Tatsuo, Yoshihara, Shigeyuki, Emori, Akihiko, Kudo, Akihiko
• Primary Examiner(s): Ullah; Akm E
• Assistant Examiner(s): RAMADAN, RAMY O
• Application Number:
  US11/117,480
• Publication Number:
  US 20050242667A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,432 Days
• Field of Search: 320/116, 320/118, 320/162, 320/164, 429/320
• US Class Current: 320/118
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/51 Photovoltaic means
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/14 Preventing excessive discharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/18 of two or more battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/19 Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/24 for controlling the temperature of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3835 involving only voltage measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/32 using batteries with converting means
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0016 using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 : Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

A multi-series battery control system comprises a plurality of unit battery cell of which unit consists of multiple battery cells connected in series; a plurality of control IC comprising a control circuit for controlling the unit battery cell; a main controller that sends and receives signal to/from the control ICs via an insulation; means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the control ICs or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to the first signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation; and means for searching contents of the abnormality in the control ICs or the battery cells and sending the abnormality contents signal based on the search, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to the second signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation.

Claims

1. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of control ICs each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a main controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the control ICs via an insulation;

abnormality sensing means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the control ICs or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to an abnormality sensing command outputted from the main controller via the insulation;

voltage sensing means for sending voltage signals of the battery cells, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to a voltage sensing command outputted from the main controller via the insulation; and

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the main controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the control ICs to request the control IC to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the control IC,

wherein said one of the control ICs includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the main controller and,

wherein the main controller includes means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the control ICs to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one control IC to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

2. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 1, wherein the control ICs each comprising:

means for sensing a voltage of each cell comprising the unit battery cell connected with the control IC; and

means for controlling the supply of power from the unit battery cell.

3. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 1, wherein the main controller is grounded with a chassis but the unit battery cells and the control ICs are not grounded with the same ground terminal as the main controller.

13. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 1, wherein the balancing switches are located in the control ICs.

4. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of control ICs each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a main controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the control ICs via an insulation;

means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the control ICs or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to a first signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation;

means for sending an abnormality contents signal of the control ICs or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to a second signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation;

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the main controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the control ICs to request the control IC to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the control IC,

wherein said one of the control ICs includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the main controller and,

wherein the main controller includes means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the control ICs to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one control IC to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

5. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 4, wherein the control ICs each comprising:

means for sensing the voltage of each cell constituting the unit battery cell connected with the control IC; and

means for controlling the supply of power from the unit battery cell.

6. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 4, wherein communication between the main controller and the control ICs is carried out with a duplex communication system so as to send the first signal for requesting abnormality of the control ICs or the battery cells and send the second signal for requesting abnormality contents to the control ICs in case the existence of abnormality is sensed by the abnormality requesting.

7. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 4, wherein the main controller is grounded with chassis but the unit battery cells and the control ICs are not grounded.

14. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 4, wherein the balancing switches are located in the control ICs.

8. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of control IC chips each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a plurality of cell monitor IC chips each monitoring the voltage of one of the unit battery cell;

a plurality of control ICs each including the control IC chip and the cell monitor IC chip;

a main controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the control IC chips via an insulation;

means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the control IC chips or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control IC chips, responding to the first signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation;

means for sending the abnormality contents signal of the control IC chip or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control IC chips, responding to the second signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation; and

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the main controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the control ICs to request the control IC to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the control IC,

wherein said one of the control ICs includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the main controller and,

wherein the main controller includes means for calculating a minimum battery cell voltage out of the battery cell voltage data received from the control IC, means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the control ICs to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one control IC to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

9. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 8, wherein the control IC chips each comprising:

means for sensing the voltage of each cell constituting the unit battery cell connected with the control IC chip; and

means for controlling the supply of power from the unit battery cell.

10. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 8, wherein communication between the main controller and the control IC chips is carried out with a duplex communication system so as to send the first signal for requesting abnormality of the control IC chips or the battery cells and send the second signal for requesting abnormality contents to the control IC chips in case the existence of abnormality is sensed by the abnormality requesting.

11. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 8, wherein the main controller is grounded with a chassis but the unit battery cells, the control IC chips and the cell monitor IC chips are not grounded with the same ground terminal as the main controller.

12. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 8, wherein the cell monitor IC chips each comprising:

means for driving the balancing circuit independently even without receiving a command for driving the balancing circuit from the control IC chip when the voltage variation of each cell constituting the unit battery cell is greater than a specified voltage.

15. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 8, wherein the balancing switches are located in the control ICs.

16. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of first controllers each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a second controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the first controllers via an insulation;

voltage sensing means for sending voltage signals of the battery cells, to the second controller from the first controllers, responding to a voltage sensing command outputted from the main controller via the insulation; and

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the second controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the first controllers to request the first controller to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the first controller,

wherein said one of the first controllers includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the second controller and,

wherein the second controller includes means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the first controllers to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the first corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one first controller to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

17. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 16, wherein each of the first controllers is comprised of an IC and wherein each of the ICs includes at least one of the balancing switches.

22. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 16, wherein the balancing switches are located in the first controllers.

18. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of first controllers each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a second controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the first controllers via an insulation;

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the second controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the first controllers to request the first controller to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the first controller,

wherein said one of the first controllers includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the second controller and,

wherein the second controller includes means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the first controllers to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one first controller to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

19. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 18,

wherein each of the first controllers is comprised of an IC and wherein each of the ICs includes at least one of the balancing switches.

23. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 18, wherein the balancing switches are located in the first controllers.

20. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of first controllers each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a second controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the first controllers via an insulation;

abnormality sensing means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the first controllers or the battery cells, to the second controller from the first controllers, responding to an abnormality sensing command outputted from the second controller via the insulation;

voltage sensing means for sending voltage signals of the battery cells, to the second controller from the first controllers, responding to a voltage sensing command outputted from the second controller via the insulation; and

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the second controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the first controllers to request the first controller to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the first controllers,

wherein said one of the first controllers includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the second controller and,

wherein the second controller includes means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the first controllers to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one first controller to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

24. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 20, wherein the balancing switches are located in the first controllers.

21. A multi-series battery control system comprising:

a plurality of unit battery cells each comprised of multiple battery cells connected in series;

a plurality of first controllers each comprising a control circuit for controlling a corresponding one of the unit battery cells;

a second controller configured to send and receive signals to/from the first controllers via an insulation;

means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the first controllers or the battery cells, to the second controller from the first controllers, responding to a first signal outputted from the second controller via the insulation;

means for sending an abnormality contents signal of the first controllers or the battery cells, to the second controller from the first controllers, responding to a second signal outputted from the second controller via the insulation;

a plurality of balancing switches, each respectively connected to one of the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell,

wherein the second controller includes means for sending a battery cell voltage reading command to one of the first controllers to request the first controller to read the battery cell voltages of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to the first controller,

wherein said one of the first controllers includes means for reading the voltage of each battery cell of the corresponding unit battery cell and for sending battery cell voltage data based on the reading to the second controller and,

wherein the second controller includes means for calculating a discharging time of each of the battery cells of the unit battery cell corresponding to said one of the first controllers to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches coupled to the battery cells of the corresponding unit battery cell to balance the voltages in the battery cells of the unit battery cell, and means for providing commands to said one first controllers to control the ON time of each of the balancing switches in accordance with the calculated discharging time.

25. A multi-series battery control system according to claim 21, wherein the balancing switches are located in the first controllers.