Single board routing arrangement

• US 7,519,735 B1
• Filed: 05/08/2001
• Issued: 04/14/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Juniper Networks Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Juniper Networks Incorporated
• Inventors: Chatzigianis, Antony, Heitkamp, Ross, Ju, Hann-Hwan, Krishnamurthi, Ashok, Kuwabara, Ken
• Primary Examiner(s): Follansbee; John
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tang; Karen C
• Application Number:
  US09/851,363
• Time in Patent Office: 2,898 Days
• Field of Search: 370/392, 370/389, 370/351, 370/388, 370/395.53, 370/419, 370/200, 370/254, 370/236, 709/213, 709/224, 709/243, 709/238, 709/242, 709/420, 361/752, 395/200
• US Class Current: 709/243
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/00 Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks routing or path finding in wireless networks H04W40/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/60 Router architectures

Abstract

A network router employs a single board architecture that includes both a forwarding engine and an interface card concentrator. All of the circuits involved in routing are incorporated into a single board, reducing the system cost of the router. A single processor performs various functions in connection with these circuits, such as management of interface cards and the forwarding engine. In addition to lowering the system cost, the compact architecture allows higher density installation of interface cards.

Claims

1. A routing device comprising:

a midplane;

a power supply coupled to the midplane to supply power along the midplane;

a plurality of removable interface cards removably coupled to the midplane to communicate packets using a network; and

a router module removably coupled to the midplane separate from the plurality of removable interface cards, the router module comprising a packet forwarding engine, memory, a memory management unit, and an interface card concentrator module wherein the packet forwarding engine, memory management unit, and the interface card concentrator module are integrated into a single unit,

wherein the midplane provides power from the power supply to the router module only when the router module is properly inserted into the midplane,

wherein the interface card concentrator module receives packets from at least two of the removable interface cards,

wherein contents of the received packets are stored in the memory,

wherein the memory management unit generates notifications based on keys of the received packets and forwards the notifications to the packet forwarding engine,

wherein the packet forwarding engine performs route lookups for the packets based on the keys in response to the notifications, and

wherein the interface card concentrator module sends the packets from the memory to the removable interface cards as output bound packets based on the route lookups performed by the packet forwarding engine in response to the notifications.

2. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the interface card concentrator assembles the output bound packets from data stored in the memory and forwards the output bound packets to the plurality of removable interface cards.

3. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the interface card concentrator processes inbound packets received from the plurality of removable interface cards to remove the keys from the inbound packets, and stores data from the processed inbound packets in the memory.

4. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the memory comprises an SDRAM device.

5. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the notifications are generated based on extracted information that includes at least one of source address information, destination address information, source port information, and destination port information.

6. The routing device of claim 1,

wherein the packet forwarding engine is configured to select the routes for the packets received from the at least two different ones of the plurality of removable interface cards by referencing a forwarding table based on the extracted information, and

wherein the forwarding table stores the route information for forwarding data packets received from any of the plurality of removable interface cards.

7. The routing device of claim 6, further comprising a routing engine to store a routing table.

8. The routing device of claim 6, further comprising another memory to store the forwarding table.

9. The routing device of claim 6, wherein the memory management unit is configured to forward the packets to the plurality of removable interface cards based on the selected route.

10. The routing device of claim 1, further comprising a redundant router module to process the data packets and to forward the data packets between the removable interface cards in response to malfunction of the router module.

11. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the memory management unit is configured to provide packet data to the packet processing circuit.

12. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the memory is further configured to store output bound data.

13. The routing device of claim 5, wherein the packet forwarding module is configured to select the route by performing a longest prefix match based on the extracted information.

14. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the packet processing circuit is configured to remove an L2 header from an incoming data packet.

15. The routing device of claim 1, wherein the packet processing circuit is configured to build L2 headers for the output bound packets.

16. A routing arrangement comprising:

a crossbar arrangement; and

a plurality of routing devices coupled to the crossbar arrangement, at least one routing device comprising;

a midplane;

a power supply coupled to the midplane to supply power along the midplane;

a plurality of removable interface cards removably coupled to the midplane to communicate data packets using a network; and

a router module removably coupled to the midplane separate from the plurality of removable interface cards,

wherein the midplane provides power to the router module from the power supply, only when the midplane is properly inserted into the midplane,

wherein the router module performs route lookups for a first set of the data packets received from the network by a first one of the removable interface cards and for a second set of the data packets received from the network by a second one of the removable interface cards to select routes for the data packets and to forward the data packets between the removable interface cards,

wherein the router module comprises a system control module that performs the route lookups, memory, a memory management circuit, and at least one concentrator module that receives the data packets from at least the first one and the second one of the removable interface cards, and

wherein the system control module, the memory arrangement circuit, and the concentrator module are integrated into a single unit,

wherein the router module receives packets from at least two of the removable interface cards,

wherein contents of the received packets are stored in the memory,

wherein the memory management circuit generates notifications based on keys of the received packets and forwards the notifications to the system control module,

wherein the system control module performs route lookups for the packets based on the keys in response to the notifications, and

wherein the concentrator module sends the packets from the memory to the removable interface cards as output bound packets based on the route lookups performed by the system control module in response to the notifications.

17. The routing arrangement of claim 16, wherein the memory comprises an SDRAM device.

18. The routing arrangement of claim 16, wherein the memory management circuit is further configured to provide the notifications to the system control module based on information extracted from incoming data packets.

19. The routing arrangement of claim 18, wherein the extracted information includes at least one of source address information, destination address information, source port information, and destination port information.

20. The routing arrangement of claim 18, wherein the system control module is configured to select a route by referencing a forwarding table based on the extracted information, wherein the forwarding table stores the route information for forwarding data packets received from any of the plurality of removable interface cards.

21. The routing arrangement of claim 20, further comprising a routing engine to store a routing table.

22. The routing arrangement of claim 20, further comprising a memory to store the selected route in the forwarding table.

23. The routing arrangement of claim 16, further comprising a redundant router module to process the data packets and to forward the data packets between the interface modules in response to malfunction of the router module.

24. The routing arrangement of claim 16, wherein the router module is configured to select the route by performing a longer prefix match based on the extracted information.

25. The routing arrangement of claim 16, wherein the packet processing circuit is configured to remove an L2 header from an incoming data packet.

26. The routing arrangement of claim 16, wherein the packet processing circuit is configured to build L2 headers and rewrite L3 headers for the output bound packets.

27. The routing arrangement of claim 16, further comprising a redundant router module to process the data packets and to forward the data packets between the interface modules in response to malfunction of the router module.

28. A router comprising a midplane, a plurality of interface cards coupled to the midplane, a power supply to provide power along the midplane, and one hardware board integrally housing an interface concentrator that provides electrical interfaces to connect to the midplane to receive incoming packets from the plurality of interface cards via the midplane, a packet processing circuit, memory, a memory management circuit, and a route lookup circuit separate from the interface cards to perform route lookups to select routes for a first packet and a second of the incoming packets received from a network by different ones of the plurality of interface cards

wherein the midplane is configured to provide power to the one hardware board from the power supply, only when the one hardware board is properly connected to the midplane at the electrical interfaces,

wherein the interface concentrator receives the data packets from at least two of the interface cards,

wherein contents of the received packets are stored in the memory,

wherein the memory management circuit generates notifications based on keys of the received data packets and forwards the notifications to the route lookup circuit,

wherein the route lookup circuit performs route lookups for the data packets based on the keys in response to the notifications, and

wherein the interface concentrator sends the data packets from the memory to the interface cards as output bound packets based on the route lookups performed by the route lookup circuit in response to the notifications.

29. The router of claim 28, wherein the memory management circuit is configured to provide incoming data to the packet processing circuit.

30. The router of claim 28, wherein the memory management circuit is configured to provide a notification to the route lookup circuit based on information extracted from the incoming data packets.

31. The router of claim 30, wherein the extracted information includes at least one of source address information, destination address information, source port information, and destination port information for each of the incoming packets.

32. The router of claim 30, wherein the route lookup circuit is configured to select the routes by referencing a forwarding table based on the extracted information, wherein the forwarding table stores the route information for forwarding data packets received from any of the plurality of interface cards.

33. The router of claim 32, wherein the route lookup circuit is configured to select the route by performing a longest prefix match based on the extracted information.

34. The router of claim 28, wherein the packet processing circuit is configured to remove an L2 header from an incoming data packet.

35. The router of claim 28, wherein the packet processing circuit is configured to build L2 headers and rewrite L3 headers for the output bound packets.

36. A method of manufacturing a routing device, the method comprising:

providing a plurality of interface modules to communicate data packets using a network;

coupling a midplane to the plurality of interface modules;

coupling a power supply to the midplane; and

coupling a single router module to the midplane;

wherein the midplane is configured to provide power to the single router module from the power supply, only when the single router module is properly inserted into the midplane,

wherein the router module is configured to perform route lookups for data packets received from different ones of the interface modules via the midplane to select routes for the packets in accordance with route information associated with the network and forward the packets back to the interface modules by way of the midplane, and

wherein the router module comprises a system control module, memory, a memory management unit, and at least one concentrator module integrated into a single unit separate from the interface modules

wherein the concentrator module receives the data packets from at least two of the interface cards,

wherein contents of the received data packets are stored in the memory,

wherein the memory management circuit generates notifications based on keys of the received data packets and forwards the notifications to the system control module,

wherein the system control module performs route lookups for the data packets based on the keys in response to the notifications, and

wherein the interface concentrator module sends the data packets from the memory to the interface cards as output bound packets based on the route lookups performed by the system control module in response to the notifications.

37. The method of claim 36, further comprising configuring the memory management circuit to provide the notifications to the system control module based on information extracted from the incoming data packets.

38. The method of claim 37, further comprising configuring the system control module to select a route by referencing a forwarding table based on the extracted information, wherein the forwarding table stores the route information for forwarding data packets received from any of the plurality of interface modules.

39. The method of claim 38, further comprising configuring a routing engine to store a routing table.

40. The method of claim 36, further comprising configuring a redundant router module to process the data packets and to forward the data packets between the interface modules in response to malfunction of the router module.

41. A method of manufacturing a routing arrangement, the method comprising:

providing a crossbar arrangement; and

coupling a plurality of routing devices to the crossbar arrangement, at least one routing device comprising;

a midplane;

a plurality of interface cards to communicate data packets using a network, wherein each of the plurality of interface cards are coupled to the midplane;

a power supply coupled to the midplane to supply power along the midplane; and

a router module separate from the plurality of interface cards to process the data packets and to forward the data packets between the interface cards, wherein the router module is coupled to the midplane;

wherein the midplane is configured to provide power to the router module from the power supply, only when the router module is properly inserted into the midplane,

wherein the router module is configured to perform route lookups for the data packets received from different ones of the interface cards to select routes for the packets in accordance with route information associated with the network, wherein the router module includes a packet processing circuit, memory, a memory management circuit, and a route lookup circuit integrated into a single module,

wherein the packet processing circuit receives the data packets from at least two of the interface cards,

wherein contents of the received data packets are stored in the memory,

wherein the memory management circuit generates notifications based on keys of the received data packets and forwards the notifications to the route lookup circuit,

wherein the route lookup circuit performs route lookups for the data packets based on the keys in response to the notifications, and

wherein the packet processing circuit sends the data packets from the memory to the interface cards as output bound packets based on the route lookups performed by the route lookup circuit in response to the notifications.

42. A routing arrangement comprising:

a plurality of routing devices coupled in a crossbar arrangement, at least one routing device comprising;

a midplane;

a plurality of interface modules removably coupled to the midplane to communicate data packets using a network;

a power supply coupled to the midplane to provide power along the midplane,

a router module removably coupled to the midplane to receive the data packets from at least two different ones of the interface modules, wherein the router module is configured to perform route lookups for the data packets received from the at least two interface modules to select routes for the packets in accordance with route information associated with the network;

wherein the midplane is configured to provide power to single router module from the power supply, only when the router module is properly inserted into the midplane; and

a switch arrangement coupled to the plurality of routing devices and configured to switch control from a first routing device to a second routing device, wherein the router module includes a packet processing circuit, memory, a memory management circuit, and a route lookup circuit integrated into a single module,

wherein the packet processing circuit receives the data packets from at least two of the interface cards,

wherein contents of the received data packets are stored in the memory,

wherein the memory management circuit generates notifications based on keys of the received data packets and forwards the notifications to the route lookup circuit,

wherein the route lookup circuit performs route lookups for the data packets based on the keys in response to the notifications, and

wherein the packet processing circuit sends the data packets from the memory to the interface cards as output bound packets based on the route lookups performed by the route lookup circuit in response to the notifications.

43. The routing arrangement of claim 42, wherein each of the plurality of routing devices includes a respective router module comprising a respective packet processing circuit, respective memory, a respective memory management circuit, and a respective route lookup circuit integrated into a respective single module.