Harmonic drive linear actuator

• US 7,527,130 B2
• Filed: 04/26/2006
• Issued: 05/05/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: BWI Company Limited SA (Shougang Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Delphi Technologies, Inc. (BorgWarner Incorporated)
• Inventors: Klode, Harald, Baudendistel, Thomas A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Schwartz; Christopher P
• Application Number:
  US11/412,057
• Publication Number:
  US 20060288816A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,105 Days
• Field of Search: 188158-162, 188 727- 728, 310/83, 310/323.02, 74/891.5, 74/892.3, 746/40
• US Class Current: 188/72.8
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 2121/24 using motors
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 65/18 adapted for drawing members together , e.g. for disc brakes
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2049/003 Features of the flexsplines therefor
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2049/008 Linear wave gearings, i.e. harmonic type gearing imposing a strain wave to a straight flexible member engaging a second member with different pitch to generate linear motion thereof
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 25/2409 one of the threads being replaced by elements specially formed for engaging the screw or nut, e.g. pins, racks, toothed belts
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 49/001 Wave gearings, e.g. harmonic drive transmissions harmonic drives specially adapted for positioning programme-controlled manipulators B25J9/1025
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/06 Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/116 with gears
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 74/2151 Longitudinally adjustable

Abstract

A harmonic drive linear actuator includes a first annular member defining a longitudinal axis and lying on a plane, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The first member is relatively flexible along a direction parallel to the plane. A second member is substantially coaxially aligned with the first member to define opposed substantially cylindrical surfaces and are fixed for non-relative rotation about the longitudinal axis. An actuator is provided for flexing the first annular member into at least two spaced-apart points of contact between the opposed surfaces and for sequentially flexing the first member to rotate the at least two points of contact circumferentially about the axis. The first and second surfaces define cooperating thread-forms thereon, which selectively engage to effect controlled, bidirectional relative axial displacement between the members in response to sequential flexure of the first member. The linear actuator can be conjoined with an actuator piston of a vehicle brake caliper assembly.

Claims

1. A harmonic drive linear actuator comprising:

a first annular member having a longitudinal axis, wherein the first annular member lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and wherein the first annular member is relatively flexible along a direction which lies in the plane;

a second annular member substantially coaxially aligned with the first annular member and lying in the plane, wherein said first and second annular members define first and second opposed substantially cylindrical surfaces and are fixed for non-relative rotation about the longitudinal axis; and

means for flexing the first annular member into at least two spaced-apart points of contact between said first and second surfaces and for sequentially flexing the first annular member to rotate the at least two points of contact circumferentially about the longitudinal axis,

said first and second surfaces defining cooperating thread-forms thereon extending circumferentially about said longitudinal axis which selectively engage to effect relative axial displacement between said first and second annular members in response to sequential flexure of said first annual member.

2. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said first and second annular members are longitudinally elongated.

3. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said first annular member is disposed radially inwardly of said second annular member.

4. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said second annular member is relatively rigid along said direction which lies on said plane.

5. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, further comprising means to limit axial displacement of one of said annular members with respect to an adjacent grounded structure.

6. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 5, wherein the other of said annual members defines means for urging a load in at least one direction parallel to said longitudinal axis.

7. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said means for flexing the first annual member is operable to effect selective bi-directional relative longitudinal displacement between said first and second annular members.

8. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said first and second annual members are disposed substantially concentrically.

9. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein one of said thread-forms comprises at least one circumferential groove disposed substantially parallel to said plane.

10. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein one of said thread-forms comprises a plurality of circumferential grooves arranged along the entire axial extent of the annual member associated therewith.

11. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein one of said thread-forms comprises at least one axially extending helix.

12. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said second annular member defines a relatively rigid, generally cup-shaped structure.

13. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 12, wherein said first annual member and said means for flexing said first annual member are disposed substantially within said second annular member.

14. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said means for flexing the first annular member is responsive to an electrical control signal, and is operative to effect radial disengagement of said thread-forms in response to the absence of said electrical control signal, whereby said first and second annular members are freely axially displacable with respect to one another.

15. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said first annular member is resilient and returns to a substantially cylindrical configuration when not being acted upon by said flexing means.

16. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 1, wherein said first annular member comprises electromagnetic material.

17. The harmonic drive linear actuator of claim 16, wherein said flexing means comprises an electromagnetic actuator operable to selectively apply magnetic attractive forces to opposed portions of said first annular member to effect said sequential flexure.

18. A harmonic drive linear actuator comprising:

a first annular member having a longitudinal axis and lying on a plane perpendicular to said axis, and wherein said first member is relatively flexible in directions parallel to the plane;

a second member substantially coaxially aligned with the first member, said members defining opposed complimentary surfaces and are fixed for non-relative rotation about said axis; and

means for flexing the first member into at least two spaced-apart points of contact between said surfaces and for sequentially flexing the first member to rotate the at least two points of contact about the axis,

said surfaces defining cooperating thread-forms thereon extending circumferentially about said longitudinal axis which selectively engage to effect relative axial displacement between said members.

19. A brake caliper apparatus, comprising:

a brake caliper for applying a clamp load along an actuation axis;

a piston slidably disposed in a bore concentric with said axis for applying said clamp load; and

a harmonic drive linear actuator disposed for acting upon said piston and an opposed substantially grounded caliper surface, said linear actuator comprising a first annular member having a longitudinal axis and lying on a plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, and wherein said first member is relatively flexible in directions parallel to said plane, a second member substantially coaxially aligned with said first member, said members defining opposed complimentary surfaces and are fixed for non-relative rotation about said longitudinal axis, means for flexing the first member into at least two spaced-apart points of contact between said surfaces and for sequentially flexing the first member to rotate the at least two points of contact about the longitudinal axis, said surfaces defining cooperating thread-forms thereon extending circumferentially about said longitudinal axis which selectively engage to effect relative axial displacement between said members and application of said clamp load.

20. The brake caliper apparatus of claim 19, where said piston and linear actuator are conjoined as a single assembly disposed within said bore.

21. The brake caliper apparatus of claim 19, wherein said piston and second member are integrally formed as a cup-shaped structure.

22. The brake caliper apparatus of claim 19, wherein said first member is carried by said flexing means, and said flexing means is groundingly affixed to said caliper surface.