Inhalation device and method for delivering variable amounts of different components

• US 7,530,352 B2
• Filed: 12/07/2004
• Issued: 05/12/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Childers, Winthrop D., Tyvoll, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Yu; Justine R
• Assistant Examiner(s): MATTER, KRISTEN CLARETTE
• Application Number:
  US11/005,827
• Publication Number:
  US 20050098173A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,617 Days
• Field of Search: 128/200.14, 128/200.19, 128/200.23, 128/203.12, 128/204.21, 128/202.23, 128/202.21, 131/273, 131/270, 131/272
• US Class Current: 128/200.19
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0003 with means for dispensing more than one drug
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0065 Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices A61M15/0028 takes precedence; dosage devices incorporated in aerosol cans B65D83/52
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0066 with means for varying the dose size
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/008 Electronic counters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0083 Timers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/025 Bubble jet droplet ejection devices

Abstract

An inhalation device configured to programmably emit small droplets of multiple components in which quantities of the multiple components can vary with each successive activation of the inhalation device.

Claims

1. An inhalation therapy method, comprising:

storing a first material separately from a second material;

programming delivery of an initial and at least one subsequent dose of the first material and the second material via a preplanned dosing regimen stored in an information storage portion of control electronics which does not require direct user input or treatment giver input during use, the information storage portion of the control electronics being in communication with first and second microfluidic aerosol generators, the preplanned dosing regimen regulating any subsequent doses so that the amount of the first material and the second material is altered by the preplanned dosing regimen according to a maximum total threshold for the first material; and

at least one of;

a total dosage of the first material and the second material, amounts of total respective quantities of the first and the second materials emitted, an interval since a last dose of a quantity of the first material and the second material, or a dose frequency of the first material and the second material;

the preplanned dosing regimen being integrated with the dosage quantity of the first and second materials delivered and time of delivery of initial and subsequent doses of the first material and the second material that are recorded in the control electronics after each dose is delivered;

delivering substantially contemporaneously, via emission of the first material and the second material from the first and second programmably controlled microfluidic aerosol generators respectively, an initial dose of a single inhalable composition into the airway of a user, the initial dose of the single inhalable composition comprising an initial quantity of each of the first material and the second material, wherein the first material and the second material are pharmacologically different from each other, and wherein total quantities of the first and second materials delivered in the initial dose are directly determined by the user'"'"'s initial intake of air from an inhalation chamber, the intensity of the initial air intake triggering a sensor to detect a specific quantity of change in air flow in the inhalation chamber which signals the information storage portion to generate a suitable firing command to the microfluidic aerosol generators to dispense quantities of the respective first and second materials correlated to the user'"'"'s initial air intake;

after the initial dose is delivered, recording information in control electronics about the quantity of the first and second materials delivered and time of delivery of the initial dose;

querying control electronics regarding appropriate dosage for at least one subsequent dose based on the preplanned dosing regimen which is integrated with the recorded information about the quantity of the first and second materials delivered and time of delivery of the initial dose;

deriving an appropriate dosage command for at least one subsequent dose from control electronics;

delivering substantially contemporaneously, via emission of the first material and the second material from the first and second programmably controlled microfluidic aerosol generators, respectively, an at least one subsequent dose of the single inhalable composition into the airway of the user, the at least one subsequent dose of the single inhalable composition comprising a subsequent quantity of each of the first material and the second material wherein at least one of the subsequent quantities of the respective first and second materials varies from the initial quantity of the respective first and second material; and

wherein total quantity of the first and second materials delivered in the at least one subsequent dose are directly determined by the user'"'"'s subsequent intake of air from the inhalation chamber, the intensity of the subsequent air intake triggering the sensor to detect a specific quantity of change in air flow in the inhalation chamber which signals the information storage portion to generate a suitable firing command to the microfluidic aerosol generators to dispense quantities of the respective first and second materials correlated to the user'"'"'s subsequent air intake;

after the at least one subsequent dose is delivered, recording information in control electronics about the quantity of the first and second materials delivered and time of delivery of the at least one subsequent dose;

querying control electronics regarding appropriate dosage for another at least one subsequent dose based on the preplan need dosing regimen which is integrated with the recorded information about the quantity of the first and second materials delivered and time of delivery of previous doses; and

deriving an appropriate dosage command for another at least one subsequent dose from control electronics;

wherein the first material is pharmacologically active and the total amount administered of the first material is limited by the maximum threshold of the preprogrammed dosing regimen stored in the information portion of control electronics, the second material is pharmacologically inactive and administered to provide the user with at least one of a palliative or placebo effect when the amount of the first material administered is decreased, the second material'"'"'s effects on the user being such that the amount of the second material administered does not have a maximum threshold in the preprogrammed dosing regimen.

2. The inhalation therapy method of claim 1 wherein storing further comprises storing a third material separately from the first material and the second material, and wherein delivering the respective first and second doses according to the preprogrammed dosing regimen includes a third microfluidic aerosol generator, the third microfluidic aerosol generator emitting the third material substantially contemporaneously with the delivery of the first and second materials to form the respective first and second doses of the single inhalable composition, with a quantity of the third material being regulated via a chronometer over the preprogrammed dosing regimen.

3. The inhalation device of claim 1, further comprising delivering additional doses into the airway of the user, including varying an additional quantity of at least one of the respective first and second materials via at least one of the total dosage, the amounts of respective quantities emitted, the interval since last delivery, or the dose frequency.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein delivering the respective first and second dose comprises contemporaneously emitting the first material and the second material.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the programmably controlled microfluidic aerosol generator mechanism comprises a first microfluidic aerosol generator for emitting the first material and a second microfluidic aerosol generator for emitting the second material independently from the emission of the first material.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the first material has primary pharmacological activity and the second material has substitutional pharmacological activity, and wherein delivering the respective first and second doses comprises:

decreasing the initial or second quantity of the first material in response to at least one of an elapsed time, a use frequency and a programmed weaning protocol; and

delivering the second material in an amount complimentary to the decreased initial or second quantity of the first material.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the first material comprises a nicotine-containing material, and wherein the second material comprises an associated smoking cessation agent selected from a flavoring compound, a fragrance compound, a bronchodilator, an adjuvant, and a complimentary medicant.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the information storage portion stores at least one of:

a look-up table specifying the respective initial and second quantities of the respective first and second materials to be emitted from the microfluidic aerosol generator mechanism;

or

an algorithm controlling the respective initial and second quantities of the respective first and second materials to be emitted with each delivery of a respective dose with the respective quantities of the first material relative to the second material varying with each successive dose.

9. A smoking cessation method, comprising:

storing a nicotine-containing material separately from a smoking cessation agent;

programming delivery of an initial and at least one subsequent dose of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent via a preplanned dosing regimen stored in an information storage portion of control electronics which does not require direct user input or treatment giver input during use, the information storage portion of the control electronics being in communication with nicotine-containing material and smoking cessation agent microfluidic aerosol generators, the preplanned dosing regimen regulating any subsequent doses so that the amount of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent is altered by the preplanned dosing regimen according to a maximum total threshold for the nicotine-containing material; and

at least one of;

a total dosage of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent, amounts of total respective quantities of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent emitted, an interval since a last dose of a quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent, or a dose frequency of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent;

the preplanned dosing regimen being integrated with the dosage quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered and time of delivery of initial and subsequent doses of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent that are recorded in the control electronics after each dose is delivered;

delivering substantially contemporaneously, via emission of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent from the first and second, programmably-controlled microfluidic aerosol generators, respectively of the single inhalation device, an initial dose of a single inhalable composition into the airway of a user, the initial dose of the single inhalable composition comprising an initial quantity of the nicotine-containing material and an initial quantity of the smoking cessation agent, and wherein total quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered in the initial dose are directly determined by the user'"'"'s initial intake of air from an inhalation chamber, the intensity of the subsequent air intake triggering a sensor to detect a specific quantity of change in air flow in the inhalation chamber which signals the information storage portion to generate a suitable firing command to the microfluidic aerosol generators to dispense quantities of the respective nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent correlated to the user'"'"'s subsequent air intake;

after the at least one subsequent dose is delivered, recording information in control electronics about the quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered and time of delivery of initial dose;

querying control electronics regarding appropriate dosage for at least one subsequent dose based on the preplanned dosing regimen which is integrated with the recorded information about the quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered and time of delivery of previous doses;

deriving an appropriate dosage command for at least one subsequent dose from control electronics;

delivering substantially contemporaneously, via emission of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent from the first and second, programmably-controlled microfluidic aerosol generators, respectively, of the single inhalation device, an at least one subsequent dose of the single inhalable composition into the airway of the user, the at least one subsequent dose of the single inhalable composition comprising a subsequent quantity of the nicotine-containing material and a subsequent quantity of the smoking cessation agent; and

wherein total quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered in the at least one subsequent dose are directly determined by the user'"'"'s subsequent intake of air from the inhalation chamber, the intensity of the subsequent air intake triggering the sensor to detect a specific Quantity of change in air flow in the inhalation chamber which signals the information storage portion to generate a suitable firing command to the microfluidic aerosol generators to dispense quantities of the respective nicotine-contain material and the smoking cessation agent correlated to the user'"'"'s subsequent air intake;

after the at least one subsequent dose is delivered, recording information in control electronics about the quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered and time of delivery of the at least one subsequent dose;

querying control electronics regarding appropriate dosage for at least one subsequent dose based on the preplanned dosing regimen which is integrated with the recorded information about the quantity of the nicotine-containing material and the smoking cessation agent delivered and time of delivery of previous doses; and

deriving an appropriate dosage command for another at least one subsequent dose from control electronics;

wherein the nicotine-containing material is pharmacologically active and the total amount administered of the nicotine-containing material has a maximum threshold limited by the preprogrammed dosing regimen stored in the information portion of control electronics, the smoking cessation agent is pharmacologically inactive and administered to provide user with at least one of a palliative or placebo effect when the amount of the nicotine-containing material administered is decreased, the smoking cessation agent'"'"'s effects on the user being such that the amount of the smoking cessation agent administered does not have a maximum threshold in the preprogrammed dosing regimen.

10. The smoking cessation method of claim 9 wherein governing delivery of the second dose comprises selectively varying the second quantity of the emitted smoking cessation material-based on at least one of an intensity of user demand or the second quantity of the emitted nicotine-containing material, and wherein the second quantity of the emitted smoking cessation agent varies in a manner complimentary to the second quantity of the emitted nicotine-containing material.

11. The smoking cessation method of claim 10, further comprising recording at least one of a time of delivering the first dose, the intensity of user demand, and a total amount of the nicotine-containing material administered.

12. The method of claim 9 wherein the control electronics operate on the microfluidic aerosol generator mechanism to administer a total dose of nicotine-containing material over a defined interval and administer a variable amount of associated smoking cessation agent, the amount of administered associated smoking cessation agent being determined by at least one of an amount of the nicotine-containing material delivered, an interval since a last delivery of the second dose, and a frequency of the delivery of the respective doses.

13. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

preventing, via a lockout mechanism in communication with the control electronics, emission of the nicotine-containing material in excess of a numeric value of a predetermined amount of nicotine stored in the control electronics.

14. The method of claim 9 wherein the smoking cessation agent is selected from flavoring compounds, fragrance compounds, bronchodilators, adjuvants, and complimentary medicants, and wherein delivering the respective first and second doses comprises:

decreasing the initial or second quantity of the nicotine-containing material in response to at least one of an elapsed time, a use frequency and a programmed weaning protocol; and

delivering the smoking cessation agent in an amount complimentary to the decreased initial or second quantity of the nicotine-containing material.

15. An inhalation therapy method, comprising:

storing a first material, a second material, and a third material separately from each other;

programming delivery of an initial and at least one subsequent dose of the first material, the second material, and the third material via a preplanned dosing regimen stored in an information storage portion of control electronics which does not require direct user input or treatment giver input during use, the information storage portion of the control electronics being in communication with first, second and third microfluidic aerosol generators, the preplanned dosing regimen regulating any subsequent doses so that the amount of the first material, the second material and the third material is altered by the preplan need dosing regimen according to a maximum total threshold for the first material; and

at least one of;

a total dosage of the first material, the second material and the third material;

amounts of total respective quantities of the first material, the second material and the third material emitted;

an interval since a last dose of a quantity of the first material, the second material, and the third material;

or a dose frequency of the first material, the second material and the third material;

the preplanned dosing regimen being integrated with the dosage quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered and time of initial and subsequent doses of the first material, the second material and the third material that are recorded in the control electronics after each dose is delivered; and

wherein the third material is further regulated via a chronometer over the preprogrammed dosing regimen;

delivering substantially contemporaneously, via emission of the first material, the second material, and the third material from the first, second and third programmably controlled microfluidic aerosol generators, respectively, an initial dose of a single inhalable composition into the airway of a user, the initial dose of the single inhalable composition comprising an initial quantity of each of the first material, the second material and the third material, wherein the first material, the second material and the third material are pharmacologically different from each other, and wherein total quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered in the initial dose are directly determined by the user'"'"'s initial intake of air from an inhalation chamber, the intensity of the initial air intake triggering a sensor to detect a specific quantity of change in air flow in the inhalation chamber which signals the information storage portion to generate a suitable firing command to the microfluidic aerosol generators to dispense quantities of the respective first, second and third materials correlated to the user'"'"'s initial air intake;

after the initial dose is delivered, recording information in control electronics about the quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered and time of delivery of the initial dose;

querying control electronics regarding appropriate dosage for at least one subsequent dose based on the preplanned dosing regimen which is integrated with the recorded information about the quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered and time of delivery of the initial dose;

deriving an appropriate dosage command for at least one subsequent dose from control electronics;

delivering contemporaneously, via emission of the first material, the second material and the third material from the first, second and third programmably controlled microfluidic aerosol generators, respectively, an at least one subsequent dose of the single inhalable composition into the airway of the user, the at least one subsequent dose of the single inhalable composition comprising a subsequent quantity of each of the first material, the second material and the third material wherein at least one of the subsequent quantities of the respective first, second and third material varies from the initial quantity of the respective first, second and third material; and

wherein total quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered in the at least one subsequent dose are directly determined by the user'"'"'s subsequent intake of air from the inhalation chamber, the intensity of the subsequent air intake triggering the sensor to detect a specific quantity of change in air flow in the inhalation chamber which signals the information storage portion to generate a suitable firing command to the microfluidic aerosol generators to dispense quantities of the respective first, second and third materials correlated to the user'"'"'s subsequent air intake;

after the at least one subsequent dose is delivered, recording information in control electronics about the quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered and time of delivery of the at least one subsequent dose;

querying control electronics regarding appropriate dosage for another at least one subsequent dose based on the preplanned dosing regimen which is integrated with the recorded information about the quantity of the first, second and third materials delivered and time of delivery of previous doses; and

deriving an appropriate dosage command for another at least one subsequent dose from control electronics;

wherein the first material is pharmacologically active and the total amount administered of the first material has a maximum threshold limited by the preprogrammed dosing regimen stored in the information portion of control electronics, the second and third materials are pharmacologically inactive and administered to provide user with at least one of a palliative or placebo effect when the amount of the first material administered is decreased, the second and third materials'"'"' effects on the user being such that the amount of the second and third materials administered does not have a maximum threshold in the preprogrammed dosing regimen.