Architecture and system for location awareness

• US 7,536,695 B2
• Filed: 03/28/2003
• Issued: 05/19/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Pease, Geoffrey E., Shafer, Steven A. N., Yao, Yinghua, Pawar, Madhurima, Moore, Timothy M., Alam, Mohammad Shabbir, Krumm, John C., Teodorescu, Florin, Barkley, Warren Vincent
• Primary Examiner(s): Zhen; Li B
• Application Number:
  US10/402,609
• Publication Number:
  US 20040193707A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,244 Days
• Field of Search: 719/313, 709/224, 455/456.1
• US Class Current: 719/313
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/04 specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilities; specially adapted for terminal portability
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/52 specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A location service and method provides a location aware computing device that is extensible by allowing different types of location awareness providers operate with the service. The method includes receiving a request for a location context, acquiring data associated with a current location from one or more location detection devices, reconciling the acquired data for any inconsistencies concerning the current location by applying either or both of a hierarchical and a metric process, and generating a location object accessible to applications. The service includes a location management component configured to route location data, a fuser engine configured to receive one or more location reports generated from the location data, reconcile conflicts between the location reports and generate a location object, and one or more location application programming interfaces (APIs) coupled to the location management component to transmit the location object from the fuser engine to an application.

Claims

1. A method of operating a computer-implemented service on a computing device, the method comprising:

receiving a request for a physical location of the computing device through a first application programming interface to the service;

acquiring data based on a plurality of location reports from one or more location detection devices associated with the computing device, the location reports being received through a second application programming interface to the service;

selectively providing the data through a third application programming interface to one or more resolver components, each resolver component being associated with a location detection device of the one or more location detection devices;

receiving through the third application programming interface resolved acquired data;

reconciling the resolved acquired data for any inconsistencies concerning the physical location of the device by applying at least one process to the acquired data; and

generating a location object accessible to one or more applications, the location object including a reconciled physical location for the computing device,

wherein the second and third APIs include at least one location API configured to specify functions to be implemented by a plug-in to register with the service.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the process is one or more of a hierarchical, metric, string concatenation, union, intersection, uncertainty handling and inconsistency resolving process.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

in response to receiving the location reports, transmitting the acquired data through a third application programming interface to the service according to predetermined metrics to one or more resolvers that are available and capable of resolving the acquired data.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein generating the location object comprises encapsulating a reconciled physical location in the location object.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

transmitting the location object to the one or more applications according to a register of locations associated with the applications.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprises:

assigning a priority to the acquired data according to a trustworthiness of a location report.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the trustworthiness is assigned by a user.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the trustworthiness is assigned by determining whether the location report has a secure digital signature.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the receiving a request for a physical location includes:

receiving a location identifier at a notification component.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more location detection devices include at least one of an 802.11 type provider, a network location awareness (NLA) provider, a global position service (GPS) provider, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) provider data, and a Bluetooth provider.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the reconciling the acquired data includes applying one or more statistical processes to the acquired data to determine a most likely location context.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the statistical processes include a weighted averaging of possible locations.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the location object is generated by a fuser engine within the computer-implemented service.

14. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions implementing a service adapted to be run on a movable computer, the computer-executable instructions comprising:

a location management component configured to route location data, the location management component adapted to;

provide a location provider application programming interface;

provide a location resolver application programming interface;

provide a cache component adapted to store location reports;

receive location data through the location provider application programming interface;

selectively provide the location data through the location resolver application programming interface;

receive resolved location data through the location resolver application programming interface;

access cached location data correlated with the received location data in the cache component; and

selectively output the cached data or the resolved location data, and wherein the location management component comprises;

a plug-in manager configured to route the location data through the location resolver application programming interface; and

a master resolver coupled to the plug-in manager, the master resolver configured to assign the location data to one or more resolvers appropriate for the location information;

a fuser engine coupled to the location management component, the fuser engine configured to receive the outputs of the location management component as one or more location reports generated from the location data, reconcile conflicts between the location reports and generate a location object; and

one or more location application programming interfaces (APIs) coupled to the location management component, at least one of the location application programming interfaces configured to transmit the location object from the fuser engine to an application, the location object configured to dynamically provide to the application a location for the computer running the service indicating movement of the computer, wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to specify functions to be implemented by a plug-in to register with the service.

15. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein at least one of the location APIs are coupled to at least one provider plug-in configured to receive the location data from a provider of raw location data, the provider plug-in configured to normalize the raw location data.

16. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to allow the application to query for the location of the computer running the service.

17. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to receive the location data from the fuser engine, the cache component, a plug-in manager and the location management component, said location API configured to pass the location data to the application.

18. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to allow parameters of the service to be configured.

19. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to add and remove plug-ins to the service.

20. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to allow the application to register for notification when the location of the computer running the service changes.

21. The computer storage medium of claim 14 wherein the location APIs include at least one location API configured to send and receive the location data to and from at least one plug-in, the plug-in configured to add rich content based on the location data and based on inferred context data.

22. The computer storage medium of claim 21 wherein the plug-in is a user-defined default plug-in.

23. A method of operating a service on a computing device to provide dynamic location information about the device to an application program, the method comprising:

receiving through a first interface to the service a request for location context data concerning the device, the request being received from the application program;

dynamically collecting through a second interface to the service location reports from one or more providers, each location report containing a type of location context data;

determining through a programming interface types of resolvers available to operate on the location reports;

selectively processing the location reports in resolvers based on the determined availability of resolvers, at least a portion of the location reports each being processed in a resolver a plurality of times, the processing in the resolvers generating resolved location reports, the resolved location reports indicating a physical location of the device, the selectively processing further comprising acts of;

routing, using a plug-in manager, location information through the programming interface; and

assigning, using a master resolver coupled to the plug-in manager, the location information to one or more resolvers appropriate for the location information;

reconciling conflicting indications of the physical location of the device in the resolved location reports and the collected location reports; and

returning to the application program reconciled location context data.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein the reconciling comprises applying a best guess function.

25. The method of claim 23 wherein the dynamically collecting location context data is performed by a location management component configured to collect the location context data and distribute the location context data for the reconciling.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the location management component is configured to receive location context data from one or more providers and one or more resolvers.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein the providers include plug-ins that communicate raw location information to the location management component including wireless location data including one or more of an access point and a signal strength associated with the access point.

28. The method of claim 26 wherein the providers include plug-ins that communicate raw location information to the location management component including one or more of 802.11 type provider data, network location awareness provider data, GPS provider data, GPRS provider data, Bluetooth provider data, and active directory data.

29. The method of claim 28 wherein the active directory data includes media access control (MAC) address code identifying one or more locations of access points.

30. The method of claim 23 further comprising:

storing the location context data in a database, the database configured to hold at least one of a history of the location context data, user-specific data, and application-specified data.

31. The method of claim 23 wherein the location context data includes:

device specific location information previously transmitted to a provider from a sensor specific device;

source specific information previously transmitted to a resolver from a service.

32. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions for enabling awareness of a location of a computing device, the computer-executable instructions performing acts comprising:

receiving a request for a location of the computing device;

acquiring data based on a plurality of location reports from one or more location detection devices associated with the computing device, at least a portion of the location reports being acquired through a programming interface to a provider plug-in component;

routing, using a plug-in manager, location information through the programming interface;

assigning, using a master resolver coupled to the plug-in manager, the location information to one or more resolvers appropriate for the location information;

for each of the plurality of location reports;

determining whether a resolved location report has been cached and when a cached resolved report is available, obtaining the cached resolved location report from a cache;

when no resolved location report has been cached, determining whether a resolver plug-in component is available to resolve the location report and, when a resolver plug-in component is available, resolving the location report in the available plug-in component; and

incrementing a counter and determining if the counter has reached a predetermined limit;

reconciling the acquired data, including the resolved location context reports from a resolver plug-in and/or the cache, for any inconsistencies concerning the physical location of the computing device; and

generating a location object accessible to one or more applications, the location object including a reconciled physical location for the computing device.

33. A method for generating rich location context reports from data received from at least one of a plurality of location providers, the plurality of location providers following a plurality of incompatible protocols, the method comprising:

upon receiving a notification of availability of a set of location reports from one or more of the location providers, retrieving the set of location reports;

for each location report in the set of location reports, determining whether a resolver is capable and available to interpret the location report and has not exceeded a predetermined number of iterations;

if a resolver is capable, available and has not exceeded the predetermined number of iterations, transmitting the location report to the resolver;

receiving through an application programming interface one or more rich location reports associated with the incompatible protocols from one or more resolvers

combining the rich location reports into a set of rich location reports, each rich location report in the set of rich location reports according to a standardized data structure; and

transmitting the set of rich location reports to a fuser engine.

34. The method of claim 33 further comprising:

receiving from the fuser engine a location object; and

writing the set of rich location reports to a notification service.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein the notification service is disposed within a file system.

36. The method of claim 33 wherein the predetermined number of iterations is configurable by a user via a user interface.

37. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions for enabling generation of rich location context reports from data received from at least one of a plurality of location providers, the plurality of location providers following a plurality of incompatible protocols awareness of a location context of a computer system, the computer-executable instructions performing acts comprising:

upon receiving a notification of availability of a set of location reports from one or more of the location providers, retrieving the set of location reports;

for each location report in the set of location reports, determining whether a resolver is capable and available to interpret the location report and has not exceeded a predetermined number of iterations;

if a resolver is capable, available and has not exceeded the predetermined number of iterations, transmitting the location report to the resolver;

receiving from one or more resolvers one or more rich location reports associated with the incompatible protocols;

combining the rich location reports into a set of rich location reports, each rich location report in the set of rich location reports according to a standardized data structure; and

transmitting the set of rich location reports to a fuser engine.

38. The computer readable medium of claim 37 wherein the acts further comprise:

receiving from the fuser engine a location object; and

notifying a notification dispatcher that the location object is available to one or more applications.

39. The computer readable medium of claim 37 wherein the acts further comprise transmitting the rich location reports to the fuser engine after a predetermined time.

40. The method of claim 39 wherein one or more of the predetermined time and the predetermined number of iterations are configurable by a user via a user interface.