Scanning device and method for analyzing a road surface

• US 7,546,765 B1
• Filed: 03/20/2008
• Issued: 06/16/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/20/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Davis, John D., Smith, Kyle M., Ruiz, David A., Butterfield, Herbert R., Tebbe, James C., Martini, Donald E., Tasci, Mine, Roberts, Timothy D., Janke, Richard D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Allen; Andre J
• Application Number:
  US12/051,913
• Time in Patent Office: 453 Days
• Field of Search: 731/46, 340/436, 180/169
• US Class Current: 73/146
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 7/04 involving a vehicle which moves along the profile to be traced

Abstract

A road surface scanning device and method for scanning a section of road in order to acquire road surface data, which in turn can be used to create a mathematical model of the road. In one embodiment, the road surface scanning device includes a frame, a carriage movably mounted to the frame, a scanner movably mounted to the carriage, and a pair of electric actuators that can move the scanner across the road surface. Information from adjacent scanner passes are electronically stitched together and, in a similar manner, information from adjacent surface segments are electronically joined to form a mathematical model of the road. Various techniques can then be used to process the road surface data and prepare it for use by other software applications.

Claims

1. A road surface scanning device, comprising:

a frame having a plurality of structural members including a longitudinal support that extends in a longitudinal direction of the scanning device, and a lateral support that extends in a lateral direction of the scanning device and is securely connected to the longitudinal support;

a carriage being movably attached to the frame so that it can move in the longitudinal direction of the scanning device;

a scanner for acquiring road surface data and having a laser head that emits an incident laser line towards the road surface, and a camera that receives a reflected laser line from the road surface;

a first actuator for moving the scanner along the carriage in the lateral direction of the scanning device; and

a second actuator for moving the carriage along the frame in the longitudinal direction of the scanning device, wherein the first actuator moves the scanner along the carriage during a lateral scan, and the second actuator moves the carriage along the frame in between lateral scans.

2. The road surface scanning device of claim 1, wherein the frame includes an additional longitudinal support, and each of the longitudinal supports has a channel for receiving a plurality of carriage wheels that roll within the channel when the second actuator moves the carriage in the longitudinal direction of the scanning device.

3. The road surface scanning device of claim 1, wherein the scanning device includes a plurality of frame wheels, the frame includes a towing hitch for attachment to a tow vehicle, and the scanner includes a power cable for connection with a tow vehicle electrical system so that the scanning device can be pulled behind the tow vehicle.

4. The road surface scanning device of claim 1, wherein the carriage hangs below the longitudinal support of the frame and includes a framework that extends in the lateral direction of the scanning device, a plurality of carriage wheels that are rotatably attached near the top of the carriage, and a track attached near the bottom of the carriage for movably receiving the scanner.

5. The road surface scanning device of claim 4, wherein the track includes at least one lateral extension that protrudes from an end of the carriage and increases the extent of the lateral scan.

6. The road surface scanning device of claim 4, wherein the track is pivotally attached near the bottom of the carriage so that the first actuator can move the scanner in different directions.

7. The road surface scanning device of claim 1, wherein the laser head emits the incident laser line in a direction that is generally aligned with the longitudinal direction of the scanning device, and the scanner moves along the carriage in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the incident laser line.

8. The road surface scanning device of claim 1, wherein the first actuator includes a stationary motor that is securely mounted to an outer end of the carriage and drives a belt drive that is coupled to the scanner.

9. The road surface scanning device of claim 1, wherein the second actuator includes a movable motor that is securely mounted to the carriage and moves along a stationary belt drive that is attached to the frame.

10. A method for scanning a road surface, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a road surface scanning device having at least a scanner, a first actuator, and a second actuator;

(b) moving the scanner to a home position;

(c) performing a first scanning pass across a first surface strip, wherein the first scanning pass involves moving the scanner with the first actuator while recording road surface data with the scanner;

(d) advancing the scanner with the second actuator so that it is positioned over a second surface strip; and

(e) performing a second scanning pass across the second surface strip, wherein the second scanning pass involves moving the scanner with the first actuator while recording road surface data with the scanner.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the home position in step (b) is a back corner of the road surface scanning device.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the first scanning pass in step (c) involves moving the scanner with the first actuator while recording road surface data in the form of laser light that is emitted from a laser head, reflected off of the road surface, and captured by a camera.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the scanner is moved by the first actuator in a lateral direction, and the laser light is in the form of a laser line that is generally aligned in the longitudinal direction.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the laser line has a length of 0.25 m-0.5 m, inclusive, and scans a first surface strip that has an area of 0.5 m²-1.75 m², inclusive.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the advancement of the scanner in step (d) involves moving a carriage that supports the scanner in a longitudinal direction with the second actuator, while disabling the scanner so that it does not record any road surface data.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein carriage is advanced so there is a partial overlap between the first and second surface strips.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the second scanning pass performed in step (e) begins on the side of the road surface scanning device where the first scanning pass performed in step (c) ended.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein each of the first and second scanning passes in steps (c) and (e) involves emitting a laser line aligned in a first direction and sweeping the scanner across the surface strip in a second direction that is generally perpendicular to the first direction, and the road surface data that is acquired can be used to build a three-dimensional model of the road surface.

19. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of scanning position markers located on the road surface, wherein the position markers have known positions and can be used when processing the road surface data.