Cardiac sensing and detection using subcutaneous ECG signals and heart sounds

• US 7,559,900 B2
• Filed: 04/22/2005
• Issued: 07/14/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 04/22/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Gillberg, Jeffrey M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Layno; Carl H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gedeon; Brian T
• Application Number:
  US11/112,072
• Publication Number:
  US 20060241702A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,544 Days
• Field of Search: 600/508, 600/515, 600/513, 600/514, 607/36, 607/115, 381/67
• US Class Current: 600/508
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/361 Detecting fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/363 Detecting tachycardia or bradycardia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/364 Detecting abnormal ECG interval, e.g. extrasystoles, ectopic heartbeats
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/056 Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3622 comprising two or more electrodes co-operating with different heart regions
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36542 controlled by body motion, e.g. acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3756 Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39622 Pacing therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2001/0585 Coronary sinus electrodes

Abstract

A method and device for detecting cardiac signals that includes a first plurality of electrodes that senses cardiac signals and delivers therapy, and a second plurality of electrodes that senses the cardiac signals. A microprocessor detects a cardiac event in response to the sensing by the first plurality of electrodes, and verifies the cardiac event in response to the sensing by the second plurality of electrodes.

Claims

1. A medical device, comprising;

a first plurality of electrodes sensing cardiac signals and delivering therapy;

a secondary sensor sensing the cardiac signals; and

a microprocessor detecting a cardiac event in response to the sensing by the first plurality of electrodes, wherein the microprocessor generates a first sensed signal from cardiac signals sensed by the secondary sensor concomitant to the sensing by the first plurality of electrodes, compares the first sensed signal and the concomitantly sensed cardiac signals from the first plurality of electrodes, and determines whether the first sensed signal has one of a frequency less than signals associated with the concomitant sensing by the first plurality of electrodes and a regular beat pattern relative to the concomitant sensing by the first plurality of electrodes.

2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient, the microprocessor being positioned within the device housing, wherein the first plurality of electrodes and the secondary sensor are positioned along the device housing.

3. The device of claim 1, further comprising:

a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient, the microprocessor being positioned within the device housing; and

a lead body extending from the device housing, wherein the first plurality of electrodes are positioned along the lead body and the secondary sensor is positioned along the device housing.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the lead body is capable of being subcutaneously positioned within the patient.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the secondary sensor comprises an acoustic sensor.

6. The device of claim 1, further comprising:

a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient, the microprocessor being positioned within the device housing;

a header block positioned on the device housing; and

a lead body extending from the header block and capable of being subcutaneously positioned within the patient, wherein the first plurality of electrodes are positioned along one of the device housing and the lead body and the secondary sensor is positioned along the header block.

7. The device of claim 1, further comprising:

a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient, the microprocessor being positioned within the device housing;

a header block positioned on the device housing;

a first lead body extending from the header block; and

a second lead body extending from the header block, wherein the first plurality of electrodes are positioned along one of the device housing and the first lead body and the secondary sensor is positioned along one of the header block and the second lead body.

8. The device of claim 1, further comprising:

control circuitry controlling output from the first plurality of electrodes and the second plurality of electrodes, wherein the control circuitry initiates sensing of the cardiac signals by the secondary sensor in response to the microprocessor detecting the cardiac event.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprocessor determines whether a timing of the first sensed signal is approximately equal to signals associated with the sensing by the first plurality of electrodes and determines whether the first sensed signal indicates a change in patient status.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the change in patient status corresponds to one of decreased patient activity, decreased hemodynamic output, and decreased local tissue perfusion.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprocessors determines the cardiac signals sensed by the first plurality of electrodes are associated with oversensing in response to the cardiac signals sensed by the first plurality of electrodes being determined to be a tachycardia event and the concurrently sensed cardiac signals from the secondary sensor being one of slow and regular compared to the cardiac signals sensed by the first plurality of electrodes.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprocessor determines the cardiac signals sensed by the first plurality of electrodes are associated with undersensing in response to the cardiac signals sensed by the first plurality of electrodes corresponding to a slow, asystolic event and the concurrently sensed cardiac signals from the secondary sensor being fast and indicative of a fast heart rate.

13. A method of detecting cardiac signals, comprising:

sensing cardiac signals via a first plurality of electrodes to generate a sensed signal;

determining whether the sensed signal corresponds to a cardiac event;

sensing the cardiac signals via a second plurality of electrodes; and

generating a first sensed signal from cardiac signals sensed by the second plurality of electrodes concomitant to the sensing by the first plurality of electrodes, comparing the first sensed signal and the concomitantly sensed cardiac signals from the first plurality of electrodes, and determining whether the first sensed signal has one of a frequency less than signals associated with the concomitant sensing by the first plurality of electrodes and a regular beat pattern relative to the concomitant sensing by the first plurality of electrodes.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first plurality of electrodes and the second plurality of electrodes are positioned along a device housing capable of being subcutaneously implanted within a patient.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the second plurality of electrodes are positioned along a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient and the first plurality of electrodes are positioned along a lead body extending from the device housing.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the lead body is capable of being subcutaneously positioned within the patient.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the second plurality of electrodes include an acoustic sensor.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the first plurality of electrodes are positioned along one of a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient and a lead body extending from a header block positioned on the device housing, and the second plurality of electrodes are positioned along the header block.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the first plurality of electrodes are positioned along one of a device housing capable of being subcutaneously positioned within a patient and a first lead body extending from a header block positioned on the device housing, and the second plurality of electrodes are positioned along one of the header block and a second lead body extending from the header block.

20. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

determining whether a timing of the first sensed signal is approximately equal to signals associated with the sensing by the first plurality of electrodes; and

determining whether the first sensed signal indicates a change in patient status.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the change in patient status corresponds to one of decreased patient activity, decreased hemodynamic output, and decreased local tissue perfusion.

22. A medical device, comprising;

an electrode for sensing cardiac signals;

an acoustic sensor for sensing heart sounds associated with the cardiac signals; and

a microprocessor for comparing sensed heart sounds to cardiac signals sensed concurrently with the sensed heart sounds and determining the likelihood that one of oversensing and undersensing is occurring on the sensed cardiac signals in response to the comparing.

23. The device of claim 22, wherein the microprocessors determines the cardiac signals sensed by the electrode are associated with oversensing in response to the sensed cardiac signals being determined to be a tachycardia event and the concurrently sensed heart sounds being one of slow and regular compared to the cardiac signals sensed by the electrode.

24. The device of claim 22, wherein the microprocessor determines the cardiac signals sensed by the electrode are associated with undersensing in response to the sensed cardiac signals corresponding to a slow, asystolic event and the concurrently sensed heart sounds being fast and indicative of a fast heart rate.