Electronics method for the detection of analytes

• US 7,560,237 B2
• Filed: 06/12/1998
• Issued: 07/14/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 06/12/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Osmetech Technology Inc. (Roche Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: Osmetech Technology Inc. (Roche Holding AG)
• Inventors: Kayyem, Jon Faiz, O'Connor, Stephen D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le; Long V.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cook; Lisa V
• Application Number:
  US09/096,593
• Publication Number:
  US 20020009810A1
• Time in Patent Office: 4,050 Days
• Field of Search: 435/287.1, 435/289.1, 435/94, 435/817, 435/518, 435/7.1, 435/317.1, 435/524, 435/525, 435/6, 435/91.2, 435/5, 435/7.9, 435/176, 435/7.93, 435/7.94, 435/288, 435/291, 204/403, 204/415, 204/153.12, 204/418, 525/333.3, 525/387, 257/40, 257/642, 324/71.1, 324/425, 436/501, 436/512, 436/518, 436/524, 436/525, 205/777.5, 205/792, 718/0, 718/1, 718/2, 7/4, 7 2/8, 136/86.R, 136/153, 136/86.D, 422/68.1
• US Class Current: 435/7.1
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2458/30 Electrochemically active labels
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3277 being a redox reaction, e.g. detection by cyclic voltammetry voltammetry per se G01N27/42, G01N27/48
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2800/04 Endocrine or metabolic disorders
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5438 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/58 involving labelled substances G01N33/53 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/84 involving inorganic compounds or pH

Abstract

The present invention is directed to the detection of target analytes using electronic techniques, particularly AC techniques.

Claims

1. An apparatus for the detection of a protein target analyte in a test sample, comprising:

a) a test chamber comprising an array of first measuring electrodes each comprising;

a passivation agent monolayer comprising at least a covalently attached first passivation species and a covalently attached second passivation species comprising a protein binding ligand;

wherein said protein binding ligand is covalently attached to said electrode via a spacer;

wherein said test chamber further comprises at least one second measuring electrode; and

b) a voltage source electrically connected to said test chamber.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said spacer is a conductive oligomer having the formula:

3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said spacer is a conductive oligomer having the formula:

5. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said passivation agent monolayer comprises insulators.

6. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said passivation agent monolayer comprises conductive oligomers.

7. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said passivation agent monolayer comprises insulators and conductive oligomers.

8. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said binding ligand is a protein.

9. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 further comprising a processor coupled to said electrodes and configured to receive an output signal.

10. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said protein binding ligand is a peptide.

11. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said electrode comprises a member selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, and graphite.

12. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said passivation agent comprises polyalkyl chains.

13. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 4 wherein said passivation agent comprises nonconductive oligomers.

4. An apparatus for the detection of a non-nucleic acid target analyte in a test sample comprising:

a) a test chamber comprising an array of electrodes each comprising;

a passivation agent monolayer comprising at least a covalently attached first passivation species and a covalently attached second passivation species comprising a protein binding ligand;

wherein said protein binding ligand is covalently attached to said electrode via a spacer;

wherein said test chamber further comprises at least one second measuring electrode; and

b) a voltage source electrically connected to said test chamber; and

c) an electronic detector.