Method and apparatus for non-invasive prediction of intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) in patients receiving ventilator support
First Claim
1. A method for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of a respiratory patient breathing with the assistance of a ventilator comprising:
- receiving respiratory airway data from one or more sensors adapted to non-invasively monitor a respiratory patient;
calculating from the respiratory airway data two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of the patient;
inputting the two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure into a mathematical model;
generating by the mathematical model a predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure representing an excess lung volume of the patient based on the two or more parameters; and
providing a variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The present invention describes a method and apparatus for non-invasive prediction of the “intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure” (PEEPi) which is secondary to a trapping of gas, over and above that which is normal in the lungs; the presence of PEEPi imposes an additional workload upon the spontaneously breathing patient. Several indicators or markers are presented to detect and quantify PEEPi non-invasively The markers may include an expiratory air flow versus expiratory air volume trajectory, an expiratory carbon dioxide flow versus expiratory air volume trajectory, an expiratory carbon dioxide volume to expiratory air volume ratio, an expiratory air flow at onset of inhalation, a model of an expiratory waveform, a peak to mid-exhalation airflow ratio, duration of reduced exhaled airflow, and a Capnograph waveform shape.
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Citations
37 Claims
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1. A method for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of a respiratory patient breathing with the assistance of a ventilator comprising:
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receiving respiratory airway data from one or more sensors adapted to non-invasively monitor a respiratory patient; calculating from the respiratory airway data two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of the patient; inputting the two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure into a mathematical model; generating by the mathematical model a predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure representing an excess lung volume of the patient based on the two or more parameters; and providing a variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A system for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of a respiratory patient comprising:
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a signal processor for non-invasively collecting data corresponding to a patient'"'"'s expiratory effort while spontaneously breathing with assistance of a ventilator; and a parameter extraction module for calculating two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure from the data used in estimating intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure; an adaptive processor for modeling the patient'"'"'s intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure PEEPi from the two or more parameters to derive a predicted quantitative value for PEEPi representing an excess lung volume of the patient and providing a variable based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure; and a controller for providing the variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor.
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23. A method for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of a respiratory patient breathing with the assistance of a ventilator, comprising:
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receiving respiratory airway data from one or more sensors adapted to non-invasively monitor a patient, wherein the respiratory data comprise one or more of airway pressure, airway flow, airway volume, and carbon dioxide flow; calculating from the respiratory airway data two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of the patient based on predetermined markers, wherein said markers comprise one or more of an expiratory air flow versus expiratory air volume trajectory, an expiratory carbon dioxide flow versus expiratory air volume trajectory, an expiratory carbon dioxide volume to expiratory air volume ratio, an expiratory air flow at onset of inhalation, a model of an expiratory waveform, a peak to mid-exhalation airflow ratio, duration of reduced exhaled airflow, and a Capnograph waveform shape; inputting the two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure into a mathematical model; generating by the mathematical model a predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure representing an excess lung volume of the patient based on the two or more parameters; and providing a variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
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26. An apparatus for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiatory pressure of a respiratory patient breathing with the assistance of a ventilator comprising:
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a sensor for non-invasively monitoring respiratory airway data of a patient; and a processing device for calculating from the respiratory airway data two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of the patient based on predetermined markers; inputting the two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure into a mathematical modeling device; deriving by the mathematical modeling device a predicted quantitative value for an intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure representing an excess lung volume of the patient based on the two or more parameters; and providing a variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
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30. A system for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of a respiratory patient breathing with the assistance of a ventilator, comprising:
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means for non-invasively measuring respiratory data of the patient, wherein the respiratory data comprise one or more of airway pressure, airway flow, airway volume, and carbon dioxide flow; means for calculating two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure from the respiratory data; means for inputting the two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure into a mathematical model; means for deriving by the mathematical model a predicted quantitative value for an intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure representing an excess lung volume of the patient based on the two or more parameters; and means for providing a variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33)
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34. A tangible computer readable medium for detecting and quantifying intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure of a respiratory patient breathing with assistance of a ventilator, comprising:
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code devices for receiving non-invasively measured respiratory data of the patient; code devices for calculating two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure from the respiratory data; code devices for simultaneously inputting the two or more parameters that are indicative of or quantify intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure into a mathematical model comprising a linear model or a non-linear model; code devices for deriving by the mathematical model a predicted quantitative value for an intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure representing an excess lung volume of the patient based on the two or more parameters; and code devices for providing a variable to a ventilator or respiratory monitor based on the predicted quantitative value for intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37)
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Specification