Channel selection

• US 7,565,149 B2
• Filed: 09/08/2004
• Issued: 07/21/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: British Telecommunications PLC (BT Group PLC)
• Original Assignee: British Telecommunications PLC (BT Group PLC)
• Inventors: Tateson, Richard E, Saffre, Fabrice T P
• Primary Examiner(s): Vuong; Quochien B
• Application Number:
  US10/571,482
• Publication Number:
  US 20060217062A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,777 Days
• Field of Search: 455/11.1, 455/13.1, 455/522, 455/63.1, 455/67.13, 455/69, 455/446, 455/450, 455/452.1, 455/455, 370/328, 370/329
• US Class Current: 455/450
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/06 Reselecting a communication resource in the serving access point
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/246 Connectivity information discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0216 using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0219 where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0261 managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/48 during retransmission after error or non-acknowledgment
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/50 at the moment of starting communication in a multiple access environment
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/02 Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/04 adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Wireless devices in (10, 20, 30 etc) in an ad hoc network each select a channel on which to operate such that conflicts with neighbouring devices are avoided. Each device (20) has a normal power output, giving it a normal range (31) and an enhanced power output, giving it an extended “inhibition” range (33). Initially each device (20) transmits at the enhanced power level, such that it can be detected by devices (40, 50) within the extended range (33). If it detects other devices transmitting on the same channel, it may change to another channel. Once a channel has been identified on which no conflict is detected, the device (20) switches to the normal power level. By initiating the channel selection process at the enhanced level, conflicts between the transmissions of devices (20, 40), which would be detectable at a device (30) within the normal range of both, can be avoided despite the two devices (20, 40) not be able to detect each other directly at the normal power level. To conserve battery power, the process is arranged to have the devices operate at the enhanced power for the minimum time necessary, by dropping to the normal level when a suitable channel has been identified with a reasonable degree of certainty.

Claims

1. A wireless communications relay device, comprising:

a receiver for detecting transmissions from other such devices;

a transmitter for transmitting signals at a first power level for normal traffic, and a higher, inhibition level, in order that its transmissions may be detected by other such devices over a wider area than its normal operating range; and

a control means for selecting a channel and a transmission power on which the transmitter will operate, the control means being arranged to inhibit the transmitter from selecting channels detected by the receiver when the transmitter is operating at the inhibition level to prevent co-channel interference between transmitters of wireless communications relay devices that are not in the normal operating range of each other but whose normal operating ranges overlap.

2. A device according to claim 1, having means for monitoring the selected channel for conflicting transmissions from other devices, and the control means being arranged to determine, from the conflicts detected, whether to operate on the same or a different channel.

3. A device according to claim 2, in which the control means is arranged to select a channel for operation by an iterative process, in which a plurality of attempts are made to use a selected channel, and the probability of the channel being selected increases according to the number of such attempts on which no conflicting transmissions are identified.

4. A device according to claim 3, in which the control means is arranged to update a property according to the number of attempts to use a given channel that have identified interference on that channel, and to control a probabilistic function of the said property to determine whether to switch to a different channel for subsequent attempts.

5. A device according to claim 4, wherein the control means is arranged to cause the device to operate at normal power on the selected channel if the said property also satisfies a threshold value.

6. A device according to claim 4, having means to suspend its operation if no suitable channel is identified on which to operate.

7. A method of channel selection in a network of wireless communications relay devices, wherein each device is inhibited from operating on a channel detectable on transmissions received from another such device, when operating at an inhibition transmission power, in order to inhibit other such devices from selecting the same channel, wherein the inhibition transmission power is higher than the normal transmission power of the devices such that selection of the same channel is inhibited over a wider area than the normal operating range of the device to prevent co-channel interference between transmitters of wireless communications relay devices that are not in the normal operating range of each other but whose normal operating ranges overlap.

8. A method according to claim 7, wherein each device performs the channel selection process for itself, each device being operable on a selected channel at the inhibition transmission power and being capable of detecting transmissions from other such devices on the selected channel.

9. A method according to claim 8, wherein each device selects a channel on which to attempt to operate, and each such device transmits on that channel and also monitors the channel for conflicting transmissions from other devices, and determines, from the conflicts detected, whether to operate on the same or a different channel.

10. A method according to claim 7, wherein the channel selection process is operated on a computer, programmed with the relative separations and characteristics of the devices, and having means to control the operation of the relay devices in accordance with the results of the selection process.

11. A method according to claim 7, in which a channel is selected for operation by an iterative process, in which a plurality of attempts are made to use a selected channel, and the probability of the channel being selected increases according to the number of such attempts on which no conflicting transmissions are identified.

12. A method according to claim 11, in which a property associated with each device is updated according to the number of attempts to transmit on a given channel that have detected interference on that channel, and the said property is then used to control a probabilistic function which determines whether to switch to a different channel for subsequent attempts.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein if the said property also satisfies a threshold value the device is instructed to operate at normal power on the selected channel.

14. A method according to claim 12, in which devices for which no suitable channel is identified on which to operate are instructed to suspend operation.

15. A wireless communications relay device, comprising:

a receiver that detects transmissions;

a transmitter that transmits signals at a lower power level for establishing a narrower operating range and a higher power level for establishing a wider operating range so that a transmitted signal at the higher power level may be detected by another such device which is within the wider operating range but outside of the narrower operating range; and

a controller that selects a channel and a transmission power on which the transmitter will operate, the controller being arranged to reduce a possibility of the transmitter selecting channels detected by the receiver when the transmitter is operating at the higher power level to reduce a possibility of co-channel interference between transmitters of wireless communications relay devices that are not in the narrower operating ranges of each other but whose narrower operating ranges overlap.

16. A device according to claim 15, wherein the controller monitors the selected channel for a conflicting transmission from the another such device and determines whether to operate on the same or a different channel based on detection of the conflicting transmission.

17. A method of channel selection in a network of wireless communications relay devices, the method comprising:

detecting, in at least one device, transmissions;

transmitting, from the at least one device, signals at a lower transmission power for establishing a narrower operating range of the at least one device and a higher transmission power for establishing a wider operating range of the at least one device so that the transmitted signal at the higher transmission power may be detected by another such device which is within the wider operating range of the at least one device but outside of the narrower operating range of the at least one device; and

selecting, when the at least one device is operating at the higher transmission power, a channel and a transmission power on which signals from the at least one device will be transmitted, such that a likelihood of a selection of the same channel as that of the another such device which is within the wider operating range of the at least one device but outside of the narrower operating range of the at least one device is reduced to reduce a likelihood of co-channel interference between transmissions of the at least one device and the another such device, the at least one device and the another such device not being within the narrower operating ranges of each other but whose narrower operating ranges overlap.

18. A method according to claim 17, wherein the at least one device and the another such device each selects a channel on which to attempt to operate, and the at least one device and the another such device each transmits on that selected channel and also monitors the channel for conflicting transmissions from other devices, and determines, from the conflicts detected, whether to operate on the same or a different channel.