Methods and apparatus for patient monitoring
First Claim
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1. A method of detecting disordered respiration in a patient, the method comprising:
- (a) exposing the patient'"'"'s cerebral tissue to radiation, the radiation having at least first and second predetermined wavelengths, the first and second predetermined wavelengths being between about 730 nm to 770 nm, and 790 nm to 830 nm, respectively;
(b) sensing the levels of radiation reflected by the cerebral tissue at the first and second predetermined wavelengths;
(c) in a calibration step;
(i) determining reflection levels for first and second patient orientations; and
,(ii) using the determined reflection levels to determine a calibration factor; and
(d) in a monitoring step;
(i) calculating a blood oxygen index in accordance with the sensed reflected radiation and the calibration factor; and
,(ii) detecting a presence or absence of disordered respiration in the patient based at least in part on changes in the blood oxygen index determined in accordance with the calibration factor.
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Abstract
A respiratory monitoring apparatus that detects changes in physiological parameters relevant to respiration, including blood oxygen and blood volume, using near infrared spectroscopy. Methods for diagnosing respiratory-related events including hypoxia index, hypopnea, arousal, tissue oxygen debt, and respiratory muscle events or distinguishing central from obstructive sleep apnea are also disclosed.
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Citations
31 Claims
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1. A method of detecting disordered respiration in a patient, the method comprising:
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(a) exposing the patient'"'"'s cerebral tissue to radiation, the radiation having at least first and second predetermined wavelengths, the first and second predetermined wavelengths being between about 730 nm to 770 nm, and 790 nm to 830 nm, respectively; (b) sensing the levels of radiation reflected by the cerebral tissue at the first and second predetermined wavelengths; (c) in a calibration step; (i) determining reflection levels for first and second patient orientations; and
,(ii) using the determined reflection levels to determine a calibration factor; and (d) in a monitoring step; (i) calculating a blood oxygen index in accordance with the sensed reflected radiation and the calibration factor; and
,(ii) detecting a presence or absence of disordered respiration in the patient based at least in part on changes in the blood oxygen index determined in accordance with the calibration factor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of monitoring flow response times to hydrostatic pressure adjustments in a patient, the method comprising:
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(a) exposing the patient'"'"'s cerebral tissue to radiation, the radiation having at least first and second predetermined wavelengths, the first and second predetermined wavelengths being between about 730 nm to 770 nm, and 790 nm to 830 nm respectively; (b) sensing the levels of radiation absorbed by the cerebral tissue at the first and second predetermined wavelengths; (c) in a calibration step; (i) determining absorption levels for first and second patient orientations; and
,(ii) using the determined absorption levels to determine a calibration factor; and (d) in a monitoring step; (i) calculating a blood oxygen index in accordance with the sensed absorbed radiation and the calibration factor; and
,detecting a flow response time to a hydrostatic pressure adjustment in the patient based at least in part on changes in the blood oxygen index determined in accordance with the calibration factor.
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15. An apparatus for detecting disordered respiration or a flow response time to a hydrostatic pressure adjustment in a patient, the apparatus comprising:
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(a) a radiation source for exposing the patient'"'"'s cerebral tissue to radiation, the radiation having at least first and second predetermined wavelengths, the first and second predetermined wavelengths being between about 730 nm to 770 nm, and 790 nm to 830 nm respectively; (b) a sensor for sensing the level of radiation reflected by the cerebral tissue at the first and second predetermined wavelengths; and
,(c) a processor for; (i) in a calibration step; (a) determining reflected radiation levels for first and second patient orientations; and
,(b) using the determined absorption levels to determine a calibration factor; and (ii) in a monitoring step; (a) calculating a blood oxygen index in accordance with the sensed absorbed radiation and the calibration factor; and
,(b) detecting a presence or absence of disordered respiration in the patient based at least in part on changes in the blood oxygen index determined in accordance with the calibration factor. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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Specification