Methods for interactively defining transforms and for generating queries by manipulating existing query data

• US 7,574,652 B2
• Filed: 06/20/2003
• Issued: 08/11/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 06/20/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Inventors: Chan, Sammy, Qian, Lena, Yap, Sue-Ken, Worrill, Joshua Brendon, Edgoose, Timothy Charles, Wu, Jing, Lennon, Alison Joan, Van Doan, Khanh Phi
• Primary Examiner(s): DESAI, RACHNA SINGH
• Application Number:
  US10/465,222
• Publication Number:
  US 20040015783A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,244 Days
• Field of Search: 715/523, 715/805, 715/500, 715/248, 715/249, 709/246
• US Class Current: 715/248
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/242 Query formulation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/248 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/258 Data format conversion from or to a database

Abstract

Access to heterogeneous data sources may be obtained by interactively determining transformations for use in mapping at least one source data component from at least one data source to a target data component. Selection of at least one the source data component is detected. A corresponding list of representative data examples is generated for each selected source data component. A resulting list of representative data examples is compiled for the target data component from the lists of representative data examples of the selected source data components, the resulting list of data examples being representative of the target data component. A modification of an example is identified from the resulting list of examples representative of the target data component, the example being modified as a single textual entity. At least one transformation is determined, by inferring from the modified example, to be applied to at least one source data component.

Claims

1. A computer implemented method of interactively determining transformations for use in mapping at least one source data component from at least one source to target data component, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) using a computer to detect selection of at least one said source data component;

(b) for each said selected source data component, generating a corresponding list of representative data examples;

(c) using a computer to compile a resulting list of representative data examples for said target data component from said lists of representative data examples of said selected source data components, said resulting list of representative data examples being a limited subset of the source data components and representative of said target data component;

(d) using a computer to display said resulting list of examples in a graphical user interface;

(e) using a computer to identify a user generated modification of a single textual entity example from said resulting list of examples, wherein said user generated modification is made by a user selecting the single textual entity example from said resulting list of examples displayed in the graphical user interface and then directly modifying the single textual entity example; and

(f) using a computer to determine at least one transformation to be applied to the at least one source data component including its corresponding representative data examples displayed in the graphical user interface, said at least one transformation being selected from a list of solutions, each solution of the list of solutions being based on the modified example and comprising at least one function, wherein said at least one transformation is selected from the list of solutions according to one of;

a length of connectors between said functions; and

a weight assigned to said functions.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein step (b) is performed upon each selection in step (a), and step (c) comprises the sub-steps of:

(ca) initializing said resulting list of representative data examples for said target data component to said list generated in step (b) corresponding to a first selected data source component; and

where at least one subsequent said data source component was selected in step (a),

(cb) concatenating each example of said resulting list with a corresponding example in a list generated for said subsequent data source component.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein step (a) comprises ordering the selection of said source data components, and step (e) comprises detecting selection and editing of said example.

4. A method according to claim 2 wherein generation of said target data component is specified using the W3C Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation Recommendation.

5. A method according to claim 4 wherein a stylesheet resulting from said generation is used to re-purpose components of the at least one selected data source for presentation.

6. A method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

(g) updating said resulting list of representative examples using said determined one or more transformations and said data components obtained from said one or more data sources.

7. A method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

(h) representing the determined transformation using a stylesheet.

8. A method according to claim 1 where said selection of source data components comprises at least one of:

(i) a selection of indicia representing the source data components; and

(ii) a selection of structured data, said structured data comprising a list of representative data examples for said source data component.

9. A method according to claim 1 wherein said step (f) implements a determination by example to derive said transformation.

10. A method according to claim 9, wherein said step (e) comprises an interpretation of a user entered demonstration of a transformation, which structurally transforms the data, and only that part of the example that has been changed by the said modification is considered.

11. A method according to claim 1, wherein said transformation is a unary transform, said unary transform having a single operand, and solutions in which a sequence of unary transforms are performed are considered, with the operand of each step in the transform sequence being the result of the previous step.

12. A method according to claim 1, wherein said transformation is a binary transform involving sequential pairs of data operands.

13. A method according to claim 12 wherein said binary transforms include mathematical functions selected from the group consisting of addition, subtraction, division and multiplication.

14. A method according to claim 1, wherein said transformation is an n-ary operation involving at least two data operands, and solutions in which a sequence of binary transforms are performed with the first operand of each step in the transform sequence being the result of the previous step are considered.

16. A method according to claim 14, wherein said n-ary transforms include operations selected from the group consisting of mm, max and sum.

17. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step (F) comprises interpreting a user entered demonstration of a transformation, which defines a style in which at least a part of the transformed data is to be presented, and said demonstration includes at least one of:

(i) a style applied to the entirety of the result of the transformation; and

(ii) a style applied to data arising from at least one said source component involved in the mapping.

18. A method according to claim 17 wherein said demonstration of style asserts at least one of:

(i) that the data be displayed using a style characteristic selected from the group consisting of bold, italic, underline, superscript, and subscript; and

(ii) that the data be displayed using at least one of a specified font type, font size and colour.

19. A method according to claim 1 wherein said target data component is stored as a named-component of a unique namespace, and said target data component represents a component of a schema view over the at least one selected data source.

20. A method according to claim 1 wherein said target data component of said mapping comprises a dimension consistent with a dimension of the corresponding said source data component.

21. A method according to claim 1 wherein said mapping defines units of said dimension for said target view component and data associated with said source data components of the mapping are converted into said defined units.

22. A method according to claim 1, further comprising extending a set of mappings, said set of mappings acting to provide a unified representation of a collection of heterogeneous data sources and comprising at least one said mapping, said target data component being a constituent part of said unified representation, said extending comprising the steps of:

(1) receiving a data view, said data view having been created for the purposes of exchanging a view of data derived from one or more of said heterogeneous data sources and containing at least one target data component, said target data component resulting from the application of a mapping;

(2) importing, as a constituent part of said set of mappings, mappings associated with said received data view, said importing creating an extended set of mappings; and

(3) creating at least one new data view using said extended set of mappings.

23. A method according to claim 1, further comprising visualizing a collection of heterogeneous data sources using a set of mappings, said set of mappings acting to provide a unified representation of the said collection and comprising at least one said mapping, said target data component being a constituent part of said unified representation, said visualizing comprising the steps of:

(1) selecting a set of mappings to use for the visualization;

(2) selecting at least one data source to be visualized;

(3) identifying, for each selected data source, a schema definition representative of said selected data source, and using said definition to identify all child definitions for said data source, to thereby form a schema view for the selected data sources;

(4) generating a tree representation for said schema view;

(5) applying each of said mappings of said mapping set to said schema view, each application of each said mapping comprising the steps of;

(5a) identifying, for said mapping, said one or more source data components;

(5b) if all said identified source data components exist in said schema view, then performing steps (5ba), (5bb) and (Sbc) as follows;

(5ba) identifying the target data component of said mapping;

(5bb) creating a visual representation of said target data component;

(5bc) updating said schema view by inserting the created visual representation of said target data component into said schema view such that the hierarchical context of the target data component in the schema view is the same as a maximum common hierarchical context of the source view components of the said mapping; and

(6) visually presenting the updated schema view.

15. A method according to claim l wherein said unary transform is selected from the group consisting of:

(i) a string containing a predetermined number of first words of the operand;

(ii) a string containing a predetermined number of words starting from a start word;

(iii) a string containing a predetermined number of first characters of the operand;

(iv) a string representing operand converted to upper case;

(v) a string representing operand converted to lower case;

(vi) a string in which the first characters of all non-conjunction words in the operand are capitalised;

(vii) a string in which the first characters of all words in the operand are capitalised;

(viii) a string in which the operand is translated to the language specified by the XML language;

(ix) a string in which all punctuation in the operand is removed;

(x) a string in which the string text is inserted at a predetermined position in the operand;

(xi) a string in which all the conjunctions in the operand have been removed;

(Xii) a number if the operand can be parsed as a number;

(xiii) a string representing the operand;

(xiv) a value which is the negation of the operand;

(xv) a value of the operand as an integer; and

(xvi) a value of the operand as double precision number.

24. A computer readable storage medium, having a program recorded thereon, where the program is configured to make a computer execute a procedure to interactively determine transformations for use in mapping at least one source data component from at least one data source to a target data component, said program comprising:

code providing for detecting a selection of at least one said source data component;

code for generating a list of representative data examples for each corresponding said selected source data component;

code for compiling a resulting list of representative data examples for said target data component from said lists of representative data examples of said selected source data components, said resulting list of representative data examples being a limited subset of the source data components and being representative of said target data component;

code for displaying a resulting list of examples in a graphical user interface;

code for identifying a user generated modification of a single textual entity example from said resulting list of examples, wherein said user generated modification is made by a user selecting the single textual entity example from said resulting list of examples displayed in the graphical user interface and then directly modifying the single textual entity example; and

code for determining at least one transformation to be applied to at least one source data component including its corresponding representative data examples displayed in the graphical user interface, said at least one transformation being selected from a list of solutions, each solution of the list of solutions being based on the modified example and comprising at least one function, wherein said at least one transformation is selected from the list of solutions according to one of;

a length of connectors between said functions; and

a weight assigned to said functions.

25. A computer apparatus having a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer-executable program executable by the processor for controlling the computer apparatus to interactively determine transformations for use in mapping at least one source data component from at least one data source to a target data component, and wherein the computer-executable program stored in the memory comprises code to cause the computer apparatus to perform the steps of;

selecting at least one said source data component from at least one heterogenous data source;

generating, upon each selection of one said data source component, a list of representative data examples for each corresponding said selected source data component;

compiling a resulting list of representative data examples for said target data component from said lists of representative data examples of said selected source data components, said resulting list of representative data examples being a limited subset of the source data components and being representative of said target data component;

displaying a resulting list of examples in a graphical user interface;

user modification of a single textual entity example from said resulting list of examples,

wherein said user generated modification is made by a user selecting the single textual entity example from said resulting list of examples displayed in the graphical user interface and then directly modifying the single textual entity example; and

determining at least one transformation to be applied to at least one source data component including its corresponding representative data examples displayed in the graphical user interface, said at least one transformation being selected from a list of solutions, each solution of the list of solutions being based on the modified example and comprising at. least one function, wherein said at least one transformation is selected from the list of solutions according to one of;

a length of connectors between said functions.

a weight assigned to said functions.