Distinguishing between different transient conditions for an electric power generation system

• US 7,598,623 B2
• Filed: 04/23/2007
• Issued: 10/06/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 12/29/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cummins Power Generation IP, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Cummins Power Generation IP, Inc.
• Inventors: Peterson, Mitchell E., Fattal, Souren G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ponomarenko; Nicholas
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cuevas; Pedro J
• Application Number:
  US11/788,942
• Publication Number:
  US 20080157591A1
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 290/40.F
• US Class Current: 290/40.00F
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/30 for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/33 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2101/45 for motor vehicles, e.g. car alternators
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/04 Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/307 more than one voltage output
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/48 Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle H02P9/04 - H02P9/46 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

An electric power generation system is described can include a variable speed generator and an engine driving the generator to provide an AC electric power output. The output is monitored for different types of transient conditions. For example, electric current of the output is evaluated to identify a first type of transient condition and power factor of the output is evaluated to identify a second type of transient condition. System adjustment is made based on the condition type. In one form, the system is used to provide electricity on board a vehicle such as a motor coach, ship, or the like. In other forms, the system provides electric power to a remote building that does not have access to a public power grid or the system provides back-up power in case of power grid failure or the like.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

operating an electric power generation system including a variable speed generator coupled to a DC bus, an electrical energy storage device coupled to the DC bus, and an inverter coupled to the DC bus;

generating an AC electric power output from the inverter by providing at least one of variable AC power from the generator and DC power from the electrical energy storage device;

evaluating change in electrical loading of the system to distinguish between three or more different transient conditions; and

providing different transient responses of the system in accordance with the different transient conditions.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein a first one of the different transient conditions corresponds to start-up of two or more air conditioners powered by the system.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein a second one of the different transient conditions corresponds to start-up of a single one of the air conditioners.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein a first one of the different transient responses includes increasing rotational speed of the generator at first rate in response to the first one of the different transient conditions and a second one of the different transient response includes increasing the rotational speed of the generator at a second rate in response to the second one of the transient conditions, the second rate being less than the first rate.

5. The method of claim 1, which includes carrying the system with a vehicle.

6. The method of claim 1, which includes charging the electrical energy storage device and changing the charging of the device for one or more of the different transient responses.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the different transient responses includes:

disabling charging of the electrical energy storage device with the generator;

enabling power boost with the electrical energy storage device to provide the AC electric power output from both the generator and the electrical energy storage device; and

accelerating the generator at a faster rate than for at least one other of the different transient responses.

8. A method, comprising:

carrying a mobile electric power generation system and multiple air conditioners with a vehicle, the electric power generation system including a variable speed generator and engine driving the variable speed generator;

evaluating electrical load change to distinguish between start-up of two or more of the air conditioners and start-up of a single one of the air conditioners; and

providing a first transient response of the system to the start-up of the two or more air conditioners and a second transient response of the system to the start-up of the single one of the air conditioners, the first transient response and the second transient response being different.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first transient response includes increasing rotational speed of the generator at a first rate and the second transient response includes increasing rotational speed of the generator at a second rate less than the first rate.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the system includes a DC bus coupled to the generator, an electrical energy storage device coupled to the DC bus, and an inverter coupled to the DC bus, and further comprising:

converting variable frequency AC power from the generator to DC electric power on the DC bus;

exchanging electrical energy between the DC bus and the electrical energy storage device; and

providing a regulated AC electrical output to the air conditioners from the inverter.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first transient response and the second transient response include the providing of the regulated AC electric power output from both the generator and the electrical energy storage device.

12. The method of claim 8, which includes detecting the start-up of the two or more air conditioners more quickly than the start-up of the single one of the air conditioners.

13. The method of claim 8, which includes charging the electrical energy storage device before detecting the start-up of the two or more air conditioners and the first transient response includes disabling the charging of the electrical energy storage device.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein the second transient response includes:

increasing boost power from the electrical energy storage device;

increasing rotational speed of the generator; and

decreasing the boost power from the electrical energy storage device in response to the generator providing a desired level of AC power.

15. A method, comprising:

carrying a mobile electric power generation system with a vehicle, the electric power generation system including a variable speed generator and engine driving the variable speed generator to provide an AC electric power output with a target waveform period;

evaluating electric current of the AC electric power output over each of a number of different time segments of the target waveform period to identify a first type of transient condition;

evaluating power factor of the AC electric power output over a time period greater than the waveform period to identify a second type of transient condition; and

adjusting operation of the system based on transient condition type.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the vehicle carries several air conditioners and the first type of transient condition corresponds to two or more of the air conditioners starting and the adjusting operation of the system includes increasing rotational speed of the generator at a first rate.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the second type of transient condition corresponds to a single one of the air conditioners starting and the adjusting operation of the system includes increasing rotational speed of the generator at a second rate, the second rate being less than the first rate.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the first type of transient condition corresponds to a larger initial electrical load change than the second type of transient condition.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the system includes an electrical energy storage device and the adjusting operation of the system in response to the first type of transient condition includes:

increasing rotational speed of the generator at a first rate;

disabling charging of the electrical energy storage device; and

providing power from the electrical energy storage device to service an electrical load causing the first type of transient condition.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the system includes an electrical energy storage device and the adjusting operation of the system in response to the second type of transient condition includes:

increasing rotational speed of the generator at a second rate less than the first rate;

increasing power provided from an electrical energy storage device; and

decreasing the power from the electrical energy storage device in response to the generator providing a desire level of power.

21. A system, comprising:

an engine;

a variable speed generator mechanically coupled to the engine, the engine being structured to drive the generator to provide variable frequency AC power;

an electrical energy storage device; and

power control circuitry including a rectifier to convert the variable frequency AC power to DC power, a DC bus coupled to the rectifier and the electrical energy storage device, an inverter coupled to the DC bus to provide a regulated AC electric power output, and a sensing arrangement to monitor the power output, the circuitry being structured to control electrical energy exchange between the DC bus and the electrical energy storage device, the circuitry further including operating logic to evaluate change in electrical loading of the system to distinguish between three or more different transient conditions and generate output signals to adjust at least one of the generator and the electrical energy exchange between the DC bus and the electrical energy storage device.

22. The system of claim 21, further comprising a vehicle carrying the engine, the variable speed generator, the electrical energy storage device, the power control circuitry, and a number of air conditioners, wherein a first one of the different transient conditions corresponds to start-up of two or more air conditioners powered by the system and a second one of the different transient conditions corresponds to start-up of a single one of the air conditioners.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the power control circuitry includes means for increasing rotational speed of the generator at first rate in response to the first one of the different transient conditions and increasing the rotational speed of the generator at a second rate in response to the second one of the transient conditions, the second rate being less than the first rate.

24. The system of claim 21, wherein the power control circuitry includes means for charging the electrical energy storage device and means for providing power from the electrical energy storage device.

25. The system of claim 21, wherein the power control circuitry includes a processor executing the operating logic, the operating logic defining a first one of the different transient conditions as a function of electric current of the AC electric power output over each of a number of different time segments of a target waveform period for the AC electric power output and a second one of the different transient conditions as a function of power factor of the AC electric power output over a time period greater than the waveform period to identify a second type of transient condition.