Multiplexed active biologic array

• US 7,601,301 B2
• Filed: 12/15/2006
• Issued: 10/13/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Gamida for Life B.V.
• Original Assignee: Nanogen, Inc.
• Inventors: Kovacs, Gregory T. A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Soderquist; Arlen
• Application Number:
  US11/639,688
• Publication Number:
  US 20070095671A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,033 Days
• Field of Search: 204/403.01, 204/403.06, 204/406, 204/412, 204/435, 422/68.1, 422 8201- 8203, 422/82.05, 436/73, 436/79, 436 86- 90, 436 93- 95, 436106-113, 436127-132, 436149-151, 436/164, 436/172, 436/501, 436/503, 436/508, 436512-513, 436/518
• US Class Current: 422/82.01
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0046 Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays synthesis methods per se C40B50/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00527 Sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00585 Parallel processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00596 Solid-phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00617 by chemical means
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00621 by physical means, e.g. trenches, raised areas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00653 the compounds being bound to electrodes embedded in or on the solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00722 Nucleotides
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/27 Association of two or more measuring systems or cells, each measuring a different parameter, where the measurement results may be either used independently, the systems or cells being physically associated, or combined to produce a value for a further parameter
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3276 being a hybridisation with immobilised receptors using a FET type sensor G01N27/4145; concerning the hybridisation C12Q1/68
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5438 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/142222 Hetero-O [e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/143333 Saccharide [e.g., DNA, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/144444 Glucose
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/17 Nitrogen containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/170769 N-Nitroso containing [e.g., nitrosamine, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/171538 : Urea or blood urea nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/173845 : Amine and quaternary ammonium
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/20 : Oxygen containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/200833 : Carbonyl, ether, aldehyde or ketone containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/203332 : Hydroxyl containing

Abstract

A method and apparatus for addressing and driving an electrode array includes addressing one or more electrodes within the array using a plurality of row and column lines. In one aspect, a value corresponding to a voltage is stored in a local memory associated with each electrode. The addressed electrodes are then driven at the voltages corresponding to the stored values. In another aspect of the method, a driving element associated with each addressed electrode is selectively coupled with a voltage line so as to charge the electrode with the voltage on the voltage line. The device and methods may be used in the synthesis of biopolymers such as oligonucleotides and peptides.

Claims

1. An electrode array assembly formed on an integrated circuit chip, said electrode array assembly comprising:

a plurality of rows of electrode sites, wherein each row of electrode sites is coupled to a row line;

a plurality of columns of electrode sites, wherein each column of electrode sites is coupled to a column line;

a driving element coupled to each of the electrode sites for delivering an electrical stimulus to each electrode site;

a local memory coupled to said driving element for each of the electrode sites for storing information corresponding to the application of the electrical stimulus that is to be applied to each site; and

an attachment layer disposed adjacent the electrode sites.

2. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the local memory is a binary memory.

3. The electrode array assembly of claim 2 wherein the binary value is a 1 or a 0.

4. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the row lines are coupled to a row decoder.

5. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the column lines are coupled to a column decoder.

6. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the attachment layer is a permeation layer.

7. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the attachment layer is a porous material.

8. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the attachment layer is a gel.

9. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the attachment layer is a membrane.

10. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 further including a polymer sequence coupled to the attachment layer.

11. The electrode array assembly of claim 10 wherein the polymer sequence is a biopolymer sequence.

12. The electrode array assembly of claim 11 wherein the biopolymer sequence is a nucleic acid sequence.

13. The electrode array assembly of claim 10 wherein the porous attachment layer is adapted for combinatorial synthesis of a polymer sequence.

14. The electrode array assembly of claim 1 wherein the row line selectively controls a row select transistor and the column line selectively controls a column select transistor.

15. The electrode array assembly of claim 14 wherein the row select transistor and column transistor are connected in series.

16. The electrode array assembly of claim 15 wherein the series connected transistors connect to the local memory.