Ad hoc communications system

• US 7,609,644 B2
• Filed: 05/07/2004
• Issued: 10/27/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 07/04/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: British Telecommunications (BT Group Plc) (BT Group PLC)
• Original Assignee: British Telecommunications PLC (BT Group PLC)
• Inventors: Tateson, Jane E
• Primary Examiner(s): Ngo; Ricky
• Assistant Examiner(s): Liu; Ben H
• Application Number:
  US10/560,617
• Publication Number:
  US 20060126524A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,999 Days
• Field of Search: 370/246, 370/252, 370/351, 370/412, 370400-401, 370/428
• US Class Current: 370/252
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/02 Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/22 with access to wired networks

Abstract

A number of data collection devices are free to move relative to each other through their environment, collecting data from their environment. They form an ad hoc wireless network in which data collected by a device either by its own sensors, or relayed from another device is transmitted to a destination either directly or by means of one or more other devices. The destination collects data collected by the mobile terminals for subsequent processing. The wireless links between them have to be re-arranged in order to provide the optimum network. When two devices come into proximity to each other, a forwarding direction is determined to identify to which device data should be forwarded. The devices co-operate to define their forwarding directions by exchanging data relating to their physical locations, and factors such as the spare capacity of their buffer stores, and battery condition. Thus a network will be defined dynamically, each device having its forwarding direction aimed in the direction of the next device until they reach a sink.

Claims

1. A mobile data wireless relay device, the device comprising:

receiving means for receiving payload data from a data source;

a buffer for storing payload data for subsequent transmission;

means for receiving status data from similar devices;

status data generation means for generating status data, the status data being derived from the quantity of data in the buffer store and the status data received from other devices comprising data relating to;

the position of the device,

the quantity of data in the buffer store

a scalar forwarding value

and a forwarding direction;

status transmitter memos for transmitting status data to other devices;

selection means for identifying from the status data a receiving device to which the payload data is to be forwarded, the receiving device being located in a position indicated by the forwarding direction; and

payload transmission means for transmitting the payload data to the receiving device;

means for defining a first node and a second node, the nodes being spaced apart by a distance determined by the amount of data stored in the buffer, the first node being assigned a positive value for an attribute q and the second node being assigned a negative value for the attribute q, equal in magnitude to that assigned to the positive node;

the wireless relay device including means for receiving data broadcast by similar wireless relay devices identifying the position data and attribute values of nodes defined by the similar wireless relay devices;

means for generating position values for the first and second nodes based on the attribute values of its own nodes and the positions and attribute values of the nodes defined by the neighboring devices;

means for transmitting the position data and attribute values to similar wireless relay devices; and

means for transmitting payload data to devices that are in the general direction of the second node.

2. A mobile data wireless relay device according to claim 1, comprising means for receiving payload data transmitted by other similar devices.

3. A mobile data wireless relay device according to claim 1, further comprising a data source.

4. A mobile data wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein the selection means is arranged to only identify a suitable receiving device if the scalar forwarding value meets a threshold criterion.

5. A mobile data wireless relay device according to claim 1, further comprising condition-monitoring means for monitoring the expected lifetime of the device, and adjusting the scalar forwarding value accordingly.

6. A mobile data wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein:

the positions of the first and second nodes are determined by determining the position in which the aggregate value of the products of the attribute values of each node with each node of one or more neighboring devices, and an arithmetical function of the distance between them, is a minimum or maximum.

7. A network of wireless relay devices comprising:

a plurality of mobile wireless relay devices capable of receiving payload data,

each said device comprising means for identifying a forwarding direction relative to itself, and means for transmitting data to another of the devices whose current position is in the said forwarding direction and within a predetermined distance,

wherein the devices co-operate to define their forwarding directions such that payload data is transmitted to a target sink device by means of one or more of the wireless relay devices,

each device defines a positive receive node and a negative transmit node, spaced a pre-determined distance apart, and

the devices co-operate to define the positions of the nodes so as to the minimize aggregate distances between nodes having opposite signs, and

the forwarding direction of each device is defined as the direction from its receive node in which its transmit node lies.

8. A method of operating a plurality of mobile data wireless relay devices, said method comprising:

collecting data in buffer stores in one or more such devices;

exchanging status data between the devices, the status data comprising data relating to;

the positions of the devices, and

the quantity of data in their buffer stores;

each device defining, from the status data, a forwarding direction towards which the pay-load data in its buffer store is to be forwarded; and

transmitting the stored payload data to a device located in the forwarding direction,

wherein each device defines a first node and a second node, the nodes being spaced apart by a distance determined by the amount of data stored in the buffer, the first node being assigned a positive value for an attribute q and the second node being assigned a negative value for the attribute q, equal in magnitude to that assigned to the positive node;

position values are generated for the first and second nodes based on the status data of the device and neighboring devices;

transmitting the position data and attribute values to similar wireless relay devices; and

transmitting payload data to devices that are in the general direction of the second node.

9. A method according to claim 8, wherein:

data is only transmitted from a first device to a second device located in its forwarding direction if a scalar forwarding value derived from the status data exceeds a predetermined value.

10. A method according to claim 8, wherein the status data includes a measure of the expected lifetime of the device.

11. A method according to claim 8, wherein:

the positions of the first and second nodes are determined by determining the position in which an aggregate value of the products of the attribute values of each node with each node of one or more neighboring devices, and an arithmetical function of the distance between them, is a minimum or maximum.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein:

the devices co-operate to define the positions of the nodes so as to minimize aggregate distances between nodes having opposite signs, and the forwarding direction of each device is defined as the direction from its receive node in which its transmit node lies.

13. A method according to claim 8, wherein:

the devices co-operate to define their forwarding directions such that payload data is transmitted, by means of one or more of the wireless relay devices, to a target sink device defined by a receive node.