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Substituted phenothiazine redox shuttles for rechargeable lithium-ion cell

  • US 7,615,312 B2
  • Filed: 05/17/2005
  • Issued: 11/10/2009
  • Est. Priority Date: 05/17/2005
  • Status: Expired due to Fees
First Claim
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1. A rechargeable lithium-ion cell comprising:

  • (a) a positive electrode having a recharged potential and comprising LiFePO4, Li2FeSiO4, LixMnO2 (where x is about 0.3 to about 0.4), or MnO2;

    (b) a negative electrode;

    (c) a charge-carrying electrolyte comprising a charge carrying medium comprising a charge carrying medium that includes an organic carbonate and a lithium salt; and

    (d) a cyclable redox chemical shuttle comprising 10-methyl-phenothiazine, 10-ethyl-phenothiazine, 3-chloro-10-ethyl-phenothiazine, 10-isopropyl-phenothiazine, 2-perfluoromethyl-phenothiazine, 10-acetyl-phenothiazine 2-cyano-10-perfluoromethylsulfonyl-phenothiazine, 2-methoxy-10-perfluoromethylsulfonyl-phenothiazine, 2-perfluoromethyl-10-perfluoromethylsulfonyl-phenothiazine, 10-perfluoromethyl-phenothiazine, 10-perfluoromethylsulfonyl-phenothiazine, 10-(1,1,1,2,3,3)-hexafluoropropyl-phenothiazine, or mixtures thereof, whereinthe recharged potential is the potential at which the positive electrode becomes delithiated during the first charge cycle to a lithium level corresponding to at least 90% of the available recharged cell capacity.

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