Gimballed attachment for multiple heat exchangers

• US 7,616,444 B2
• Filed: 05/03/2007
• Issued: 11/10/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 06/04/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Vertiv Corporation (Vertiv Holdings Co.)
• Original Assignee: Cooligy Incorporated (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Munch, Mark, Werner, Douglas E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Thompson; Gregory D
• Application Number:
  US11/800,101
• Publication Number:
  US 20070211431A1
• Time in Patent Office: 922 Days
• Field of Search: 361/719
• US Class Current: 361/719
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 15/0275 Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2023/4081 Compliant clamping elements not primarily serving heat-conduction
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2023/4087 Mounting accessories, interposers, clamping or screwing parts
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/40 Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements heating H01L23/345; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/427 Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes by liquefied gas H01L23/445
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/433 Auxiliary members in containers characterised by their shape, e.g. pistons
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/4338 Pistons, e.g. spring-loaded members
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

Abstract

One or more heat exchangers are coupled to one or more heat sources using a single gimballed joining mechanism. The joining mechanism includes a gimbal plate and a gimbal joint. The gimbal joint enables independent application of a retention force to the heat exchanger as a single-point load. This results in a balanced and centered application of the retaining force over the thermal interface area. The gimbal plate is mounted directly to a circuit board using spring means. The spring means regulate the amount of retention force directed through the gimbal joint to each heat exchanger. Because the gimbal joint is rotation-compliant, the two mating faces making up the thermal interface are forced into a parallel mate. In this manner, a high performance TIM interface is generated.

Claims

1. A joining system comprising:

a. a plurality of heat generating devices mounted to a mounting apparatus;

b. a plurality of heat exchangers, each heat exchanger coupled to a corresponding heat generating device; and

c. a gimbal retention mechanism including a plurality of gimbal joints and one or more spring means, wherein the one or more spring means couple the gimbal retention mechanism to the mounting apparatus, and the plurality of gimbal joints couple the gimbal retention mechanism to the plurality of heat exchangers thereby coupling each heat exchanger to the corresponding heat generating device.

2. The joining system of claim 1 wherein the gimbal retention mechanism and each gimbal joint are configured such that each heat exchanger is independently planarized to the corresponding heat generating device.

3. The joining system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of heat exchangers are comprised of the group consisting of heat sinks, extruded fin heat sinks, crimped fin heat sinks, heat pipe assemblies, fluid-based heat exchangers, cold plates, injection molded heat sinks, forged heat sinks, vapor chambers, thermal siphons, or any combination of one or more thereof.

4. The joining system of claim 1 wherein each gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and each heat exchanger includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

5. The joining system of claim 4 wherein the gimbal retention mechanism further comprises a post coupled to the single-point contact element.

6. The joining system of claim 5 wherein a position of the post is configured to be adjusted.

7. The joining system of claim 4 wherein the single-point contact element is selected from a group consisting of a ball, a hemispherical surface, a point, and an ellipsoid.

8. The joining system of claim 4 wherein the receiving point comprises a depression in a mating surface of the heat exchanger.

9. The joining system of claim 4 wherein the receiving point comprises an opening in a mating surface of the heat exchanger, wherein a width of the opening is smaller than a width of the single-point contact element.

10. The joining system of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of adapter plates, each adapter plate is coupled to a corresponding heat exchanger, wherein each gimbal joint is coupled to the adapter plate of the corresponding heat exchanger.

11. The joining system of claim 10 wherein each gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and each adapter plate includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

12. The joining system of claim 11 wherein a position of the receiving point on each adapter plate coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of each corresponding heat exchanger with the corresponding heat generating device.

13. The joining system of claim 1 wherein each heat exchanger is coupled to the corresponding heat generating device via a thermal interface.

14. The joining system of claim 13 wherein the one or more spring means are configured to apply a retaining force, which is directed through each gimbal joint to the corresponding heat exchanger, thereby forcing each heat exchanger toward the corresponding heat generating device to form the thermal interface.

15. The joining system of claim 14 wherein the one or more spring means are configured to regulate the retaining force applied to each heat exchanger.

16. A joining system comprising:

a. a heat generating device mounted to a mounting apparatus;

b. a heat rejector coupled to the heat generating device, wherein the heat rejector includes a plurality of fins;

c. an adapter plate coupled to a first end of one or more of the plurality of fins; and

d. a gimbal retention mechanism including a gimbal joint and one or more spring means, wherein the gimbal joint is coupled to the adapter plate and the one or more spring means are coupled to the mounting apparatus, thereby coupling the heat rejector to the heat generating device.

17. The joining system of claim 16 wherein the heat rejector comprises a heat sink.

18. The joining system of claim 16 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and the adapter plate includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

19. The joining system of claim 18 wherein a position of the receiving point on the adapter plate coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of the heat rejector with the heat generating device.

20. The joining system of claim 16 wherein the adapter plate includes two or more extensions, each extension is configured to mate with the first end of one of the plurality of fins thereby laterally stabilizing the adapter plate relative to the heat rejector.

21. The joining system of claim 16 the gimbal joint is configured such that the heat rejector self-planarizes to the heat generating device.

22. The joining system of claim 16 wherein the heat rejector is coupled to the heat generating device via a thermal interface.

23. The joining system of claim 22 wherein the one or more spring means are configured to apply a retaining force, which is directed through the gimbal joint to the heat rejector, thereby forcing the heat rejector toward the heat generating device to form the thermal interface.

24. The joining system of claim 23 wherein the one or more spring means are configured to regulate the retaining force applied to the heat rejector.

25. A joining system comprising:

a. a heat generating device mounted to a mounting apparatus;

b. a heat pipe assembly coupled to the heat generating device, wherein the heat pipe assembly includes one or more heat pipes, and a plurality of fins coupled to the one or more heat pipes; and

c. a gimbal retention mechanism including a gimbal joint and one or more spring means, wherein the gimbal joint is coupled to the heat pipe assembly and the one or more spring means are coupled to the mounting apparatus, thereby coupling the heat pipe assembly to the heat generating device.

26. The joining system of claim 25 wherein the heat pipe assembly further comprises a heat spreader coupled to the one or more heat pipes, wherein the heat spreader is coupled to the heat generating device.

27. The joining system of claim 25 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and the heat rejector includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

28. The joining system of claim 27 wherein a position of the receiving point on the heat pipe assembly coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of the heat pipe assembly with the heat generating device.

29. The joining system of claim 25 further comprising an adapter plate coupled to a first end of each of the one or more heat pipes, wherein the gimbal joint is coupled to the adapter plate.

30. The joining system of claim 29 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and the adapter plate includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

31. The joining system of claim 30 wherein a position of the receiving point on the adapter plate coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of the heat pipe assembly with the heat generating device.

32. The joining system of claim 29 wherein the adapter plate includes one or more mating features, one mating feature for each one of the one or more heat pipes, and each mating feature is configured to mate with the first end of one of the one or more heat pipes thereby laterally stabilizing the adapter plate relative to the heat pipe assembly.

33. The joining system of claim 26 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and heat spreader includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

34. The joining system of claim 33 wherein a position of the receiving point on the heat spreader coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of the heat spreader.

35. The joining system of claim 33 wherein the gimbal retention mechanism further comprises a post coupled to the single-point contact element.

36. The joining system of claim 35 wherein a position of the post is configured to be adjusted.

37. The joining system of claim 33 wherein the single-point contact element is selected from a group consisting of a ball, a hemispherical surface, a point, and an ellipsoid.

38. The joining system of claim 33 wherein the receiving point comprises a depression in a mating surface of the heat spreader.

39. The joining system of claim 33 wherein the receiving point comprises an opening in a mating surface of the heat spreader, wherein a width of the opening is smaller than a width of the single-point contact element.

40. The joining system of claim 26 further comprising an adapter plate coupled to the heat spreader, wherein the gimbal joint is coupled to the adapter plate.

41. The joining system of claim 40 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and the adapter plate includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

42. The joining system of claim 41 wherein a position of the receiving point on the adapter plate coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of the heat spreader.

43. The joining system of claim 40 wherein the adapter plate includes one or more mating features configured to mate with the heat spreader thereby laterally stabilizing the adapter plate relative to the heat spreader.

44. The joining system of claim 26 the gimbal joint is configured such that the heat spreader self-planarizes to the heat generating device.

45. The joining system of claim 26 wherein the heat spreader is coupled to the heat generating device via a thermal interface.

46. The joining system of claim 45 wherein the one or more spring means are configured to apply a retaining force, which is directed through the gimbal joint to the heat spreader, thereby forcing the heat spreader toward the heat generating device to form the thermal interface.

47. The joining system of claim 46 wherein the one or more spring means are configured to regulate the retaining force applied to the heat spreader.

48. A joining system comprising:

a. a heat generating device mounted to a mounting apparatus;

b. a heat exchanger coupled to the heat generating device, wherein the heat exchanger includes a plurality of fins; and

c. a gimbal retention mechanism including a gimbal joint and a plurality of mounting stands, each mounting stand includes a spring means, wherein the gimbal joint is coupled to the heat exchanger and each mounting stand is coupled to the mounting apparatus, thereby coupling the heat exchanger to the heat generating device.

49. The joining system of claim 48 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and the heat exchanger includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

50. The joining system of claim 49 wherein the gimbal retention mechanism further comprises a post coupled to the single-point contact element.

51. The joining system of claim 50 wherein a position of the post is configured to be adjusted.

52. The joining system of claim 49 wherein the single-point contact element is selected from a group consisting of a ball, a hemispherical surface, a point, and an ellipsoid.

53. The joining system of claim 49 wherein the receiving point comprises a depression in a mating surface of the heat exchanger.

54. The joining system of claim 49 wherein the receiving point comprises an opening in a mating surface of the heat exchanger, wherein a width of the opening is smaller than a width of the single-point contact element.

55. The joining system of claim 48 further comprising an adapter plate coupled to a first end of one or more of the plurality of fins, wherein the gimbal joint is coupled to the adapter plate.

56. The joining system of claim 55 wherein the gimbal joint comprises a single-point contact element directed outward from the gimbal retention mechanism, and the adapter plate includes a receiving point to mate to the single-point contact element.

57. The joining system of claim 56 wherein a position of the receiving point on the adapter plate coincides to a center position on a thermal contact surface of the heat exchanger with the heat generating device.

58. The joining system of claim 55 wherein the adapter plate includes two or more extensions, each extension is configured to mate with the first end of one of the plurality of fins thereby laterally stabilizing the adapter plate relative to the heat exchanger.

59. The joining system of claim 48 the gimbal joint is configured such that the heat exchanger self-planarizes to the heat generating device.

60. The joining system of claim 48 wherein the heat exchanger is coupled to the heat generating device via a thermal interface.

61. The joining system of claim 60 wherein each spring means is configured to apply a retaining force, which is directed through the gimbal joint to the heat exchanger, thereby forcing the heat exchanger toward the heat generating device to form the thermal interface.

62. The joining system of claim 61 wherein each spring means is configured to regulate the retaining force applied to the heat exchanger.