Acetabular reamer

• US 7,621,915 B2
• Filed: 02/10/2004
• Issued: 11/24/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Original Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Inventors: Miller, Stephen T., Frederick, Phillip, Walter, Russell
• Primary Examiner(s): Barrett; Thomas C
• Assistant Examiner(s): SWIGER III, JAMES L
• Application Number:
  US10/775,353
• Publication Number:
  US 20040225294A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,114 Days
• Field of Search: 606 79- 81, 606/170, 606/180, 30351-353, 303/56
• US Class Current: 606/80
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/00234 for minimally invasive surgery A61B17/0218, A61B17/0469, A61B17/12013, A61B17/1285, A61B17/29, A61B17/320016 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1666 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1684 for the shoulder

Abstract

A reamer especially well suited for use in minimally invasive hip replacement arthroplasty. The reamer is for preparation of a requisite concave surface in the patient'"'"'s acetabulum suitable for the acetabular cup member of a hip prosthesis. The reamer comprises a plurality of raised edges, or cutting teeth, for cutting bone and cartilage, and a plurality of openings through which cut fragments of bone and cartilage enter the reamer body. The bone and cartilage fragments are contained within the reamer body and periodically removed so as not to contaminate the surgical site. The reamer according to certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention is easier to insert and withdraw though a minimally invasive incision in the patients body, and, also, effectively restricts bone fragments from escaping into the surgical wound. The improved reamer according to certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention is not limited to use in minimally invasive surgery.

Claims

1. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer includes a hollow body comprising an exterior surface and a rim, the exterior surface of the hollow body comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body dimensioned substantially as a surface of rotation about a rotational axis, and comprising a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into an interior of the hollow body, and

the at least one second portion forming at least one generally planar exterior surface of the hollow body that extends substantially close to the rim of the reamer so as to capture fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into the interior of the hollow body,

wherein the raised edges are confined to the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body, and

wherein the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body includes a peripheral edge that forms at least a portion of a first arc, and wherein an intersection of the first portion and the at least one second portion forms a second arc that extends continuously from one point on the peripheral edge of the first portion to another point on the peripheral edge of the first portion.

2. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the at least one second portion is oriented in a plane substantially parallel to the rotational axis.

3. The reamer of claim 1, including two second portions.

4. The reamer of claim 3, wherein the two second portions are located in planes substantially parallel to one another.

5. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the surgery is a hip replacement arthroplasty and the bone and the cartilage are the acetabulum of an animal or a human.

6. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer includes a hollow body of a general dome shape comprising a generally dome-shaped exterior surface, the generally dome-shaped exterior surface of the hollow body comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

wherein the first portion of the generally dome-shaped exterior surface of the hollow body comprises a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into an interior of the hollow body, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior of the hollow body,

wherein the raised edges are confined to an area of the first portion in a band straddling a middle portion of the generally dome-shaped exterior surface of the hollow body, and

wherein the at least one second portion forms a portion of the dome-shaped exterior.

7. The reamer of claim 6, wherein the first portion of the generally dome-shaped exterior surface of the hollow body occupies substantially less than half of the hollow body exterior surface.

8. The reamer of claim 6, wherein the surgery is a hip replacement arthroplasty and the bone and the cartilage are in the acetabulum of an animal or a human.

9. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, comprising a hollow dome comprising an exterior surface, the exterior surface of the hollow dome comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow dome dimensioned substantially as a surface of rotation about a rotational axis and comprising a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into an interior of the hollow dome, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior of the hollow dome,

the at least one second portion forming at least one generally planar exterior surface of the hollow dome,

wherein the raised edges are confined to the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow dome.

10. The reamer of claim 9, wherein the at least one second portion substantially encloses the hollow dome.

11. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, comprising a generally dome-shaped hollow body, the body comprising an exterior surface comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

the first portion of the generally dome-shaped hollow body dimensioned substantially as a surface of rotation about a rotational axis, and comprising a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into an interior of the generally dome-shaped hollow body, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior of the generally dome-shaped hollow body,

the at least one second portion forming at least one generally planar exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body,

wherein the raised edges are confined to the first portion of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body.

12. The reamer of claim 11, wherein the at least one second portion of the generally dome-shaped hollow body substantially encloses the hollow body.

13. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer comprises a hollow dome comprising an exterior surface, the exterior surface comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

wherein the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow dome comprises a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into an interior of the hollow dome, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior of the hollow dome,

wherein the raised edges are confined to an area of the first portion in a band straddling a middle portion of the exterior surface of the hollow dome, and

wherein the at least one second portion forms a portion of the exterior surface of the hollow dome.

14. The reamer of claim 13, wherein the at least one second portion is substantially enclosed.

15. The reamer of claim 13, wherein the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow dome occupies substantially less than half of the hollow dome exterior surface.

16. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer comprises a generally dome-shaped hollow body, the hollow body comprising an exterior surface comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

wherein the first portion of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body comprises a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into an interior of the generally dome-shaped hollow body, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior of the generally dome-shaped hollow body,

wherein the raised edges are confined to an area of the first portion in a band straddling a middle portion of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body, and

wherein the at least one second portion forms a portion of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body.

17. The reamer of claim 16, wherein the at least one second portion of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body substantially encloses the hollow body.

18. The reamer of claim 16, wherein the first portion of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body occupies substantially less than half of the exterior surface of the generally dome-shaped hollow body.

19. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer includes a hollow body, the hollow body comprising a rim and an exterior surface comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body dimensioned substantially as a surface of rotation about a rotational axis, and comprising a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into the interior of the hollow body,

the at least one second portion forming at least one generally planar exterior surface of the hollow body that extends substantially close to the rim of the reamer so as to capture fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into the interior of the hollow body,

wherein the raised edges are confined to the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body, and

wherein the first portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body includes a peripheral edge that forms at least a portion of a first arc, and wherein an intersection of the first portion and the at least one second portion forms a second arc that extends continuously from one point on the peripheral edge of the first portion to another point on the peripheral edge of the first portion, and where

the at least one second portion of the exterior surface of the hollow body substantially encloses the hollow body.

20. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage, or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer includes a hollow body of a general dome shape, the hollow body comprising a generally dome-shaped exterior surface, the generally dome-shaped exterior surface of the hollow body comprising a first portion and at least one second portion,

wherein the first portion of the generally dome-shaped exterior surface of the hollow body comprises a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof into the interior of the hollow body, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior of the hollow body,

wherein the raised edges arc confined to an area of the first portion in a band straddling a middle portion of the generally dome-shaped exterior of the hollow body, and

wherein the at least one second portion forms a portion of the dome-shaped exterior surface, and wherein the at least one second portion substantially encloses the hollow body.

21. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer includes a cup-shaped hollow body generally formed as a section of a dome portion or as a truncated dome portion, the hollow body comprising a dome-shaped exterior surface and an open end and a substantially closed end to define an interior volume that is spatially hounded by:

(a) a first portion of the dome-shaped exterior surface comprising a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or combination thereof into the interior volume of the hollow body, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior volume of the hollow body, and

(b) at least one second portion of the dome-shaped exterior surface that intersects with the first portion, wherein the at least one second portion has no raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof or openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or combination thereof into the interior volume of the hollow body, and

wherein, in use, the at least one second portion generally serves to maintain the fragments of bone or cartilage or the combination thereof within the interior volume of the hollow body.

22. The reamer of claim 21, wherein the dome-shaped exterior surface is a spheroidal, ellipsoidal, or spherical exterior surface.

23. A reamer for reaming a bone or a cartilage or a combination thereof, during surgery, wherein the reamer includes a cup-shaped hollow body generally formed as a section of a dome portion or as a truncated dome portion, the hollow body comprising an exterior surface and an open end and a substantially closed end to define an interior volume that is spatially bounded by:

(a) a first portion on the exterior surface dimensioned substantially as a surface of rotation about a rotational axis comprising a plurality of raised edges for cutting the bone or the cartilage or the combination thereof, and a plurality of openings for passing of fragments of the bone or the cartilage or combination thereof into the interior volume of the hollow body, the raised edges comprising a lip configured to capture fragments of the bone or cartilage or the combination thereof and to direct those fragments through the openings into the interior volume of the hollow body, and

(b) at least one second portion on the exterior surface that intersects with the first portion,

wherein, in use, the at least one second portion is configured to maintain the fragments of bone or cartilage or the combination thereof within the interior volume of the hollow body, and

wherein the raised edges are confined to an area of the first portion in a band straddling a middle portion of the exterior surface of the cup-shaped hollow body.

24. The reamer of claim 23, wherein the exterior surface is a spheroidal, spherical, or ellipsoidal surface.