Locator and tracking service for peer-to-peer resources

• US 7,624,179 B2
• Filed: 02/11/2005
• Issued: 11/24/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 11/22/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Bjorner, Nikolaj S., Teodosiu, Dan, Breunig, Markus M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Phillips; Hassan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Patel; Dhairya A
• Application Number:
  US11/056,997
• Publication Number:
  US 20050147044A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,747 Days
• Field of Search: 709/201, 709/203, 709/204, 709/205, 709/206, 709/207
• US Class Current: 709/225
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4511 using domain name system [DNS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4552 Lookup mechanisms between a plurality of directories; Synchronisation of directories, e.g. metadirectories
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/104 Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1072 Discovery involving ranked list compilation of candidate peers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1093 Some peer nodes performing special functions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/329 in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols

Abstract

A resource naming service (RNS) server receives peer resource requests from peer platforms through a networking environment. The RNS server, possibly in cooperation with other RNS servers and peer registrars generates a response to the request to enable the peer platforms to access the requested peer resources. In one embodiment, a response includes a list of locations of peer devices in the networking environment where a resource is expected to be available. A requesting device can then choose to access the resource from one or more of the listed peer locations.

Claims

1. A method performed by a server providing locating service in a peer-to-peer networking environment in which peers publish resources, peers cache resources obtained from other peers, and peers obtain resources cached by other peers, where peers determine locations of resources via a locator service comprised of servers that track names of resources and respective peers storing the named resources, where resources both within and outside the peer-to-peer networking environment are looked up by passing the names of a resource to the locator service, the method comprising:

receiving an assignment of a peer within the peer-to-peer networking environment and in response tracking the network address of the peer;

receiving a plurality resource requests from the peer and through the peer-to-peer networking environment, the resource requests being addressed to the server based on the peer having been assigned to the server, and each resource request containing a resource identifier identifying a resource, where some of the resource requests are for non-peer resources outside the peer-to-peer networking environment, and some of the resource requests are for peer resources available from peers of the peer-to-peer networking environment;

responsive to receiving a resource request from the peer, determining if the resource request is a request for a peer resource or if the resource request is a request for a non-peer resource;

forwarding the resource request to a network source outside the peer-to-peer network if it was determined that the resource request is a request for a non-peer resource;

accessing a locator service indicated by the resource request if it was determined that the resource request is a request for a peer resource, and receiving from said locator service a list of network locations of peers in peer-to-peer networking environment where the peer resource is expected to be available, the list of network locations not including the server, the locator service comprising a plurality of servers to which various peers are assigned, where when a server does not have a peer location for a requested resource such server refers to another server to obtain the peer location; and

sending at least a portion of the list of network locations of peers to the peer to allow the peer to access the peer resource at one or more of the listed network locations.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said resource request is received from one of a web browser running on the peer, a web-enabled application running on the peer, or a peer-to-peer application using an application programming interface (API) of the peer.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining is based on a syntax of the resource request.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the syntax comprises a text string that includes indicia of a protocol.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining comprises:

comparing a realm name of the resource request to a plurality of realm names of peer-to-peer realms, said resource request being determined to correspond to a peer resource if the realm name of the resource request matches one of the realm names in the plurality of realm names.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining comprises:

forwarding the resource request into the peer-to-peer networking environment to determine if the resource request corresponds to a peer resource or a non-peer resource; and

receiving a response from a server to which the resource request was sent, wherein if the response corresponds access to a network resource, the resource request is determined to correspond to a non-peer resource, and if the response indicates that the server device is a locator service, the resource request is determined to correspond to a peer resource.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising:

caching the realm name of the resource request at the server if the resource request is determined to correspond to a peer resource.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein if the resource request is determined to correspond to a peer resource, the method further comprises:

communicating with the locator service to determine if the peer is compatible with a realm of the locator service;

if the peer is determined to be incompatible, treating the resource request as if it corresponds to a non-peer resource, said locator service to supply, as a proxy, a peer network location corresponding to the resource; and

if the peer is determined to be compatible, treating the resource request as corresponding to a peer resource.

9. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining the list of network devices by selecting one or more network locations proximal to the peer.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein accessing the locator service comprises messaging based on binary codes cached within the server to enable compressed communications among devices within the realm.

11. A machine readable storage medium of a server providing locator service in a peer-to-peer networking environment, the machine readable storage medium having stored thereon machine executable instructions to implement a method performed by a server cooperating with other servers to provide a locator service in which servers track peers assigned thereto, peers request from their assigned servers locations of peers having resources, and when a server does not have a peer location of a requested resource the server requests peer locations of the requested resource from another of the servers, the method comprising:

receiving an assignment of a peer within a realm of the peer-to-peer networking environment;

receiving a plurality resource requests from the peer within the peer-to-peer networking environment, the resource requests being addressed to the server based on the peer having been assigned to the server, and each resource request containing a resource identifier identifying a resource, where some of the resource requests are for non-peer resources from outside the peer-to-peer networking environment, and some of the resource requests are for peer resources available from peers of the peer-to-peer networking environment;

responsive to receiving a resource request from the peer, determining if the resource request is a request for a peer resource of if the resource request is a request for a non-peer resource;

forwarding the resource request to a network source outside the peer-to-peer network when it is determined that the resource request is a request for a non-peer resource;

accessing the locator service when it is determined that the resource request is a request for a peer resource, and receiving from said locator service a list or peers in the peer-to-peer networking environment request the peer resource is expected to be available, the list not including the server; and

sending at least a portion of the list of a peers to the peer to allow the peer to access the peer resource at one or more the peers.

12. The machine readable storage medium of claim 11 wherein said resource request is received from one of a web browser running on the peer, a web enabled application running on the peer or a peer-to-peer application using an application programming interface (API) of a peer platform executing on the peer.

13. The machine readable storage medium of claim 11 wherein the determining comprises:

recognizing that the resource request corresponds to a peer resource based on a syntax of the resource request.

14. The machine readable storage medium of claim 13 wherein the resource requests comprises an URL and the recognizing comprises analyzing a protocol name in the URL.

15. The machine readable storage medium of claim 11 wherein the resource requests includes a realm name, and the determining comprises:

comparing the realm name to a plurality of realm names for peer-to-peer realms, said resource request corresponding to a peer resource if the realm name matches one of the plurality of realm names.

16. The machine readable storage medium of claim 11 wherein the determining comprises:

forwarding the resource request into the peer-to-peer networking environment dynamically determine if the resource request corresponds to a peer resource or a non-peer resource.

17. The machine readable storage medium of claim 16, the method further comprising:

caching a realm name of the resource request at the server if the resource request is determined to correspond to a peer resource.

18. The machine readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein if the resource request is determined to correspond to a peer resource, the method further comprises:

communicating with the locator service to determine if the peer is compatible with a realm of the locator service;

if the peer is determined to be incompatible, treating the resource request as if it corresponds to a peer resource.

19. The machine readable storage medium of claim 11 further comprising determining the list of peers by at least one of:

selecting one or more network locations a list of network locations to which to issue a request;

or

selecting one or more network location proximal to the peer.

20. The machine readable storage medium of claim 11 wherein accessing the locator service comprises messaging based on binary codes cached within the server to enable compressed communications among devices within the realm.

21. A hardware apparatus comprising:

a server in a peer-to-peer networking environment to receive an assignment of a peer within a realm of the peer-to-peer networking environment, the server cooperating with other servers to provide a locator service in which servers track peers assigned thereto, peers request from their assigned servers locations of peers having resources, when a server does not have a location of requested resource the server requests the location from another of the servers;

the server to receive resource requests from the peer in the peer-to-peer networking environment, the resource requests being addressed to the server based on the peer having been assigned to the server, and each resource request containing a resource identifier identifying a resource, where some of the resource requests are non-peer resources from outside the peer-to-peer networking environment, and some of the resource requests are for peer resources available from peers of the peer-to-peer networking environment;

said server to determine if a resource request is a request for a peer resource or is a request for a non-peer resource;

said server to forward the resource request to a network source outside the peer-to-peer network when it is determined that resource request is a request for a non-peer resource;

said server to access the locator service indicated when it is determined that the resource request is a request for a peer resource and receiving from the locator service a list network locations of peers in the networking environment where the peer resource is indicated as being available, the list of network locations not including the server; and

said server to send at least a portion of the list or network locations to the peer to allow the peer to access the peer resource at one or more of the listed network locations.