Vehicle control system

• US 7,630,807 B2
• Filed: 03/31/2005
• Issued: 12/08/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 07/15/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Astemo Ltd. (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Shimamura, Kotaro, Yoshimura, Kentaro, Morita, Yuichiro, Minowa, Toshimichi, Kanekawa, Nobuyasu, Takahashi, Yoshiaki, Nakatsuka, Yasuhiro, Kurosawa, Kenichi, Hoshino, Masatoshi, Tsunedomi, Kunihiko, Sasaki, Shoji, Sakurai, Kohei
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Cuong H
• Application Number:
  US11/094,660
• Publication Number:
  US 20060015231A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,713 Days
• Field of Search: 701/2, 701/34, 701/48, 701/201, 701/36, 710/34
• US Class Current: 701/48
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/52 Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2009 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/20 angular
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/24 Steering angle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/26 by pedal actuation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0023 Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0076 relating to braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0092 with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 7/12 for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger limiting speed of vehicles other than rail vehicles B60K31/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/04 including control of propulsion units
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/10 including control of change-speed gearings
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/18 including control of braking systems
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/20 including control of steering systems
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/20 : Steering systems
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/202 : Steering torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/14 : Yaw
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/10 : Accelerator pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/12 : Brake pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/18 : Steering angle
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2554/00 : Input parameters relating to objects
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/00 : Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 40/08 : related to drivers or passengers
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 40/10 : related to vehicle motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/02 : Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/0225 : Failure correction strategy
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/04 : Monitoring the functioning of the control system
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 5/046 : Controlling the motor
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 5/0481 : monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 6/00 : Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits means for initiating a change in direction B62D1/00; steering valves B62D5/06; combined with means for inclining the vehicle body or wheels on bends B62D9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/0796 : Safety measures, i.e. ensuring safe condition in the event of error, e.g. for controlling element
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A vehicle control system which can ensure high reliability, real-time processing, and expandability with a simplified ECU configuration and a low cost by backing up an error through coordination in the entire system without increasing a degree of redundancy of individual controllers beyond the least necessary level. The vehicle control system comprises a sensor controller for taking in sensor signals indicating a status variable of a vehicle and an operation amount applied from a driver, a command controller for generating a control target value based on the sensor signals taken in by the sensor controller, and an actuator controller for receiving the control target value from the command controller and operating an actuator to control the vehicle, those three controller being interconnected via a network. The actuator controller includes a control target value generating unit for generating a control target value based on the sensor signals taken in by the sensor controller and received by the actuator controller via the network when the control target value generated by the command controller is abnormal, and controls the actuator in accordance with the control target value generated by the control target value generating unit.

Claims

1. A vehicle control system comprising:

a sensor controller for taking in sensor signals indicating a status variable of a vehicle and an operation amount applied from a driver;

a command controller for generating a control target value based on the sensor signals taken in by said sensor controller; and

an actuator controller for receiving the control target value from said command controller and operating an actuator to control the vehicle, said sensor controller, said command controller and said actuator controller being interconnected via a network,

wherein said actuator controller includes control target value generating means for generating a control target value based on the sensor signals taken in by said sensor controller and received by said actuator controller via the network when the control target value generated by said command controller is abnormal, and controls said actuator in accordance with the control target value generated by said control target value generating means.

2. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, wherein said sensor controller operates as deceleration instruction means, acceleration instruction means, and steering angle instruction means, said actuator controller operates as braking force control means, driving force control means, and steering angle control means, and said command controller operates as vehicle motion integrated control means for controlling a vehicle motion status, and

wherein when said command controller is abnormal, said braking force control means controls a braking force in accordance with an operation amount applied through said deceleration instruction means, said driving force control means controls a driving force in accordance with an operation amount applied through said acceleration instruction means, and said steering angle control means controls a steering angle in accordance with an operation amount applied through said steering angle instruction means.

3. The vehicle control system according to claim 1, wherein said command controller is constituted as vehicle motion integrated control means comprising:

vehicle status estimating means for estimating a vehicle motion status;

target status computing means for computing a target motion status to be taken by the vehicle;

operation amount computing means for computing an operation force and moment to be generated on the vehicle based on the estimated vehicle motion status and the computed target motion status; and

operation amount computing means for computing respective control target values for said braking force control means, said driving force control means, and said steering angle control means based on the computed operation force and moment.

4. The vehicle control system according to claim 3, wherein the vehicle motion status and the target motion status are each represented by a status variable in a motion of the vehicle as a rigid body.

5. The vehicle control system according to claim 3, wherein said vehicle status estimating means estimates and manages a motion status on a local coordinate system fixed to the vehicle, a motion status on a coordinate system fixed to a particular point, surrounding environment under which the vehicle is running, and a failed state of the control means installed in the vehicle.

6. The vehicle control system according to claim 3, wherein said target status computing means computes a driver'"'"'s intent in maneuvering the vehicle based on respective operation amounts applied through said deceleration instruction means, said acceleration instruction means, and said steering angle instruction means, as well as on the vehicle motion status, computes a limit motion status allowable for the vehicle based on dynamic constants of the vehicle, specifications of the control means installed in the vehicle, and the failed state of the control means installed in the vehicle, and computes the target motion status based on the vehicle motion status, the driver'"'"'s intent in maneuvering the vehicle, and the limit motion status.

7. The vehicle control system according to claim 3, wherein said operation amount computing means computes the operation force and moment on the local coordinate system fixed to the vehicle.

8. The vehicle control system according to claim 3, wherein said operation amount computing means comprises tire vector computing means for computing a tire force vector to be generated per tire based on the computed operation force and moment, and an operation amount allocating section for computing respective control target values for said braking force control means, said driving force control means, and said steering angle control means based on the computed tire force vectors.

9. The vehicle control system according to claim 8, wherein said tire vector computing means computes the tire force vector on the local coordinate system fixed to the vehicle.

10. The vehicle control system according to claim 8, wherein said operation amount allocating section is prepared corresponding to configurations of said braking force control means, said driving force control means, and said steering angle control means, which are installed in the vehicle.

11. The vehicle control system according to claim 2, further comprising driving force control means including at least one driving force generator shared by a plurality of driving wheels,

wherein said driving force control means executes control to receive per driving wheel, from said vehicle motion integrated control means, a driving force to be generated for each of said driving wheels, and to regulate at least two of an engine, a transmission and an electric motor in an integrated manner, thereby generating the driving force on each of said driving wheels.

12. A vehicle control system comprising an operation amount generating node for computing an operation amount command value based on driver'"'"'s demand signals and vehicle status signals from sensors, and actuator driving nodes each controlling an actuator in accordance with the operation amount command value from said operation amount generating node, thereby driving, steering and braking a vehicle,

wherein each of said nodes has a failure detecting function and operates such that, when a failure is detected in itself with the failure detecting function, the relevant node does not make any action externally of the relevant node except for notifying that the relevant node is in a failed state, and when a failure occurs in any node, the other normal nodes than the failed node switch over control in accordance with a failure detecting notification from the failed node, thereby continuing normal operation as an entire system.

13. The vehicle control system according to claim 12, wherein each of said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors is connected to a communication network, and when a failure of the relevant sensor is detected, the relevant sensor does not make any action externally of the relevant sensor except for notifying that the relevant sensor is in a failed state.

14. The vehicle control system according to claim 12, wherein said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors, said operation amount generating node, and said actuator driving node are connected to the same communication network.

15. The vehicle control system according to claim 14, wherein when said operation amount generating node receives the failure detection notification from the failed node, said operation amount generating node switches over control depending on a failure position so that a vehicle running state is kept stable.

16. The vehicle control system according to claim 14, wherein each of said actuator driving nodes has a function of generating an operation amount command value based on the signals from said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors when the operation amount command value is not receivable from said operation amount generating node, and said operation amount generating node switches over control from a normal mode to a mode for realizing the operation amount command value generating function so that the vehicle running state is kept stable, when the operation amount command value is not receivable from said operation amount generating node.

17. The vehicle control system according to claim 14, wherein said communication network is installed plural with redundancy.

18. The vehicle control system according to claim 17, wherein said communication network comprises a main bus and a backup bus, said main bus being connected to all of said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors, said operation amount generating node and said actuator driving nodes, said backup bus being connected to a part of said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors and a part of said actuator driving nodes, and wherein, in the event of a failure of said main bus, each of said actuator driving nodes generates an operation amount command value based on the sensor signals so that a vehicle running state is kept stable.

19. The vehicle control system according to claim 13, wherein each of said sensors comprises a plurality of sensor elements, A/D converters for converting outputs of said plurality of sensor elements to digital values, a match checking function for a plurality of A/D-converted values, a filter function, and a communication interface.

20. The vehicle control system according to claim 14, wherein said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors include a steering angle sensor for measuring a steering wheel rotational angle, a brake pedal position sensor for measuring a brake pedal step-down amount, and an accelerator pedal position sensor for measuring an accelerator pedal step-down amount;

said operation amount generating node is constituted as a vehicle motion integrated controller and a driving-system integrated controller, said vehicle motion integrated controller interpreting a driver'"'"'s intent based on the signals from said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors and controlling a vehicle motion in an integrated manner in combination with the signals from said vehicle status detecting sensors, said driving-system integrated controller interpreting a driver'"'"'s intent based on the signals from said driver'"'"'s demand detecting sensors and controlling a driving system of the vehicle in an integrated manner in combination with the signals from said vehicle status detecting sensors; and

said actuator driving nodes are constituted as a steering actuator driving controller for controlling a steering actuator which generates a steering force, a brake actuator driving controller for controlling a brake actuator which generates a braking force, and a suspension actuator driving controller for controlling a suspension actuator which adjusts a damping force,

said nodes being connected to the same communication network.

21. The vehicle control system according to claim 20, wherein a radar or a camera for detecting a situation outside the vehicle is connected to said communication network.

22. The vehicle control system according to claim 20, wherein said accelerator pedal position sensor is connected to said communication network and is further connected to an engine controller for receiving a torque command value from said driving-system integrated controller and controlling an engine in accordance with the received torque command value.

23. The vehicle control system according to claim 20, wherein when a brake pedal and a braking force generating mechanism are not coupled mechanically to each other, at least said brake pedal position sensor is constituted to enable normal operation to be continued even in the occurrence of a single failure.

24. The vehicle control system according to claim 20, wherein when a steering wheel and a steering force generating mechanism are not coupled mechanically to each other, said steering angle sensor and said steering actuator driving controller are constituted to enable normal operation to be continued even in the occurrence of a single failure, and said steering actuator is installed plural with redundancy.

25. The vehicle control system according to claim 24, wherein a force generated by each of said plurality of steering actuators is smaller than a force generated by said steering actuator when said steering wheel and said steering force generating mechanism are mechanically coupled to each other.

26. The vehicle control system according to claim 24, wherein said steering actuator driving controller comprises a plurality of driving nodes with redundancy each constituted such that, when a failure in the relevant node is detected, the relevant node does not make any action externally of the relevant node except for notifying that the relevant node is in a failed state, and wherein said driving nodes drive said steering actuators in redundant arrangement independently of one another.

27. The vehicle control system according to claim 23, wherein each of said brake pedal position sensor and said steering angle sensor is constituted with redundancy and comprises a plurality of sensor elements, A/D converters for converting outputs of said plurality of sensor elements to digital values, a match checking function for a plurality of A/D-converted values, a filter function, and a communication interface.

28. The vehicle control system according to claim 23, wherein each of said brake pedal position sensor and said steering angle sensor comprises at least three sensor elements, A/D converters for converting outputs of said plurality of sensor elements to digital values, a majority decision function for a plurality of A/D-converted values, a filter function, and a communication interface.

29. A vehicle control system comprising an operation amount generating node for generating an operation amount, a correction amount generating node for generating a correction amount, and an actuator driving node for driving an actuator,

wherein said actuator driving node controls said actuator by using, as a control target value, a value obtained by adding the correction amount from said correction amount generating node to the operation amount from said operation amount generating node when said correction amount generating node is normal, and controls said actuator by using, as the control target value, the operation amount from said operation amount generating node when said correction amount generating node is abnormal.

32. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said operation amount generating node generates the operation amount based on an angle by which a steering column is operated, and said actuator driving node drives a steering mechanism.

33. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said operation amount generating node generates the operation amount based on an angle or a stepping-down force by which a brake pedal is operated, and said actuator driving node drives a brake provided on a wheel.

34. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said correction amount generating node is connected to an acceleration sensor or a yaw rate sensor and generates the correction amount based on an output of said acceleration sensor or said yaw rate sensor.

35. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said correction amount generating node is connected to an acceleration sensor or a yaw rate sensor and generates the correction amount based on an output of said acceleration sensor or said yaw rate sensor and the operation amount generated by said operation amount generating node.

36. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said correction amount generating node is a node having higher processing performance than said operation amount generating node.

37. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said correction amount generating node is a node having a higher operation frequency than said operation amount generating node.

38. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said operation amount generating node is a node having a lower failure rate than said correction amount generating node.

39. The vehicle control system according to claim 29, wherein said correction amount generating node has a failure detecting function.

30. A vehicle control system comprising an operation amount generating node for generating an operation amount, a correction amount generating node for generating a correction amount, and an actuator driving node for driving an actuator,

wherein said actuator driving node controls said actuator by using, as a control target value, a value obtained by adding the correction amount generated from said correction amount generating node to the operation amount from said operation amount generating node when said correction amount generating node is normal, and controls said actuator by using, as the control target value, a value obtained by adding, to the operation amount from said operation amount generating node, a value resulting from multiplying the correction amount prior to the occurrence of an abnormality by a coefficient when said correction amount generating node is abnormal.

31. The vehicle control system according to claim 30, wherein said coefficient is reduced at a predetermined time constant with the lapse of time from a point in time at which an abnormality has occurred in said correction amount generating node.

40. A vehicle control system for driving, steering and braking a vehicle, said vehicle control system comprising:

a node for detecting a driver'"'"'s demand and outputting a corresponding signal;

an operation amount generating node for computing an operation amount command value based on the driver'"'"'s demand signal and outputting a corresponding signal; and

an actuator driving node for controlling an actuator in accordance with the operation amount command value from said operation amount generating node, said three nodes being arranged in a decentralized manner,

wherein each of said three nodes includes a data reception table storing the signals outputted from the other nodes and has a function of detecting a failure of the other nodes by determining data stored in said data reception table.

41. The vehicle control system according to claim 40, wherein said data reception table includes information representing the time of each message, and each node has a function of determining that a message transmission source or a communication path does not operate normally or has recovered to a normal state, when a time delay is larger than a predetermined value.

42. The vehicle control system according to claim 40, wherein said data reception table includes a failure vote section, and each node has a function of identifying a failed node or a node having recovered to a normal state in accordance with a predetermined algorithm.

43. The vehicle control system according to claim 42, wherein each node outputs, as failure votes, failure diagnosis information of the other nodes so that failure determination results of the individual nodes are shared by all the nodes.