Optical add/drop multiplexer with reconfigurable add wavelength selective switch

• US 7,634,196 B2
• Filed: 10/06/2004
• Issued: 12/15/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 10/06/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Gerstel, Ornan, Piciaccia, Stefano, Johnson, Ronald, Macchi, Mauro, Casanova, Mauro Rudi
• Primary Examiner(s): Vanderpuye; Ken N
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEUNG, WAI LUN
• Application Number:
  US10/959,366
• Publication Number:
  US 20060072918A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,896 Days
• Field of Search: 398/7, 398/79, 398/83
• US Class Current: 398/83
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0204 Broadcast and select arrangements, e.g. with an optical splitter at the input before adding or dropping
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0205 Select and combine arrangements, e.g. with an optical combiner at the output after adding or dropping
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0212 using optical switches or wavelength selective switches [WSS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0213 Groups of channels or wave bands arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0219 Modular or upgradable architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0221 Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/02216 by gain equalization
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0005 Switch and router aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0075 Wavelength grouping or hierarchical aspects

Abstract

A reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer and its method of operation at an add/drop node on an optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals is described. The WDM add/drop multiplexer has a coupler and a demultiplexer element dropping WDM signals from the optical fiber to a plurality of drop terminals, and a wavelength-selective switch adding WDM signals from a plurality of add terminals onto the optical fiber. The coupler splits the WDM signals received from the optical fiber and passes the split WDM signals to the first and second output terminals. The demultiplexer element separates the split WDM signals at the plurality of drop terminals. The wavelength-selective switch, which has an input terminal for connection to the second coupler output terminal and an output terminal for connection to the optical fiber, selectively adds WDM signals on the plurality of add terminals to the optical fiber responsive to control signals.

Claims

1. A reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer operative as an add/drop node on an optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals, said add/drop multiplexer comprising:

a coupler splitting said WDM signals on said optical fiber, said coupler having an input terminal for connection to said optical fiber, and first and second output terminals for said split WDM signals from said optical fiber;

a demultiplexer element connected to said first coupler output terminal, said demultiplexer separating said split WDM signals at a plurality of drop terminals; and

a wavelength-selective switch having a demultiplexer element having a plurality of output terminals and an input terminal for connection to said second coupler output terminal a multiplexer having a plurality of input terminals and an output terminal for connection to said optical fiber, and a plurality of 2×

1 switches, each connected to one of said demultiplexer output terminals, one of said multiplexer input terminals and one of a plurality of add terminals, each switch either connecting said multiplexer input terminal to said demultiplexer output terminal or to said add terminal in response to a control signal, whereby said wavelength-selective switch selectively adds WDM signals on said plurality of add terminals responsive to control signals.

2. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 1 wherein said coupler splits power of said WDM signals evenly to said first and second coupler output terminals.

3. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 1 wherein said coupler splits power of said WDM signals unevenly to said first and second coupler output terminals.

4. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 3 wherein said coupler splits no less than 80 percent of said WDM signal power to said second coupler output terminal.

5. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 1 further comprising a first monitoring point at said wavelength-selective switch demultiplexer input terminal, a second monitoring point at said wavelength-selective switch multiplexer output terminal, a plurality of third monitoring points, each third monitoring point between each 2×

1 switch and its connected wavelength-selective switch multiplexer input terminal, and a plurality of fourth monitoring points, each fourth monitoring point between each 2×

1 switch and its connected add terminal.

6. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 5 wherein said plurality of monitoring points include a fifth monitoring point at said first coupler output terminal, and a sixth monitoring point at said second coupler output terminal.

7. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 1 wherein each 2×

1 switch is implemented in a technology selected from the group comprising MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical System) and (PLC) Programmable Logic Controller devices.

8. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of variable optical attenuators, each variable optical attenuator connected between one of said plurality of 2×

1 switches and its connected multiplexer input terminal.

9. A method of operating an add/drop node on a optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals, said method comprising

splitting said WDM signals on said optical fiber into first and second paths;

separating said WDM signals on said first path at a plurality of drop terminals;

separating said WDM signals on said second path into a plurality of wavelength paths;

selectively adding WDM signals on a plurality of add terminals into at least some of said wavelength paths and by selectively adding said WDM signals, blocking said separated signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths, responsive to control signals, including adding WDM signals on one add terminal into said one wavelength path and blocking said separated signals on said one wavelength path for each one of said at least some of said wavelength paths; and

combining said added WDM signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths and nonblocked separated signals on a balance of said wavelength paths into said optical fiber.

10. The method of claim 9 herein said splitting step comprises splitting WDM signal power evenly between said first and second paths.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein said splitting step comprises splitting WDM signal power unevenly between said first and second paths.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein no less than 80 percent of said WDM signal power is sent to said second path.

13. The method of claim 9 further comprising a monitoring step including:

monitoring WDM signal power on said second path before said WDM signals are separated;

monitoring WDM signal power on said optical fiber after said added WDM signals and said nonblocked separated signals are combined;

monitoring WDM signal power on each of said wavelength paths before said added WDM signals and said nonblocked separated signals are combined; and

monitoring WDM signal power on each of said add terminals.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein said monitoring step further includes:

monitoring WDM signal power on said first path before said WDM signals are split; and

monitoring WDM signal power on said second path before said WDM signals are split.

15. The method of claim 13 further comprising in response to said monitoring step, controlling said WDM signal power on each of said wavelength paths before said added WDM signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths and nonblocked separated signals on a balance of said wavelength paths are combined into said optical fiber.

16. A reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer operative as an add/drop node on an optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals, said add/drop multiplexer comprising:

means for splitting said WDM signals on said optical fiber into first and second paths;

means for separating said WDM signals on said first path at a plurality of drop terminals;

means for separating said WDM signals on said second path into a plurality of wavelength paths;

means for selectively adding WDM signals on a plurality of add terminals into at least some of said wavelength paths and by selectively adding said WDM signals, blocking said separated signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths, responsive to control signals, including means for adding WDM signals on one add terminal into said one wavelength path and blocking said separated signals on said one wavelength path for each one of said at least some of said wavelength paths; and

means for combining said added WDM signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths and nonblocked separated signals on a balance of said wavelength paths into said optical fiber.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said means for splitting comprises means for splitting WDM signal power evenly between said first and second paths.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein said means for splitting comprises means for splitting WDM signal power unevenly between said first and second paths.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein no less than 80 percent of said WDM signal power is sent to said second path.

20. The method of claim 16 further comprising means for monitoring including:

means for monitoring WDM signal power on said second path before said WDM signals are separated;

means for monitoring WDM signal power on said optical fiber after said added WDM signals and said nonblocked separated signals are combined;

means for monitoring WDM signal power on each of said wavelength paths before said added WDM signals and said nonblocked separated signals are combined; and

means for monitoring WDM signal power on each of said add terminals.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein said means for monitoring further includes:

means for monitoring WDM signal power on said first path before said WDM signals are split; and

means for monitoring WDM signal power on said second path before said WDM signals are split.

22. The method of claim 20 further comprising in response to said means for monitoring step, means for controlling said WDM signal power on each of said wavelength paths before said added WDM signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths and nonblocked separated signals on a balance of said wavelength paths are combined into said optical fiber.

23. A reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer operative as an add/drop node on an optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals, said add/drop multiplexer comprising:

a coupler splitting said WDM signals on said optical fiber, said coupler having an input terminal for connection to said optical fiber, and first and second output terminals for said split WDM signals from said optical fiber;

a demultiplexer element connected to said first coupler output terminal, said demultiplexer separating said split WDM signals at a plurality of drop terminals; and

a wavelength-selective switch having an input terminal for connection to said second coupler output terminal, an output terminal for connection to said optical fiber, said wavelength-selective switch selectively adding WDM signals on a plurality of add terminals responsive to control signals, said wavelength-selective switch automatically blocking all WDM signals from said coupler corresponding to WDM signals selectively added through said plurality of add terminals.

24. The reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer of claim 23 wherein said wavelength-selective switch comprises

a demultiplexer element having a plurality of output terminals and an input terminal comprising said wavelength-selective switch input terminal;

a multiplexer having a plurality of input terminals and an output terminal comprising said wavelength-selective switch output terminal; and

a plurality of 2×

1 switches, each connected to one of said demultiplexer output terminals, one of said multiplexer input terminals and one of said add terminals, each switch either connecting said multiplexer input terminal to said demultiplexer output terminal or to said add terminal in response to one of said control signals.

25. A method of operating an add/drop node on a optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals, said method comprising

splitting said WDM signals on said optical fiber into first and second paths;

separating said WDM signals on said first path at a plurality of drop terminals only;

separating said WDM signals on said second path into a plurality of wavelength paths;

selectively adding WDM signals on a plurality of add terminals into at least some of said wavelength paths and by selectively adding said WDM signals, blocking said separated signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths, responsive to control signals; and

combining said added WDM signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths and nonblocked separated signals on a balance of said wavelength paths into said optical fiber.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein said selectively adding and blocking step comprises:

for each one of said at least some of said wavelength paths, adding WDM signals on one add terminal into said one wavelength path and blocking said selected signals on said one wavelength path.

27. A reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer operative as an add/drop node on an optical fiber carrying a plurality of WDM signals, said add/drop multiplexer comprising:

means for splitting said WDM signals on said optical fiber into first and second paths;

means for separating said WDM signals on said first path at a plurality of drop terminals only;

means for separating said WDM signals on said second path into a plurality of wavelength paths;

means for selectively adding WDM signals on a plurality of add terminals into at least some of said wavelength paths and by selectively adding said WDM signals, blocking said separated signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths, responsive to control signals; and

means for combining said added WDM signals on said at least some of said wavelength paths and nonblocked separated signals on a balance of said wavelength paths into said optical fiber.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein said means for selectively adding and blocking comprises:

for each one of said at least some of said wavelength paths, means for adding WDM signals on one add terminal into said one wavelength path and blocking said selected signals on said one wavelength path.