Orthogonal pulse polarity modulation

• US 7,636,380 B2
• Filed: 05/17/2004
• Issued: 12/22/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 05/17/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Xu, Weiyu, Yao, Richard Yuqi, Guo, Zihua, Zhu, Wenwu
• Primary Examiner(s): Liu; Shuwang
• Assistant Examiner(s): LAM, KENNETH T
• Application Number:
  US10/847,259
• Publication Number:
  US 20050254553A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,045 Days
• Field of Search: 375/130
• US Class Current: 375/130
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71632 Signal aspects H04B1/7172 and H04B1/7176 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71637 Receiver aspects H04B1/7183 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7172 Pulse shape in general H04L25/03834

Abstract

Orthogonal pulse polarity modulation involves wireless communication in which the polarity of modulating pulses are set responsive to positive and negative character values of a corresponding code sequence. In a described implementation, data is converted to chip waveforms, spectrum lines are removed, and pulses are appropriately shaped. For example, a data bit stream may be converted into chip waveforms using a bit stream-to-symbol segmenter, a symbol-to-code sequence mapper, and a code sequence-to-chip waveform transformer. The polarities of respective individual chips in a given chip waveform match the signs of respective individual characters in a corresponding code sequence.

Claims

1. A device comprising:

one or more processors;

one or more computer-readable storage media comprising data signal modulation logic executable on the one or more processors to;

modulate data using orthogonal code sequences to convert the data into chip waveforms having chip polarity information that encodes sign value information from the orthogonal code sequences; and

a transceiver to transmit a wireless signal carrying the modulated data to another device;

wherein the data signal modulation logic is further adapted to;

modulate the data using a pulse-shaping baseband waveform that is derived based on a frequency-dependent path loss and a power spectrum density constraint to create a more power efficient pulse, wherein the pulse-shaping baseband waveform comprises;

a fifth-order Gaussian derivative waveform for single-band ultra wideband (UWB) systems; and

a root-raised-cosine waveform with a roll-off factor set between 0.2 and 0.5, inclusive, for multiband UWB systems; and

modulate the data by removing at least one spectrum line from a power spectrum density of the wireless signal carrying the modulated data, wherein the at least one spectrum line is removed by the data signal modulation logic by balancing chip polarities of the chip waveforms;

wherein sign value information for respective characters of the orthogonal code sequence is reflected in a corresponding chip waveform by chip polarities of respective individual chips of the corresponding chip waveform.

2. The device as recited in claim 1, wherein the data signal modulation logic is further adapted to balance chip polarities of the chip waveforms by multiplying characters of the orthogonal code sequences by pseudorandom numbers.

3. The device as recited in claim 1, wherein an impulse width parameter of the fifth-order Gaussian derivative waveform is set between 0.055 and 0.065 nanoseconds, inclusive.

4. The device as recited in claim 3, wherein the impulse width parameter of the fifth-order Gaussian derivative waveform is set to 0.0645 nanoseconds.

5. A device comprising:

a transceiver that is capable of transmitting configured to transmit wireless communications from the device;

a processor; and

one or more computer-readable storage media including data signal modulation logic that is at least partially executable by the processor, the data signal modulation logic configured to remove at least one spectrum line in a power spectrum density of a data signal to be transmitted from the device and to another device via the transceiver by balancing chip polarities in chip waveforms created for transmission of the data signal, such that a number of positive chip polarities in the chip waveforms is approximately equal to a number of negative chip polarities over time;

wherein the data signal modulation logic is also configured to;

(i) modulate the data signal to be transmitted from the device to the another device using chip waveforms having pulses with positive and negative polarities that are set responsive to positive and negative sign values of corresponding code sequences, and (ii) modulate the data using a pulse-shaping baseband waveform that is derived based on a frequency-dependent path loss and a power spectrum density constraint to create a more power efficient pulse, wherein the pulse-shaping baseband waveform comprises a fifth-order Gaussian derivative waveform for single-band ultra wideband (UWB) systems and a root-raised- cosine waveform with a roll-off factor set between 0.2 and 0.5, inclusive, for multiband UWB systems.

6. The device as recited in claim 5, wherein the data signal modulation logic is further configured to remove the at least one spectrum line in the power spectrum density of the data signal by multiplying a pseudorandom number sequence with code sequences corresponding to the chip waveforms.

7. The device as recited in claim 6, wherein pseudorandom numbers of the pseudorandom number sequence that are multiplied with the code sequences are selected from a group comprising “

+1” and

“

−

1”

.

8. The device as recited in claim 5, wherein the data signal modulation logic is comprised of one or more of at least one analog component, hardware, software, or firmware.

9. One or more computer-readable storage media comprising processor-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, direct a computing device to perform actions comprising:

segmenting a data bit stream into multiple symbols;

mapping the segmented symbols into multiple corresponding code sequences;

transforming the mapped code sequences into corresponding chip waveforms in which chip polarities match sign values of the corresponding code sequences, wherein each sign value of the corresponding code sequences is reflected in the chip polarity of the corresponding chip waveform;

removing at least one spectrum line from a data signal to be transmitted by balancing the chip polarities in the chip waveforms, such that a number of positive chip polarities is approximately equal to a number of negative chip polarities over time;

modulating the data signal to be transmitted using a pulse-shaping baseband waveform that is derived based on a power spectrum density constraint and frequency-dependent path loss to create a more power efficient pulse, wherein the pulse-shaping baseband waveform comprise a fifth-order Gaussian derivative waveform for single-band ultra wideband (UWB) systems and a root-raised-cosine waveform with a roll-off factor set between 0.2 and 0.5, inclusive, for multiband UWB systems.

10. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 9, wherein the chip polarities match the sign values by positive chip polarities matching positive sign values and negative chip polarities matching negative sign values.

11. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 9, wherein the chip polarities match the sign values by positive chip polarities matching negative sign values and negative chip polarities matching positive sign values.

12. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 9, wherein the corresponding code sequences are orthogonal to one another.

13. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 9, wherein the action of removing comprises an action of:

multiplying the multiple code sequences by a pseudorandom number sequence.

14. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 9, wherein each chip of each chip waveform is realized as at least one pulse.

15. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 14, comprising the processor-executable instructions that, when executed, direct the device to perform a further action comprising:

shaping the at least one pulse of each chip using the pulse-shaping baseband waveform that comprises the fifth-order Gaussian derivative.

16. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 15, wherein the action of shaping comprises an action of:

shaping the at least one pulse of each chip using the pulse-shaping baseband waveform that comprises the fifth-order Gaussian derivative in which an impulse width parameter of the fifth-order Gaussian derivative is set between 0.055 and 0.065 nanoseconds, inclusive.

17. The one or more processor-accessible media as recited in claim 9, wherein the one or more processor-accessible media comprise at least one of (i) one or more storage media or (ii) one or more transmission media.

18. An arrangement for orthogonal pulse polarity modulation, comprising:

conversion means for converting data to code sequences;

shaping means for shaping pulses forming chips of chip waveforms used in transmission of the data as modulated, wherein the data is modulated using a pulse-shaping baseband waveform that is derived based on a power spectrum density constraint and a frequency-dependent path loss to create a more power efficient pulse, wherein the pulse-shaping baseband waveform comprises a fifth-order Gaussian derivative waveform for single-band ultra wideband (UWB) systems a root-raised-cosine waveform with a roll-off factor set between 0.2 and 0.5, inclusive, for multiband UWB systems; and

removal means for removing spectrum lines from a power spectrum density of the transmission of the modulated data;

wherein chip polarities within a given chip waveform vary in accordance with sign values of a corresponding code sequence and each sign value of a corresponding code sequence is reflected in the chip polarity of the corresponding chip waveform; and

wherein the removal means comprises balance means for balancing chip polarities of each chip waveform, such that a number of positive chip polarities is approximately equal to a number of negative chip polarities over time.

19. The arrangement as recited in claim 18, further comprising:

transceiver means for transmitting without spectrum lines the modulated data using the shaped pulses.

20. The arrangement as recited in claim 18, wherein the conversion means comprises:

segmentation means for segmenting the data into M-bit symbols.

21. The arrangement as recited in claim 20, wherein the conversion means further comprises:

map means for mapping the M-bit symbols to corresponding code sequences of a set of 2^M code sequences.

22. The arrangement as recited in claim 18, wherein the shaping means further comprises:

transformation means for transforming the code sequences into corresponding chip waveforms.

23. The arrangement as recited in claim 18, wherein the arrangement comprises at least one of (i) one or more processor-accessible media or (ii) at least one device.