Guided random seek support for media streaming
First Claim
1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:
- identifying a quantity of segments of a media file to be prefetched;
generating a usage model reflecting expected next segments a user will seek when accessing a media file, the usage model including one of;
an empirical usage model statistically summarizing usage data representing a manner in which prior users have accessed segments of a media file,an initial usage model representing a predicted manner in which users are expected to access segments of the media file, andthe initial usage model augmented by the usage data representing the manner in which users have accessed segments of the media file; and
identifying a prefetching model from the usage model to reduce a seeking delay in accessing one or more next segments by prefetching one or more expected next segments identified from the usage model, wherein identifying the prefetching model includes;
representing the usage model as a probability function of a user seeking a particular segment, wherein the probability function is a function including representations of;
access occurrences for each segment,seeking occurrences for each segment, andboth the access occurrences and the seeking occurrences for each segment, wherein the probability function p(x) includes;
p(x)=C×
Pp(X)×
Ps(x)where;
x represents each of the segments of the media file,C represents a normalization factor,Pp(x) represents the access occurrences for each segment x, andPs(x) represents the seeking occurrences for each segment x, andderiving the prefetching model from the usage model to minimize a seeking distance; and
prefetching the segments in accordance with the prefetching model.
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Abstract
Seek support facilitates convenient access to portions of a media file a user wishes to access. Seek support is provided by a usage model based on prior users'"'"' access of a media file or expected user access patterns. The usage model reflects expected next segments a user will seek when accessing the media file. A prefetching model derived from the usage model reduces seeking delay by prefetching one or more expected next segments identified from the usage model that will result in minimal seeking distance. Correspondingly, a method of prefetching segments also facilitates access to the media file. A quantity of segments of a media file to be prefetched and a current region of a media file being access are identified. At least one next segment identified by the prefetching model as an expected next seeking destination from the current region is identified, and the next segment is prefetched.
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Citations
15 Claims
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1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:
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identifying a quantity of segments of a media file to be prefetched; generating a usage model reflecting expected next segments a user will seek when accessing a media file, the usage model including one of; an empirical usage model statistically summarizing usage data representing a manner in which prior users have accessed segments of a media file, an initial usage model representing a predicted manner in which users are expected to access segments of the media file, and the initial usage model augmented by the usage data representing the manner in which users have accessed segments of the media file; and identifying a prefetching model from the usage model to reduce a seeking delay in accessing one or more next segments by prefetching one or more expected next segments identified from the usage model, wherein identifying the prefetching model includes; representing the usage model as a probability function of a user seeking a particular segment, wherein the probability function is a function including representations of; access occurrences for each segment, seeking occurrences for each segment, and both the access occurrences and the seeking occurrences for each segment, wherein the probability function p(x) includes;
p(x)=C×
Pp(X)×
Ps(x)where; x represents each of the segments of the media file, C represents a normalization factor, Pp(x) represents the access occurrences for each segment x, and Ps(x) represents the seeking occurrences for each segment x, and deriving the prefetching model from the usage model to minimize a seeking distance; and prefetching the segments in accordance with the prefetching model. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A computer-implemented method, comprising:
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dividing an audiovisual file into a plurality of segments; accessing a usage model including; an empirical usage model based on data representing a manner in which a plurality of users accessed an audiovisual file, wherein the empirical usage model represents at least one of; access occurrences representing a number of instances of each of the segments accessed by the users; seeking occurrences, representing a number of instances of each of the segments that was a seek destination for the users;
orboth, the access occurrences and the seeking occurrences; and an initial usage model representing a predicted manner in which users are expected to access segments of the audiovisual file, the initial usage model augmented by the data representing the manner in which the plurality of users accessed the audiovisual file; determining from the usage model a probability of a user seeking one or more segments while accessing the audiovisual file; applying scalar quantization to derive a prefetching model from the probability to minimize a seeking distance to an anticipated next desired segment, wherein deriving the prefetching model includes representing the usage model as a probability function of a user seeking a particular segment, wherein the probability function p(x) includes;
p(x)=C×
Pp(x)×
Ps(x)where; x represents each of the segments of the audiovisual file, C represents a normalization factor. Pp(x) represents the access occurrences for each segment x, and Ps(x) represents the seeking occurrences for each segment x; and prefetching the segments in accordance with the prefetching model. - View Dependent Claims (9)
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10. A computer-implemented method, comprising:
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identifying a quantity of segments of a media file to be prefetched; identifying a current region of a media file being accessed; using a prefetching model, determining at least one next segment identified by a scheduling model as an expected next seeking destination from the current region, wherein using the prefetching model includes representing the usage model as a probability function of a user seeking a particular segment, wherein the probability function p(x) includes;
p(x)=C×
Pp(x)×
Ps(x)where; x represents each of the segments of the media file, C represents a normalization factor, Pp(x) represents the access occurrences for each segment x, and Ps(x) represents the seeking occurrences for each segment x; and prefetching the next segment in accordance with the prefetching model. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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Specification