Flash memory storage system

• US 7,640,390 B2
• Filed: 08/14/2006
• Issued: 12/29/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Kawamura, Shunji, Fujimoto, Kazuhisa, Iwamura, Takashige, Eguchi, Yoshiaki
• Primary Examiner(s): Peugh; Brian R
• Application Number:
  US11/503,217
• Publication Number:
  US 20070283079A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,233 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 711/103
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0246 in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 16/349 Arrangements for evaluating degradation, retention or wearout, e.g. by counting erase cycles

Abstract

A flash memory storage system has a plurality of flash memory devices comprising a plurality of flash memories, and a controller having an I/O processing control unit for accessing a flash memory device specified by a designated access destination in an I/O request received from an external device from among the plurality of flash memory devices. A parity group can be configured of flash memory devices having identical internal configuration.

Claims

1. A storage system for receiving and processing and I/O request from an external device, comprising:

a plurality of flash memory devices (FMDs) comprising a plurality of flash memories; and

a controller for accessing an FMD specified by a designated access destination in said received I/O request, from among said plurality of FMDs,

wherein two or more parity groups configured of two or more FMDs from among said plurality of FMDs,

wherein FMDs with different internal configurations are included in said plurality of FMDs,

wherein each parity group is configured of FMDs having an identical internal configuration.

2. The flash memory storage system according to claim 1,

wherein said internal configuration is at least one from among (1) through (3) below:

(1) the number of flash memories provided in the FMD;

(2) a block size employed by the FMD;

(3) the total storage capacity of a plurality of flash memories provided in the FMD.

3. The flash memory storage system according to claim 1,

wherein a plurality of FMD types including at least one FMD type from among a first type, a second type, and a third type are present as said internal configuration;

wherein a first FMD, which is an FMD of said first FMD type, comprises;

a plurality of flash memories; and

an internal controller having a first FMD control unit for controlling input and output to and from said plurality of flash memories,

wherein when said FMD is said first FMD, said first FMD control unit controls said input and output according to an access from said I/O processing control unit,

wherein a second FMD, which is an FMD of said second FMD type, comprises;

a plurality of said first FMDs; and

a second FMD control unit for controlling access to said plurality of first FMD according to an access from said I/O processing control unit,

wherein each of said plurality of first FMDs is recognized by said controller, and said first FMD control unit of each first FMD controls said input and output according to an access from said second FMD control unit, and

wherein a third FMD, which is an FMD of said third type, comprises;

a plurality of said first FMDs; and

a third FMD control unit for controlling access to said plurality of first FMDs according to an access from said I/O processing control unit, and

wherein said plurality of first FMDs is recognized as one device by said controller, said first FMD control unit of each first FMD controls said input and output according to an access from said third FMD cotrol unit.

4. The storage system according to claim 3, wherein said internal configuration further demonstrates at least one performance from among those of said internal controller, said second FMD control unit, and said third FMD control unit.

5. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of disk-type storage devices are present in addition to said plurality of FMDs, but none of said one or a plurality of disk-type storage devices is present in said parity group comprising said FMDs.

6. The storage system according to claim 1,

wherein at least one of said two or more parity groups is configured of two or more second FMDs,

wherein each of said second FMDs comprises:

a plurality of first FMDs; and

a second FMD control unit for controlling access to said plurality of first FMDs according to an access from said I/O processing control unit,

wherein each of said plurality of first FMDs is recognized by said controller,

wherein said each of said first FMDs comprises;

a plurality of flash memories; and

an internal controller having a first FMD control unit for controlling input to and output from said plurality of flash memories,

wherein said first FMD control unit of each first FMD controls said input and output according to the access from said second FMD control unit.

7. The storage system according to claim 6,

wherein said controller manages the presence and absence of a failure in the first FMD units with respect to a parity group configured of said two or more second FMDs.

8. The storage system according to claim 6,

wherein the parity group configured of said two or more second FMDs comprises a plurality of sub-parity groups,

wherein each sub-parity group is configured of two or more first FMDs in at least one of said two or more second FMDs,

wherein at least one logical storage unit is provided by said each sub-parity group, and

wherein even when data present in a sub-parity group from among said plurality of sub-parity groups cannot be restored, if another sub-parity group in which no failure has occurred is present from among said plurality of sub-parity groups, the I/O processing control unit performs input and output, without blocking a storage unit present on said other sub-parity group.

9. The storage system according to claim 6,

wherein the parity group configured of said two or more second FMDs comprises a plurality of sub-parity groups, and

wherein each sub-parity group is configured of first FMDs present in respectively different second FMDs from among said two or more second FMDs.

10. The storage system according to claim 6,

wherein a spare first FMD that does not belong to a parity group is provided in at least one second FMD,

wherein said controller comprises a configuration control unit, and

wherein when a need has arisen in a certain second FMD, said configuration control unit uses said spare first FMD present in said second FMD.

11. The storage system according to claim 10,

wherein when said spare first FMD is not present in said second FMD when a need has arisen, said configuration control unit uses said spare first FMD present in another second FMD.

12. The storage system according to claim 10,

wherein when said spare first FMD is not present in said second FMD when a need has arisen, said configuration control unit searches a separate second FMD compatible with a parity group to which said second FMD belongs, writes data present in said second FMD into said separate second FMD, and blocks said second FMD.

13. A storage system for receiving and processing an I/O request from an external device, comprising:

a plurality of flash memory devices (FMDs) comprising a plurality of flash memories; and

a controller for accessing an FMD specified by a designated access destination in said received I/O request, from among said plurality of FMDs,

wherein two or more parity groups are configured of two or more FMDs from among said plurality of FMDs,

wherein FMDs having different internal configurations are included in said plurality of FMDs,

wherein each parity group is configured of FMDs having an identical internal configuration, and

wherein when said configuration control unit detects that an FMD from among said plurality of FMDs has been blocked, the configuration control unit specifies a parity group to which said blocked FMD belongs, searches for an alternative FMD corresponding to said parity group, recovers data stored in said blocked FMD, and writes said recovered data into the alternative FMD.

14. The storage system according to claim 13,

wherein said controller registers the alternative FMD anew in said parity group and removes said blocked FMD.

15. The storage system according to claim 13,

wherein when said controller receives a write request to said blocked FMD from said external device during recovering data into said alternative FMD, the controller saves write data in the alternative FMD.

16. The storage system according to claim 13, further comprising two or more hard disk drives (HDDs),

wherein a first parity group is configured of FMDs, and

wherein a second parity group is configured of HDDs.

17. A storage system for receiving and processing an I/O request from an external device, comprising:

a plurality of flash memory devices (FMDs) comprising a plurality of flash memories; and

a controller for accessing an FMD specified by a designated access destination in said received I/O request from among said plurality of FMDs,

wherein said controller comprises a configuration control unit, and

wherein said configuration control unit checks whether or not the internal configurations of a plurality of FMDs designated from said external device as configuration elements of a parity group are identical and outputs an alarm to said external device when the internal configurations are not identical.

18. A storage system for receiving and processing an I/O request from an external device, comprising:

a plurality of flash memory devices (FMDs) comprising a plurality of flash memories;

a controller for accessing an FMD specified by a designated access destination in said received I/O request, from among said plurality of FMDs; and

a cache memory,

wherein when said I/O request is a read request, said I/O processing control unit reads data from said plurality of FMDs according to said read request, temporarily accumulates the data that have been read out in said cache memory, then sends the data accumulated in said cache memory to said external device, and checks the correctness of data that are accumulated in said cache memory when said data that have been read out are accumulated in said cache memory.

19. A storage system for receiving and processing an I/O request from an external device, comprising:

a plurality of flash memory devices (FMDs) comprising a plurality of flash memories; and

a controller for accessing an FMD specified by a designated access destination in said received I/O request, from among said plurality of FMDs,

wherein a plurality of address spaces are hierarchized, and block sizes in each layer are different, and

wherein a flash memory from among said plurality of flash memories, an FMD from among said plurality of FMDs, a parity group configured of two or more FMDs from among said plurality of FMDs, and a logical storage unit to be provided to said external device are present as a layer.