Method and apparatus for retirement income planning

• US 7,647,261 B2
• Filed: 09/14/2006
• Issued: 01/12/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/15/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Dimensional Fund Advisors LP (Dimensional Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Integrated Finance Limited
• Inventors: Merton, Robert, Bodie, Zvi, Mendoza, Roberto, Hancock, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Cheung; Mary
• Assistant Examiner(s): Holly; John H
• Application Number:
  US11/531,989
• Publication Number:
  US 20070061238A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,216 Days
• Field of Search: 705/1, 705/35, 705/37, 705/36, 705/4, 705/40, 705/38, 705/39, 706/45, 235/379, 235/330, 235/70, 707/6
• US Class Current: 705/35
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/00 Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/04 Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/06 Asset management; Financial planning or analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/08 Insurance

Abstract

Embodiments of the invention generally provide a method and apparatus for retirement income planning. One embodiment of a method for planning an income stream includes receiving personal data relating to an individual, where the personal data includes the value of the individual'"'"'s projected income and the value of the individual'"'"'s projected expenses. The difference between the projected expenses and the projected income is then calculated, and an annuity is purchased in substantially real time from among a plurality of annuities presented in an auction-style format, where the annuity provides a sum to offset the calculated difference.

Claims

1. A method for planning an income stream, the method comprising:

receiving personal data relating to an individual, the personal data including a value of a projected total future income of the individual and a value of projected total future expenses of the individual;

electronically calculating on a computer an estimated difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income on a year-by-year basis for a defined period of time, the estimated difference being calculated before the estimated difference actually occurs, wherein the calculating comprises;

identifying a first year, the first year being a year within the defined period of time within which a positive difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income is first expected to occur;

designating a period of time between the first year and a final year of the defined period of time as a shortfall period, the final year being estimated based on a life expectancy of the individual; and

determining a sum of money required to offset the difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income during the shortfall period;

outputting the sum of money to one or more annuity providers;

receiving a plurality of annuity quotes from at least one of the one or more annuity providers, the plurality of annuity quotes being presented in an auction-style format; and

purchasing an annuity from among the plurality of annuity quotes, the annuity providing a sum to offset the estimated difference.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the personal data further includes at least one of:

one or more assets currently possessed by the individual and a pre-retirement tax bracket currently applied to the individual.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the personal data is supplied by at least one of:

the individual or an employer of the individual.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the projected total future income and the projected total future expenses relate to a planned retirement period.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the defined period of time begins on the later of:

a current year and a projected retirement year of the individual, and the defined period of time ends on the later of;

an estimated year of death for the individual and an estimated year of death for a spouse of the individual.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises:

identifying a minimum positive difference expected to occur during the shortfall period;

identifying a year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur;

identifying a maximum positive difference expected to occur during the shortfall period;

identifying a year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur; and

determining whether the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur occurs after the year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

soliciting a nominal annuity payment approximately equal to the maximum positive difference, if the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur occurs before the year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur; and

soliciting an augmented annuity payment greater than the maximum positive difference, if the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur occurs after the year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein an amount of the augmented annuity payment is determined by:

identifying a maximum difference during a final four years of the shortfall period; and

calculating a compounded annual growth rate between the minimum positive difference and the maximum difference during the final four years of the shortfall period; and

calculating an amount of a cost of living adjustment to supplement the nominal annuity payment, in accordance with the compounded annual growth rate.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

calculating a period certain amount to be paid at least during one or more years occurring before the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur; and

recording the one or more years in which the period certain amount is to be paid.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein calculating the period certain amount comprises:

identifying all positive differences expected to occur in the years before the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur; and

computing an average of the identified positive differences.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the purchasing comprises:

delivering to one or more insurance carriers requirements for the annuity;

receiving in substantially real time from the insurance carriers one or more quotes, each of the one or more quotes comprising a cost of an annuity provided by an associated insurance carrier that fulfills the requirements; and

selecting the annuity from among the one or more quotes.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the selecting comprises:

selecting an annuity based on at least one of;

a cost of the annuity, a credit rating of the individual, an insurance carrier providing the annuity, a location of an insurance carrier providing the annuity or a size of an insurance carrier providing the annuity.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the selecting comprises:

receiving an instruction to purchase an annuity selected by the individual.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the auction-style format is conducted online.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of annuities is at least one of:

institutionally priced and inflation-indexed.

16. A computer readable medium containing an executable program for planning an income stream, where the program performs the steps of:

receiving personal data relating to an individual, the personal data including a value of a projected total future income of the individual and a value of projected total future expenses of the individual;

calculating an estimated difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income on a year-by-year basis for a defined period of time, the estimated difference being calculated before the estimated difference actually occurs, wherein the calculating comprises;

identifying a first year, the first year being a year within the defined period of time within which a positive difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income is first expected to occur;

designating a period of time between the first year and a final year of the defined period of time as a shortfall period, the final year being estimated based on a life expectancy of the individual; and

determining a sum of money required to offset the difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income during the shortfall period;

outputting the sum of money to one or more annuity providers;

receiving a plurality of annuity quotes from at least one of the one or more annuity providers, the plurality of annuity quotes being presented in an auction-style format; and

purchasing an annuity from among the plurality of annuity quotes, the annuity providing a sum to offset the estimated difference.

17. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the personal data further includes at least one of:

one or more assets currently possessed by the individual and a pre-retirement tax bracket currently applied to the individual.

18. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the personal data is supplied by at least one of:

the individual or an employer of the individual.

19. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the projected total future income and the projected total future expenses relate to a planned retirement period.

20. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the defined period of time begins on the later of:

a current year and a projected retirement year of the individual, and the defined period of time ends on the later of;

an estimated year of death for the individual and an estimated year of death for a spouse of the individual.

21. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the determining comprises:

identifying a minimum positive difference expected to occur during the shortfall period;

identifying a year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur;

identifying a maximum positive difference expected to occur during the shortfall period;

identifying a year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur; and

determining whether the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur occurs after the year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur.

22. The computer readable medium of claim 21, further comprising:

soliciting a nominal annuity payment approximately equal to the maximum positive difference, if the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur occurs before the year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur; and

soliciting an augmented annuity payment greater than the maximum positive difference, if the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur occurs after the year in which the maximum positive difference is expected to occur.

23. The computer readable medium of claim 22, wherein an amount of the augmented annuity payment is determined by:

identifying a maximum difference during a final four years of the shortfall period; and

calculating a compounded annual growth rate between the minimum positive difference and the maximum difference during the final four years of the shortfall period; and

calculating an amount of a cost of living adjustment to supplement the nominal annuity payment, in accordance with the compounded annual growth rate.

24. The computer readable medium of claim 22, further comprising:

calculating a period certain amount to be paid at least during one or more years occurring before the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur; and

recording the one or more years in which the period certain amount is to be paid.

25. The computer readable medium of claim 24, wherein calculating the period certain amount comprises:

identifying all positive differences expected to occur in years before the year in which the minimum positive difference is expected to occur; and

computing an average of the identified positive differences.

26. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the purchasing comprises:

delivering to one or more insurance carriers requirements for the annuity;

receiving in substantially real time from the insurance carriers one or more quotes, each of the one or more quotes comprising a cost of an annuity provided by an associated insurance carrier that fulfills the requirements; and

selecting the annuity from among the one or more quotes.

27. The computer readable medium of claim 26, wherein the selecting comprises:

selecting an annuity based on at least one of;

a cost of the annuity, a credit rating of the individual, an insurance carrier providing the annuity, a location of an insurance carrier providing the annuity or a size of an insurance carrier providing the annuity.

28. The computer readable medium of claim 26, wherein the selecting comprises:

receiving an instruction to purchase an annuity selected by the individual.

29. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the auction-style format is conducted online.

30. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein each of the plurality of annuities is at least one of:

institutionally priced and inflation-indexed.

31. A system for planning an income stream, the system comprising:

means for receiving personal data relating to an individual, the personal data including a value of a projected total future income of the individual and a value of projected total future expenses of the individual;

means for calculating an estimated difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income on a year-by-year basis for a defined period of time, the estimated difference being calculated before the estimated difference actually occurs, wherein the calculating comprises;

means for identifying a first year, the first year being a year within the defined period of time within which a positive difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income is first expected to occur;

means for designating a period of time between the first year and a final year of the defined period of time as a shortfall period, the final year being estimated based on a life expectancy of the individual; and

means for determining a sum of money required to offset the difference between the projected total future expenses and the projected total future income during the shortfall period;

means for outputting the sum of money to one or more annuity providers;

means for receiving a plurality of annuity quotes from at least one of the one or more annuity providers, the plurality of annuity quotes being presented in an auction-style format; and

means for purchasing an annuity from among the plurality of annuity quotes, the annuity providing a sum to offset the estimated difference.