Systems and methods for providing delayed signals

• US 7,649,492 B2
• Filed: 05/25/2007
• Issued: 01/19/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NIITEK, Inc.
• Original Assignee: NIITEK, Inc.
• Inventors: Cummings, William, Wilens, David, Hibbard, Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza; Thomas H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bythrow; Peter M
• Application Number:
  US11/754,127
• Publication Number:
  US 20080290923A1
• Time in Patent Office: 970 Days
• Field of Search: 342/22, 342/165, 342/174, 342/175, 307/407, 307/409, 327/261, 327/262, 327/263, 327/269, 327/270, 327/271, 327/276, 713/400, 713/401, 702/85, 702/89, 702/79
• US Class Current: 342/174
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2005/00097 Avoiding variations of delay using feedback, e.g. controlled by a PLL
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/011 Modifications of generator to compensate for variations in physical values, e.g. voltage, temperature to maintain energy constant H03K3/015
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/14 by the use of delay lines H03K5/133 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/0818 the controlled phase shifter comprising coarse and fine delay or phase-shifting means

Abstract

A variable delay apparatus comprises a calibrating unit receiving a signal from a variable delay unit and from a plurality of fixed delay sources, the calibrating unit comparing the signal from the variable delay unit with a plurality of signals from the fixed delay sources to control operation of the variable delay unit over a delay range independently of environmentally-induced drift.

Claims

1. A variable delay apparatus comprising:

a calibrating unit receiving a signal from a variable delay unit and from at least one fixed delay source, said at least one fixed delay source being configured to fall within a delay range for calibration purposes, said calibrating unit comparing said signal from said variable delay unit with at least one signal from said at least one fixed delay source to control operation of said variable delay unit over said delay range independently of environmentally-induced drift.

2. The variable delay apparatus of claim 1 wherein said operation is within a temperature range causing temperature-dependent drift in said variable delay unit.

3. The variable delay apparatus of claim 1 wherein said delay range is substantially linear over time.

4. The variable delay apparatus of claim 1 wherein said calibrating unit calibrates said variable delay unit at a beginning and an end of said delay range.

5. The variable delay apparatus of claim 1 wherein said plurality of fixed delay sources comprise coaxial cables, each of a length to produce a respective, known delay.

6. The variable delay apparatus of claim 1 wherein said calibrating unit is in communication with a trigger output that outputs a first trigger signal with a variable delay over said delay range and a second trigger signal with a different delay characteristic.

7. The variable delay apparatus of claim 6 further comprising:

a radar system in communication with said trigger output using said first and second trigger signals to perform equivalent time sampling on received radar information.

30. The variable delay apparatus of claim 3, wherein said linearity in said delay range is provided to compensate for non-linearity within said variable delay unit.

8. A system comprising:

a programmable variable delay line providing a variable delay to a first trigger signal;

a coarse delay unit in communication with said variably delayed trigger signal, said coarse delay unit providing a second delay to said variably delayed trigger signal;

a calibration delay unit providing at least one known, fixed delay; and

calibration logic comparing the delay from said calibration delay unit with said variably delayed trigger signal and with a signal from said coarse delay unit and providing input to control said programmable variable delay line in response to said comparing.

9. The system of claim 8 wherein said calibration logic controls said programmable variable delay line to delay said first trigger signal equal to said known, fixed delay.

10. The system of claim 8 further comprising:

a switching component selectively outputting a signal selected from the list consisting of;

said variably delayed trigger signal; and

a signal from said coarse delay unit.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein said calibration delay unit includes a plurality of fixed delays and wherein said calibration logic compares the output of said switching component to said plurality of fixed delays, each at a different point in a delay range of said delayed trigger signal.

12. The system of claim 8 further comprising a switching unit selectively providing an output trigger signal to a radar unit, said signal selected from the list consisting of:

said variably delayed trigger signal; and

a signal from said coarse delay unit.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein said switching unit provides said output trigger signal as a linearly increasingly delayed signal over a delay range, said increasing delay provided at least in part by said programmable variable delay line.

14. The system of claim 13 said radar unit receiving said output trigger signal and said first trigger signal and employing said output trigger signal and said first trigger signal to perform equivalent time sampling of received radio frequency information.

15. A system comprising:

a programmable variable delay unit adding a first delay to a trigger signal, said first delay variable over a delay range; and

a calibration unit including a first known, fixed delay corresponding to a first point in said delay range and a second known, fixed delay corresponding to a second point in said delay range, said calibration unit comparing said first delay with said first and second known, fixed delays, said calibration unit further providing control input to control said programmable variable delay unit to maintain said delay range constant over an operating temperature range causing drift in said programmable variable delay unit.

16. The system of claim 15 further comprising:

a second delay unit adding a second delay to said variably delayed trigger signal; and

a switching unit selectively outputting an output trigger selected from the list consisting of;

said variably delayed signal; and

said signal from said second delay unit.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein said second delay unit is a fixed delay unit.

18. The system of claim 16 further comprising:

a radar component using said output trigger to perform equivalent time sampling on received radar information.

19. A method comprising:

receiving a first signal, said first signal including a first delay from a variable delay unit;

receiving a second signal, said second signal including a second delay from a known and fixed delay source, the second delay representing a point in a delay range of the variable delay unit for calibration purposes;

comparing said first and second signals; and

controlling said variable delay unit to output said first delay substantially the same as said second delay in response to said comparing.

20. The method of claim 19 further comprising:

receiving a third signal, said third signal including a delay from another known and fixed delay source;

comparing said first and third signals; and

controlling said variable delay unit to output said first delay substantially the same as said third delay in response to said comparing, said second and third delays representing points in a delay range of said variable delay unit.

21. The method of claim 19 further comprising:

receiving a third signal, said third signal including a delay from another known and fixed delay source;

comparing said first and third signals; and

controlling said variable delay unit to output said first delay substantially the same as said third delay in response to said comparing, said second delay representing a point in a delay range of said variable delay unit, and said third delay representing the same point in said delay range of said variable delay unit wherein said a coarse delay source adds another delay to said first signal.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein said second and third delays are provided by respective wire delay components.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein operation of said variable delay unit drifts with temperature, and wherein said controlling maintains a delay of said first signal within a defined delay range over a temperature range causing drift in said variable delay unit.

24. A system comprising:

a digitally variable delay unit receiving a trigger signal and providing a first delay thereto to produce a first output signal;

a coarse delay unit receiving said first output signal and providing a coarse delay thereto to produce a second output signal;

a switching unit receiving said first and second output signals and outputting a selected one of said first and second output signals;

a calibration unit comparing at least one of said first and second output signals against at least one known fixed delay signal and maintaining delays of said first and second output signals within a defined range; and

a radar system using said first and second output signals and said trigger signal to perform equivalent time sampling on received data.

25. The system of claim 24 wherein said first delay is variable over a plurality of discrete delay steps, and the output of said switching unit has a substantially linearly increasing delay with each cycle of said trigger signal.

26. A method comprising:

receiving a trigger signal in a variable delay unit and applying a variable delay thereto to produce a first output signal;

receiving the output of said variable delay unit by a coarse delay unit and adding a second delay thereto to produce a second output signal;

calibrating the variable delay unit based on a comparison between at least one of said first and second output signals and at least one known fixed delayed signal;

selectively outputting one of said first and second output signals to produce a third output, said third output having a delay range from a reference zero to a delay equal to a defined maximum variable delay plus said second delay; and

applying said third signal and said trigger signal in a radar system to perform equivalent time sampling on a received waveform.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein said variable delay unit is a digital programmable delay unit operable to apply discrete delays between said defined zero and said defined maximum, said applying a variable delay comprises:

applying increasing discrete delay steps to said trigger signal during successive periods.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein said discrete delay steps are increased linearly.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein said selectively outputting comprises:

in one period, selectively outputting said first output signal with a delay equal to said defined maximum; and

in a next period, selectively outputting said second output signal with said variable delay less than said defined maximum.