System and method for controlling a state of charge of an energy storage system

• US 7,659,698 B2
• Filed: 10/02/2006
• Issued: 02/09/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/02/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Schondorf, Steven, Elder, Ronald
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso; Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): RAMADAN, RAMY O
• Application Number:
  US11/537,817
• Publication Number:
  US 20080084186A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,226 Days
• Field of Search: 320/132, 701/22, 701/36
• US Class Current: 320/132
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/662 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/14 Preventing excessive discharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/248 Age of storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/30 Driving style
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2555/20 Ambient conditions, e.g. wind or rain
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/50 of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1446 in response to parameters of a vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A system and method for controlling the state of charge of an energy storage system examines a number of parameters to determine if a target state of charge should be adjusted. Parameters related to one or more of: a target life span of the energy storage system, driving habits of a vehicle operator, or environmental conditions are examined. The target state of charge is changed from a predetermined baseline target state of charge when the parameter values meet predetermined conditions.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a state of charge of an energy storage system in a vehicle having an engine and a vehicle control system, the energy storage system having a target state of charge that is adjustable from a baseline target state of charge, the method comprising:

inputting to the vehicle control system information related to environmental conditions, including information related to a setting of a vehicle environmental control system;

inputting to the vehicle control system information related to current traveling conditions for the vehicle; and

adjusting the target state of charge from the baseline target state of charge based on at least one of the inputs to the vehicle control system, including reducing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the vehicle environmental control system performs a function that forces the engine to operate.

2. The method of claim 1, the target state of charge of the energy storage system residing in a predetermined range of states of charge, the method further comprising:

inputting to the vehicle control system information related to a target life span of the energy storage system;

increasing the range in which the target state of charge resides when the target life span of the energy storage system is below a predetermined life span; and

decreasing the range in which the target state of charge resides when the target life span of the energy storage system is above the predetermined life span.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising inputting information to the vehicle control system related to the driving habits of a vehicle operator, the target state of charge being increased from the baseline state of charge when the driving habits of the vehicle operator indicate a pattern of fast accelerations and the vehicle environmental control system does not perform a function that forces the engine to operate.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising inputting information to the vehicle control system related to the driving habits of a vehicle operator, the target state of charge being increased from the baseline state of charge when the driving habits of the vehicle operator indicate a pattern of fast braking operations and the vehicle environmental control system does not perform a function that forces the engine to operate.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein inputting information to the vehicle control system includes inputting information related to a temperature of an ambient environment outside the vehicle, the target state of charge being reduced from the baseline state of charge when the temperature of the ambient environment is above a first predetermined temperature or below a second predetermined temperature lower than the first predetermined temperature.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein inputting information to the vehicle control system includes inputting information related to an ambient light level outside the vehicle, the target state of charge being reduced from the baseline state of charge when the ambient light level is below a predetermined level.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein inputting information to the vehicle control system related to current traveling conditions includes inputting information related to a state of a driving cycle, the state of charge being increased from the baseline state of charge when a remaining time of the driving cycle is below a predetermined value and the vehicle environmental control system does not perform a function that forces the engine to operate.

8. A method for controlling a state of charge of an energy storage system in a vehicle having an engine, the energy storage system having a target state of charge that is adjustable from a baseline target state of charge, the method comprising:

determining a value of at least one parameter for adjusting the target state of charge of the energy storage system, one parameter of the at least one parameter being related to the driving habits of a vehicle operator;

determining whether a change in the target state of charge from the baseline target state of charge is desired based on the at least one determined parameter value; and

adjusting the target state of charge from the baseline target state of charge when it is determined that a change in the target state of charge is desired, including increasing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the driving habits of the vehicle operator indicate a pattern of fast braking operations.

9. The method of claim 8, the target state of charge of the energy storage system residing in a predetermined range of states of charge, the method further comprising:

determining a value of a parameter related to a target life span of the energy storage system;

determining whether a change in the range is desired based on the parameter related to the target life span of the energy storage system;

increasing the range when the parameter related to the target life span of the energy storage system indicates a target life span of the energy storage system that is below a predetermined life span; and

decreasing the range when the parameter related to the target life span of the energy storage system indicates a target life span of the energy storage system that is above the predetermined life span.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the target state of charge is increased from the baseline state of charge when the driving habits of the vehicle operator indicate a pattern of fast accelerations.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein another parameter of the at least one parameter is related to environmental conditions and includes a setting of a vehicle environmental control system, the target state of charge being reduced from the baseline state of charge when the vehicle environmental control system performs a function that forces the engine to operate and the driving habits of the vehicle operator do not indicate a pattern of fast braking operations.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein one other parameter of the at least one parameter is related to environmental conditions, and the value of the one other parameter includes a temperature of an ambient environment outside the vehicle, the target state of charge being reduced from the baseline state of charge when the temperature of the ambient environment is above a first predetermined temperature or below a second predetermined temperature lower than the first predetermined temperature and the driving habits of the vehicle operator do not indicate a pattern of fast braking operations.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein another parameter of the at least one parameter is related to environmental conditions and includes an ambient light level outside the vehicle, the target state of charge being reduced from the baseline state of charge when the ambient light level is below a predetermined level and the driving habits of the vehicle operator do not indicate a pattern of fast braking operations.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein another parameter of the at least one parameter is related to a state of a driving cycle, such that if a remaining time of the driving cycle is below a predetermined value, the state of charge is increased from the baseline state of charge.

15. A control system for controlling the state of charge of an energy storage system in a vehicle having an engine, the energy storage system having a target state of charge that is adjustable from a baseline target state of charge, the system comprising:

a controller operatively connected to the energy storage system and configured to receive inputs related to environmental conditions, including information related to a setting of a vehicle environmental control system, the controller being further configured to receive inputs related to current traveling conditions for the vehicle, and to adjust the target state of charge from the baseline target state of charge based on at least one of the inputs received, including reducing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the vehicle environmental control system performs a function that forces the engine to operate.

16. The control system of claim 15, the target state of charge of the energy storage system residing in a predetermined range of states of charge, the controller being further configured to:

receive inputs related to a target life span of the energy storage system,

increase the range in which the target state of charge resides when the target life span of the energy storage system is below a predetermined life span, and

decrease the range in which the target state of charge resides when the target life span of the energy storage system is above the predetermined life span.

17. The control system of claim 15, wherein the controller is further configured to receive inputs related to the driving habits of a vehicle operator, the controller increasing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the driving habits of the vehicle operator indicate a pattern of fast accelerations and the vehicle environmental control system does not perform a function that forces the engine to operate.

18. The control system of claim 15, wherein the controller is further configured to receive inputs related to the driving habits of a vehicle operator, the controller increasing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the driving habits of the vehicle operator indicate a pattern of fast braking operations and the vehicle environmental control system does not perform a function that forces the engine to operate.

19. The control system of claim 15, wherein the inputs include information related to a temperature of an ambient environment outside the vehicle, the controller reducing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the temperature of the ambient environment is above a first predetermined temperature or below a second predetermined temperature lower than the first predetermined temperature.

20. The control system of claim 15, wherein the inputs include information related to an ambient light level outside the vehicle, the controller reducing the target state of charge from the baseline state of charge when the ambient light level is below a predetermined level.

21. The control system of claim 15, wherein the inputs include information related to a state of a driving cycle, the controller increasing the state of charge from the baseline state of charge when a remaining time of the driving cycle is below a predetermined value and the vehicle environmental control system does not perform a function that forces the engine to operate.