Method of purging air from a medical fluid machine

• US 7,662,286 B2
• Filed: 02/12/2009
• Issued: 02/16/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/24/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Childers, Robert W., Hopping, Peter A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Menon; Krishnan S
• Application Number:
  US12/370,069
• Publication Number:
  US 20090177149A1
• Time in Patent Office: 369 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 210/321.71
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/153 the cassette being adapted for heating or cooling the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate or the treating gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/155 with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1561 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1565 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/159 specially adapted for peritoneal dialysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/166 Heating for sterilisation A61M1/1686
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/288 Priming priming in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3643
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/12 with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/122 using evacuated interfaces to enhance contact
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/127 with provisions for heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/33 Controlling, regulating or measuring
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3337 Controlling, regulating pressure or flow by means of a valve by-passing a pump
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3344 Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/35 Communication
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3653 by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/502 User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/581 by audible feedback
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/583 by visual feedback
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/445 the media being heated in the reservoir, e.g. warming bloodbags
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/02 : having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms F04B43/14 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 45/04 : having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms F04B45/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 1/025 : For medical applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 706/90 : Fuzzy logic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/87161 : With common valve operator

Abstract

A medical fluid machine includes a housing providing a first wall and a second wall, the first and second walls at least partially defining a pump chamber. A fluid receptacle is located within the pump chamber, the fluid receptacle including first and second flexible membranes configured to be moved apart to accept a medical fluid and moved together to dispel the fluid. A medical fluid outlet is in communication with the fluid receptacle. A first valve arrangement is configured to enable medical fluid in a sufficiently air-free condition to be delivered from the receptacle through the medical fluid outlet to a patient. A second valve arrangement is configured to enable medical fluid with entrained air to be delivered instead from the receptacle through the medical fluid outlet to an entrained air destination.

Claims

1. A method of purging air from a medical fluid machine,

comprising:

furnishing a medical fluid pump in a medical fluid machine for pumping a medical fluid, the pump having a single inlet/outlet port connected to a valve manifold;

connecting a source of medical fluid to the valve manifold;

drawing the medical fluid into a chamber of the medical fluid pump by retracting a piston in communication with a membrane of the medical fluid pump;

sensing for air in the medical fluid as the medical fluid is drawn into the chamber;

pumping the medical fluid through the valve manifold to a patient, if no air is detected, by extending the piston in communication with the membrane; and

purging the medical fluid through the valve manifold to an entrained air destination, if air is detected, by extending the piston in communication with the membrane, wherein the entrained air destination is a destination different from the patient.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising opening a first valve to allow the medical fluid to reach the patient if no air is detected.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising opening a second valve to allow the medical fluid to reach the entrained air destination if air is detected.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising removing air from the chamber by venting the chamber and extending the piston.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting air in the fluid with an air sensor.

6. The method of claim 1, which includes configuring the membrane as part of a cassette that is loaded into the medical fluid machine for operation.

7. The method of claim 1, which includes applying a negative pressure to the membrane for communicating the membrane with the piston.

8. A method of purging air from a medical fluid, comprising:

furnishing a medical fluid pump with a membrane;

connecting a source of the medical fluid through tubing to a valve manifold;

connecting an outlet of the medical fluid pump through the valve manifold to a patient and to an entrained air drain;

admitting the medical fluid to a chamber of the medical fluid pump by retracting a piston in communication with the membrane from a wall of the pump to form a fluid-receiving chamber;

monitoring for a presence of air in the medical fluid as the medical fluid is admitted into the chamber;

pumping the medical fluid through the valve manifold to a patient if no air is detected in the fluid by extending the piston to urge the membrane towards the wall; and

purging the medical fluid through the valve manifold to the entrained air drain if air is detected in the fluid, wherein the entrained air drain is a destination different from the patient, by extending the piston to urge the membrane towards the wall.

9. The method of claim 8, which includes connecting the valve manifold of the medical fluid pump to the patient with a first valve and to the entrained air drain with a second valve.

10. The method of claim 8, which includes using a linear actuator or linear motor to retract or extend the piston.

11. The method of claim 8, which includes using a stepper motor to retract or extend the piston.

12. The method of claim 8, further comprising applying a negative pressure to the membrane for communicating the membrane with the piston.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising extending the piston for communicating the membrane with the piston.

14. The method of claim 8, further comprising configuring the membrane to be part of a disposable cassette.

15. A method of purging air from a medical fluid machine, comprising:

furnishing a cassette with a membrane of at least one medical fluid pump for pumping a medical fluid, wherein the at least one medical fluid pump comprises a wall and the membrane, which form a fluid-receiving chamber, the chamber having a single inlet/outlet port connected to a valve manifold;

connecting a source of medical fluid to the valve manifold of the medical fluid pump;

drawing the medical fluid into the medical fluid pump by retracting the membrane from the wall using a piston in communication with the membrane;

checking for air in the medical fluid as the medical fluid is drawn into the medical fluid pump;

if no air is detected, pumping the medical fluid through the valve manifold to a patient by urging the membrane towards the wall of the pump using the piston; and

if air is detected, purging the medical fluid through the valve manifold to an entrained air destination, wherein the entrained air destination is a destination different from the patient, by urging the membrane towards the wall of the medical fluid pump using the piston.

16. The method of claim 15, which includes checking for air using an air sensor at the single inlet/outlet port.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising applying a vacuum to the membrane for placing the piston in communication with the membrane.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the medical fluid machine includes two of the medical fluid pumps.

19. The method of claim 15, which includes communicating one side of the membrane to atmosphere and communicating an opposite side of the membrane to a source of vacuum to purge the chamber.

20. The method of claim 15, further comprising purging air from the chamber by venting the chamber.