Low current direct conversion transmitter architecture

• US 7,664,520 B2
• Filed: 06/24/2004
• Issued: 02/16/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/24/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Inventors: Gu, Qizheng
• Primary Examiner(s): Anderson; Matthew D
• Assistant Examiner(s): Safaipour; Bobbak
• Application Number:
  US10/876,194
• Publication Number:
  US 20050287965A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,063 Days
• Field of Search: 455/522, 370/318
• US Class Current: 455/522
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/52 using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers

Abstract

Disclosed is a method to operate a RF transmitter, and an RF transmitter constructed to operate in accordance with the method. The method includes determining a transmitter output power and varying a level of a signal at a transmitter phase modulator according to the transmitter output power so as to increase the level of the signal as the transmitter output power increases and to decrease the level of the signal as the transmitter output power decreases. In the preferred embodiment the method further includes adjusting the current consumption of a plurality of components of an RF transmitter chain in accordance with at least one of the level of the signal and the gain of the stage.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

determining a change in a radio frequency transmitter output power;

varying, with a digital variable gain amplifier, a level of an input base band signal at an input of a digital to analog converter that outputs a signal to a radio frequency transmitter chain that comprises a phase modulator of the radio frequency transmitter, where the varying is according to the determined change in the radio frequency transmitter output power, comprising increasing the level of the signal as the radio frequency transmitter output power increases and decreasing the level of the signal as the radio frequency transmitter output power decreases; and

adjusting a bias current of at least the phase modulator according to the varied level of the signal, comprising decreasing the bias current as the level of the signal is decreased and increasing the bias current as the level of the signal is increased.

2. The method as in claim 1, further comprising adjusting the bias current of a plurality of active stages in the radio frequency transmitter chain of the radio frequency transmitter in accordance with the varied level of the signal.

3. The method as in claim 1, performed in a code division, multiple access mobile station.

4. The method as in claim 1, where the radio frequency transmitter chain comprises devices that buffer and filter the signal to the phase modulator.

5. The method as in claim 1, where varying the level of the signal comprises variably attenuating, with a variable attenuator, a signal from the digital to analog converter that outputs a signal to the radio frequency transmitter chain.

6. The method as in claim 1, where the phase modulator comprises a quadrature modulator that upconverts the signal to a transmission frequency.

25. The method of claim 1, where the bias current of at least the radio frequency transmitter phase modulator is adjusted step-wise according to the varied level of the signal.

7. A radio frequency transmitter, comprising:

circuitry configured to determine a change in the radio frequency transmitter output power;

the circuitry configured to vary, with a digital variable gain amplifier, a level of an input baseband signal at an input of a digital to analog converter that outputs a signal to a radio frequency transmitter chain that comprises a quadrature modulator of the radio frequency transmitter, where the varying is according to the determined change in the radio frequency transmitter output power, comprising the circuitry is configured to increase the level of the signal as the transmitter output power increases and to decrease the level of the signal as the transmitter output power decreases; and

the circuitry further configured to adjust a bias current of at least the quadrature modulator according to the varied level of the signal, comprising the circuitry is configured to decrease the bias current as the level of the signal is decreased and increase the bias current as the level of the signal is increased.

8. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, further comprising circuitry to adjust the bias current of a plurality of active stages in the radio frequency transmitter chain of the radio frequency transmitter in accordance with the varied level of the signal.

9. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, further comprising circuitry configured to adjust the bias current of each active stage in the radio frequency transmitter chain in accordance with at least one of the level of the signal and a gain of the stage.

10. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, where the circuitry that digitally varies the level of the signal comprises circuitry to adjust a gain of a digital variable gain amplifier for the input base band signal in accordance with a the varied level of the signal.

11. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, where the the radio frequency transmitter chain comprises devices that buffer and filter the signal to the quadrature modulator.

12. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, where the circuitry configured to vary the level of the signal further comprises a variable attenuator connected to a signal output from the digital to analog converter, where the variably attenuated signal is output to the radio frequency transmitter chain.

13. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, where the quadrature modulator is configured to upconvert the signal to a transmission frequency.

14. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, where the quadrature modulator is configured to input signals from inphase and quadrature transmitter channels.

15. The radio frequency transmitter as in claim 7, where the quadrature modulator is configured to input signals from inphase and quadrature transmitter channels of a code division multiple access mobile station.

26. The radio frequency transmitter of claim 7, where the bias current of at least the transmitter quadrature modulator is adjusted step-wise according to the varied level of the signal.

16. A mobile station comprising:

a transmitter;

circuitry configured to determine a change in the transmitter output power;

circuitry configured to vary, with a digital variable gain amplifier, a level of an input baseband signal at an input of a digital to analog converter that outputs a signal to a radio frequency transmitter chain that comprises a quadrature modulator of the transmitter, where the level of the signal is varied according to the determined change in the transmitter output power, comprising the circuitry is configured to increase the level of the signal as the transmitter output power increases and to decrease the level of the signal as the transmitter output power decreases; and

circuitry configured to adjust a bias current of at least the quadrature modulator according to the varied level of the signal, comprising the circuitry is configured to decrease the bias current as the level of the signal is decreased and increase the bias current as the level of the signal is increased.

17. The mobile station as in claim 16, where the circuitry that varies the level of the signal comprises circuitry to adjust a gain of variable gain amplifiers of the transmitter in accordance with the determined transmitter output power.

18. The mobile station as in claim 16, where the radio frequency transmitter chain comprises devices that buffer and filter the signal to the quadrature modulator.

19. The mobile station as in claim 16, where the circuitry configured to vary the level of the signal further comprises I channel and Q channel variable attenuators connected to I channel and Q channel signals output from I channel and Q channel digital to analog converters, where the variable attenuators output a variably attenuated signal to the radio frequency transmitter chain.

27. The mobile station of claim 16, where the circuitry is further configured to step-wise adjust the bias current of at least the transmitter phase modulator according to the varied level of the signal.

20. An apparatus, comprising:

a transmitter;

a circuit configured to determine a change in the transmitter output power;

the circuit configured to vary, with a digital variable gain amplifier, a level of an input base band signal at an input of a digital to analog converter that outputs a signal to a radio frequency transmitter chain that comprises a quadrature modulator of the transmitter, where the varying is according to the determined change in the transmitter output power, comprising the circuit is configured to increase the level of the signal as the transmitter output power increases and to decrease the level of the signal as the transmitter output power decreases; and

the circuit further configured to adjust a bias current of at least the quadrature modulator according to the varied level of the signal, comprising the circuit is configured to decrease the bias current as the level of the signal is decreased and increase the bias current as the level of the signal is increased.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, said transmitter further configurable to adjust the bias current of at least one active stage in the radio frequency transmitter chain in accordance with at least one of the level of the signal and a gain of a stage.

22. The apparatus of claim 20, where the radio frequency transmitter chain comprises devices that buffer and filter the signal to the quadrature modulator.

23. The apparatus of claim 20, where varying the level of the signal further comprises variably attenuating a signal from the digital to analog converter, where the variably attenuated signal is output to the radio frequency transmitter chain.

24. The apparatus of claim 20, embodied in at least one integrated circuit.

28. The apparatus of claim 20, where the circuit is further configured to step-wise adjust the bias current of the transmitter phase modulator according to the varied level of the signal.