Method and apparatus for in-situ characterization of energy storage and energy conversion devices
First Claim
1. An apparatus for characterizing an energy-output device, comprising:
- a random noise generator configured for generating a random noise signal;
a current generator configured for generating a random noise stimulus that is correlated to the random noise signal and configured for operable coupling to an energy-output device terminal;
a current measurement device operably coupled to the random noise stimulus and configured for measuring the random noise stimulus to determine a measured noise stimulus;
a bias reducer operably coupled an average voltage signal and configured for operable coupling to the energy-output device terminal, the bias reducer configured for generating a bias-reduced response by substantially removing the average voltage signal offset from a voltage of the energy-output device terminal; and
an analyzer operably coupled to the measured noise stimulus and the bias-reduced response, the analyzer configured for correlating the measured noise stimulus and the bias-reduced response to determine an impedance of the energy-output device.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for determining an impedance of an energy-output device using a random noise stimulus applied to the energy-output device. A random noise signal is generated and converted to a random noise stimulus as a current source correlated to the random noise signal. A bias-reduced response of the energy-output device to the random noise stimulus is generated by comparing a voltage at the energy-output device terminal to an average voltage signal. The random noise stimulus and bias-reduced response may be periodically sampled to generate a time-varying current stimulus and a time-varying voltage response, which may be correlated to generate an autocorrelated stimulus, an autocorrelated response, and a cross-correlated response. Finally, the autocorrelated stimulus, the autocorrelated response, and the cross-correlated response may be combined to determine at least one of impedance amplitude, impedance phase, and complex impedance.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. An apparatus for characterizing an energy-output device, comprising:
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a random noise generator configured for generating a random noise signal; a current generator configured for generating a random noise stimulus that is correlated to the random noise signal and configured for operable coupling to an energy-output device terminal; a current measurement device operably coupled to the random noise stimulus and configured for measuring the random noise stimulus to determine a measured noise stimulus; a bias reducer operably coupled an average voltage signal and configured for operable coupling to the energy-output device terminal, the bias reducer configured for generating a bias-reduced response by substantially removing the average voltage signal offset from a voltage of the energy-output device terminal; and an analyzer operably coupled to the measured noise stimulus and the bias-reduced response, the analyzer configured for correlating the measured noise stimulus and the bias-reduced response to determine an impedance of the energy-output device. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of determining an impedance of an energy-output device, comprising:
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generating a random noise signal; generating a random noise stimulus as a current source correlated to the random noise signal; applying the random noise stimulus to an energy-output device terminal of the energy-output device; measuring the random noise stimulus as a measured noise stimulus; generating a bias-reduced response by comparing a voltage at the energy-output device terminal to an average voltage signal to substantially remove the average voltage signal offset from a voltage of the energy-output device terminal; and correlating the measured noise stimulus and the bias-reduced response to determine the impedance of the energy-output device. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A method of determining an impedance of an energy-output device using a random noise stimulus applied to the energy-output device, the method comprising:
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periodically sampling the random noise stimulus to generate a time-varying current stimulus; periodically sampling a voltage response of the energy-output device to the random noise stimulus to generate a time-varying voltage response; autocorrelating the time-varying current stimulus to generate an autocorrelated stimulus; autocorrelating the time-varying voltage response to generate an autocorrelated response; cross-correlating the time-varying current stimulus and the time-varying voltage response to generate a cross-correlated response; and combining the autocorrelated stimulus, the autocorrelated response, and the cross-correlated response to determine at least one of an impedance amplitude, an impedance phase, and a complex impedance. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification