System and method for communicating messages in a mesh network

• US 7,676,195 B2
• Filed: 09/10/2004
• Issued: 03/09/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nivis LLC
• Original Assignee: Nivis LLC
• Inventors: Ratiu, Ovidiu, Ticus, Ion, Chilom, Marius Ovidiu
• Primary Examiner(s): Appiah; Charles N
• Assistant Examiner(s): Contee; Joy K
• Application Number:
  US10/938,190
• Publication Number:
  US 20060056423A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,006 Days
• Field of Search: 370/254, 370/310, 340/573.1, 455/11.1, 455/12.1, 455/13.1
• US Class Current: 455/13.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/04 adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user

Abstract

A gateway node that communicates with a plurality of satellite nodes positioned on one or more logical layers is disclosed. Satellite nodes on the first logical layer operate as repeaters for nodes not on the first logical layer. The gateway node and each satellite node communicate outbound messages during a synchronized outbound communication time. Satellite nodes execute a receiving communication time that overlaps with a transmitting communication time for a satellite node on a logical layer that is one layer closer to the gateway node during the outbound communication time. The satellite nodes also communicate messages to the gateway node during a synchronized inbound communication time. Each satellite node executes a transmitting communication time that overlaps with a receiving communication time for a satellite node on a logical layer that is one layer closer to the gateway node during the inbound communication time so that messages are communicated to the gateway node.

Claims

1. A method for a gateway node to wirelessly communicate with a plurality of satellite nodes, each satellite node coupled to a sensor or an actuator and the gateway node coupled to a computer, comprising the steps of:

transmitting during a gateway node transmit communication time a communication from the gateway node to one or more satellite nodes on a first logical layer of satellite nodes that are within a broadcast range of the gateway node;

receiving the communication from the gateway node at a satellite node on the first logical layer of satellite nodes during a receive communication time that overlaps with at least a portion of the gateway node transmit communication time;

transmitting the communication from the satellite node on the first logical layer of satellite nodes to one or more additional satellite nodes outside of the broadcast range of the gateway node on a next sequential logical layer of satellite nodes;

receiving the communication at the satellite node on a next to last logical layer of satellite nodes during a receive communication time that overlaps with at least a portion of the transmit communication time for a satellite node on a logical layer that is one logical layer closer to the gateway node than the satellite node on the next to last logical layer;

transmitting the communication from the satellite node on the next to last logical layer of satellite nodes to one or more additional satellite nodes on a last sequential logical layer of satellite nodes during a transmit communication time for satellite nodes on the next to last logical layer; and

receiving the communication at the satellite node on the last logical layer of satellite nodes during a receive communication time that overlaps with at least a portion of the transmit communication time for satellite nodes on the last logical layer,

wherein the transmit communication time for a particular satellite node on a logical layer of satellite nodes follows a receive communication time for the particular satellite node such that the aggregate of the transmit and receive communication times forms a total communication time for the particular satellite node.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the particular satellite node has a duty cycle corresponding to the quotient of the total communication time over the sum of the total communication time and a sleep time for the particular satellite node.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the duty cycle of the particular satellite node may be decreased by decreasing the total communication time of the particular satellite node so as to extend a battery life of a particular satellite node.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the duty cycle of the particular satellite node may be decreased by increasing the sleep time of the particular satellite node so as to extend a battery life of a particular satellite node.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the particular satellite node receives a verification message as a response to transmissions during the transmit communication time for the particular satellite node indicating whether the transmission is or is not received by a particular recipient satellite node.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the particular satellite node transmits a verification message as a response to transmissions received during the receive communication time for the particular satellite node indicating whether the transmission is or is not received by a particular satellite node.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein a greater portion of the total communication time may be configured as receive communication time.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein a greater portion of the total communication time may be configured as transmit communication time.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the gateway node enters a sleep time after the gateway node transmit communication time that transpires for a period extending to a subsequent receive communication time that overlaps with a portion of the transmit communication time from the one or more satellite nodes on a first logical layer of satellite nodes for inbound communications.

10. A method for a plurality of satellite nodes coupled to a sensing device or an actuator and disparately located around a gateway node on one or more logical layers to wirelessly communicate inbound messages to the gateway node, comprising the steps of:

transmitting a communication at the satellite node on the most outer logical layer of satellite nodes during a transmit communication time to a satellite node on a next closer logical layer of satellite nodes, wherein a receive communication time of the satellite node overlaps with at least a portion of the transmit communication time for satellite node on the most outer logical layer;

transmitting the communication from the satellite node on the next closer logical layer of satellite nodes to a satellite node on a next inwardly sequential logical layer of satellite nodes during a transmit communication time for satellite nodes on the next closer logical layer, wherein the communication may be repeated by one or more satellite nodes to a satellite node on a first logical layer; and

transmitting the communication during a first logical layer satellite node transmit communication time from a satellite node on the first logical layer to the gateway node, wherein the gateway node receives the communication from the satellite node on the first logical layer during a receive communication time that overlaps with at least a portion of the transmit communication time for the satellite node on the first logical layer.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the transmit communication time for a particular satellite node on a logical layer of satellite node follows a receive communication time for the particular satellite node such that the aggregate of the transmit and receive communication times forms a total communication time for the particular satellite node.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the particular satellite node receives a verification message as a response to transmissions during the transmit communication time for the particular satellite node indicating whether the transmission is or is not received by a particular recipient satellite node.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the particular satellite node transmits a verification message as a response to transmissions received during the receive communication time for the particular satellite node indicating whether the transmission is or is not received by a particular satellite node.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein a greater portion of the total communication time may be configured as receive communication time.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein a greater portion of the total communication time may be configured as transmit communication time.

16. A system for a gateway node coupled to a computer to wirelessly communicate with a plurality of satellite nodes, each satellite node coupled to a sensing device or an actuator and positioned on one or more logical layers of satellite nodes such that satellite nodes not on the first logical layer utilize at least one satellite node on the first logical layer as a repeater in communicating with the gateway node, comprising:

logic configured in the gateway node and each satellite node to communicate outbound messages originating from the gateway node to other satellite nodes during an outbound communication time that is synchronized in the gateway node and each satellite node;

logic configured in each satellite node to execute a receiving communication time that overlaps with a transmitting communication time for a satellite node on a logical layer that is one layer closer to the gateway node during the outbound communication time so that messages are communicated to one or more satellite nodes on the last logical layer;

logic configured in each satellite node and the gateway node to communicate messages from the plurality of satellite nodes to the gateway node during an inbound communication time that is synchronized in the gateway node and each satellite node; and

logic configured in each satellite node to execute a transmitting communication time that overlaps with a receiving communication time for a satellite node on a logical layer that is one layer closer to the gateway node during the inbound communication time so that messages are communicated to the gateway node.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the outbound communication time ends and the inbound communication time begins when a satellite node on the last logical layer changes from receiving communication time to transmitting communication time.

18. The system of claim 16, further comprising:

logic in the gateway node and each satellite node to execute a sleep time commencing after the transmitting communication time for the gateway node or satellite node and ending at the receiving communication time for the gateway node or satellite node.

19. The system of claim 16, wherein the ratio of transmitting communication time to receiving communication time is configurable.