Link adaption for mobile ad hoc and mesh networks

• US 7,680,092 B2
• Filed: 02/19/2004
• Issued: 03/16/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 02/19/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Rockwell Collins, Inc. (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: Rockwell Collins, Inc. (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Inventors: Stevens, James A., Young, C. David, VanLaningham, Steven L., Barton, Jeffrey A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pathak; Sudhanshu C
• Application Number:
  US10/589,846
• Publication Number:
  US 20080095222A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,217 Days
• Field of Search: 370/342, 370/335, 370/328, 455/509, 342/457, 714/704
• US Class Current: 370/342
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/24 with feedback of measurements to the transmitter
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/26 using historical data, averaging values or statistics
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/309 Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/318 Received signal strength
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/336 Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/382 for resource allocation, admission control or handover
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/02 Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas RAKE receivers H04B1/7115
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0829 Packet loss
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0847 Transmission error
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0852 Delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/03 by updating link state protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/123 Evaluation of link metrics techniques for monitoring network metrics H04L43/08
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/12 based on transmission quality or channel quality
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/18 TPC being performed according to specific parameters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A method of selecting linked metric measurements from at least one of open loop and closed loop measurements is disclosed. The method includes sending by a first node a first radio communication and receiving by a second node the first radio communication over a communication link. The method also includes estimating by a second node dynamics of the communication channel using at least one of the variance and mean deviation of linked metric measurements. The link metric measurements are at least one of symbol error rate (SER), packet error rate (PER), frame error rate (FER), bit error rate (BER), signal to noise ration (SNR), and received signal strength (RSS). The method also includes the use of the above link metric measurements by the second node as Open Loop metrics and the sending back of these metrics to the first node for use a Closed Loop metrics by the first node. The method also includes categorizing the dynamics of the communications channel into one of at least two groups based on the estimate. Further still, the method comprises selecting, based on the chosen group, the use of at least one of closed loop link adaption and open loop link adaption of communication link parameters.

Claims

1. A method of selecting link metric measurements from at least one of open loop and closed loop measurements associated with a radio communication sent by a first node, the method comprising:

receiving by a second node the first radio communication over a communication link; and

estimating by the second node the dynamics and condition of the communications channel using at least one of the variance and mean deviation of link metric measurements, the link metric measurements being comprised of at least one of symbol error rate (SER), packet error rate (PER), frame error rate (FER), bit error rate (BER), signal to noise ratio (SNR), and received signal strength (RSS), wherein the link metric measurements are normalized via at least one of the following methods;

subtraction of transmitted power for a normalization of the SNR and RSS; and

a table look-up of transformation for a normalization of the SER, PER, or FER from one modulation type to another when more than one modulation type is used.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

sending by the second receiver, the link metric measurements back to the first node which uses them as its closed loop measurements; and

categorizing the dynamics of the communications channel into one of at least two groups, based on the estimates.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the categorizing step uses estimates from more than one link when multiple nodes are to be communicated with simultaneously;

and

selecting, based on the chosen group, the use of at least one of closed loop link adaption and open loop link adaption of communication link parameters.

4. The method of claim 1,

generating by a state transition table at least one of the transmitted power, modulation type, forward error correction coding gain, diversity level, diversity method, diversity combing method, and frequency spreading.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein both open loop and closed loop link measurements are selected.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the open loop and closed loop link measurements are combined in a weighted sum.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the weighted sum is based on an interval between updates and the variance of the link metric measurements.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel estimates of the Open Loop are chosen when the ratio of a time interval between updates divided by one of the variance and mean deviation of the link metric measurements falls below a preset value.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the estimates of the closed loop group are chosen when the ratio of a time interval between updates divided by one of the variance and mean deviation of the link metric measurements exceeds a preset value.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

disqualifying the open loop estimates based on the output of an interference detection process.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

requesting closed loop measurements when the interval between closed loop measurements exceeds a preset value.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

combining link quality measurements made on multiple diversity channels.

13. A method of changing communication link adaption techniques in a network of radio communication nodes, comprising:

detecting interference based on an open loop metric;

estimating using an open loop estimator, the channel dynamics;

determining, whether transmission parameters should be adjusted based on open loop metrics or closed loop metrics, based on the channel dynamics; and

adjusting transmission parameters by using a state transition table based on the estimate; and

generating by the state transition table at least one of transmit power, modulation type, forward error correction coding gain, diversity level, diversity method, diversity combing method, and frequency spreading.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

estimating using a closed loop estimator, the channel dynamics.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

wherein the loop metrics are normalized.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

scaling the open loop metric.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein a scaling factor is derived from the state transition table.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein a scaling factor is generated based on auxiliary inputs.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein auxiliary inputs are at least one of a vehicle speed, a vehicle type, and a link closure rate.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein the state transition table is specific to the environment in which the link adaption is performed.

21. A method of specifying link quality associated with a first radio communication sent by a first node, the method comprising:

receiving by a second node the first radio communication;

estimating by the second node the dynamics of the communications channel using at least one of the variance and mean deviation of link metric measurements;

transmitting the metric measurements from the second node back to the first node thus comprising the closed loop metrics for the first node;

categorizing the dynamics of the communications channel into one of at least two groups, based on the estimate of more than one link when multiple nodes are to be communicated simultaneously;

selecting, based on the chosen group, the use of at least one of closed loop link adaption and open loop adaption of communication link parameters; and

determining link quality based on the estimate and the selection, wherein the link metric measurements being comprised of at least one symbol rate error (SER), packet error rate (PER) , frame error rate (FER), signal to noise ratio (SNR), and received signal strength, wherein the link metric measurements are normalized via at least one of the following methods;

subtraction of transmitted power for a normalization of the SNR and RSS; and

a table look-up of transformation for a normalization of the SER, PER, or FER from one modulation type to another when more than one modulation type is used.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the link quality comprises an indication of the probability of a correct packet transmission.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the probability is based on a symbol error rate.

24. The method of claim 21, wherein the link quality comprises an indication of link capacity based on the communication link parameters.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein the link quality comprises an indication of link margin.

26. The method of claim 21, wherein the link quality comprises an indication of link stability.

27. The method of claim 21, wherein the link quality comprises an indication of link performance.

28. The method of claim 21, wherein the link quality comprises an indication of expected latency through the link.

29. The method of claim 21, further comprising:

transmitting the metric measurements from the second node back to the first node thus comprising the closed loop metrics for the first node.

30. The method of claim 21, wherein the categorizing step uses estimates of more than one link when multiple nodes are to be communicated simultaneously.

31. The method of claim 21, further comprising:

normalizing the transmit power received by the first node.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the normalization function utilizes look up table data.